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* [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (7 more replies)
  0 siblings, 8 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen

This series introduces a refactor and modernization to the record-full
history, moving it form a manually managed doubly-linked list into an
std::deque, which can make better use of caching and might make
execution faster.

The main driving force behind this change is the plan to implement
support for multithreaded inferiors, since each instruction will need to
know the thread that executed it, and it'll be much easier if there is a
more consistent spot to find all this information.

Changes for v4: Split the first commit into the majority of the
refactor and the refactoring of reading/writing to a corefile. The rest
was mostly cosmetic changes suggested by Christina.

Changes for v3: Made the former "cleanup" functions into actual
destructors. To do that and avoid double-frees, I made it so
record_full_entry (and the 2 classes under it) can't be copied, only
moved. Also implemented almost all the feedback from Christina on the
changes.

Guinevere Larsen (8):
  gdb/record: Refactor record history
  gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the execution log to
    corefile
  gdb/record: remove record_full_insn_num
  gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  gdb/record: make record_full_history more c++-like
  gdb/record: extract the PC to record_full_instruction
  gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save section
  gdb/record: rename record_full_list to record_full_log

 gdb/NEWS               |    4 +
 gdb/aarch64-tdep.c     |    2 -
 gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c |    3 -
 gdb/arm-tdep.c         |    2 -
 gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
 gdb/i386-tdep.c        |    4 -
 gdb/loongarch-tdep.c   |    2 -
 gdb/moxie-tdep.c       |    2 -
 gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c   |    3 -
 gdb/record-full.c      | 1725 +++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 gdb/record-full.h      |    1 -
 gdb/riscv-tdep.c       |    3 -
 gdb/rs6000-tdep.c      |    4 -
 gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
 gdb/s390-tdep.c        |    2 -
 15 files changed, 831 insertions(+), 932 deletions(-)


base-commit: 909db30adab1688870e978c85d014d4a36641f4e
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-10 14:39   ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 2/8] gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the execution log to corefile Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (6 subsequent siblings)
  7 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen, Thiago Jung Bauermann

This is the first step in a large refactor in how GDB keeps execution
history.  Rather than using a linked list where multiple entries can
describe a single instruction, the history will now be stored in an
std::deque, each instruction being one entry in the deque.

The choice was initially to use an std::vector, but it would become
unwieldy because it needs all the memory to be consecutive, which is
hard for 200 thousand entries. Deque was picked because it was a nice
midpoint between vector (maximum cache cohesion) and linked list
(maximum ease of finding space to store more).

Each instruction in memory will be now one record_full_instruction
entry, which for this commit just contains a vector of
record_full_entry for the effects of the instruction, and the data that
was stored in the record_full_end entry (that is, the instruction number
and the signal, if any).

This change introduced a minimal performance improvement (what's
important is that it isn't a degradation) and a  reduction in the total
memory footprint of roughly 20% if the entire history is used.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
---
 gdb/aarch64-tdep.c     |    2 -
 gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c |    3 -
 gdb/arm-tdep.c         |    2 -
 gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
 gdb/i386-tdep.c        |    4 -
 gdb/loongarch-tdep.c   |    2 -
 gdb/moxie-tdep.c       |    2 -
 gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c   |    3 -
 gdb/record-full.c      | 1068 ++++++++++++++++------------------------
 gdb/record-full.h      |    1 -
 gdb/riscv-tdep.c       |    3 -
 gdb/rs6000-tdep.c      |    4 -
 gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
 gdb/s390-tdep.c        |    2 -
 14 files changed, 422 insertions(+), 680 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c b/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
index 673815c2763..2b767565b2f 100644
--- a/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
@@ -6232,8 +6232,6 @@ aarch64_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
 	       aarch64_record.aarch64_mems[rec_no].len))
 	    ret = -1;
 
-      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-	ret = -1;
     }
 
   deallocate_reg_mem (&aarch64_record);
diff --git a/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
index a5ac26654cf..9b23db72bbe 100644
--- a/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
@@ -1591,9 +1591,6 @@ amd64_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
 				     + AMD64_LINUX_frame_size))
     return -1;
 
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
-
   return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/gdb/arm-tdep.c b/gdb/arm-tdep.c
index 08cce9dbad8..1ce0927f26b 100644
--- a/gdb/arm-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/arm-tdep.c
@@ -14911,8 +14911,6 @@ arm_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
 	    }
 	}
 
-      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-	ret = -1;
     }
 
 
diff --git a/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
index 23aeccac9fc..4f33766fcdd 100644
--- a/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
@@ -949,9 +949,6 @@ i386_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
 				     I386_LINUX_xstate + I386_LINUX_frame_size))
     return -1;
 
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
-
   return 0;
 }
 \f
diff --git a/gdb/i386-tdep.c b/gdb/i386-tdep.c
index fa935b5fcdb..fee36b46a73 100644
--- a/gdb/i386-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/i386-tdep.c
@@ -5201,8 +5201,6 @@ i386_record_vex (struct i386_record_s *ir, uint8_t vex_w, uint8_t vex_r,
     }
 
   record_full_arch_list_add_reg (ir->regcache, ir->regmap[X86_RECORD_REIP_REGNUM]);
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
 
   return 0;
 }
@@ -8359,8 +8357,6 @@ Do you want to stop the program?"),
 
   /* In the future, maybe still need to deal with need_dasm.  */
   I386_RECORD_FULL_ARCH_LIST_ADD_REG (X86_RECORD_REIP_REGNUM);
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
 
   return 0;
 
diff --git a/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c b/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
index 225b1abb703..5ec6b2a48d0 100644
--- a/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
@@ -2789,8 +2789,6 @@ loongarch_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
 					 LOONGARCH_PC_REGNUM))
 	return -1;
 
-      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-	return -1;
     }
 
   return ret;
diff --git a/gdb/moxie-tdep.c b/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
index c8a04d21f59..2f8f0186488 100644
--- a/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
@@ -1040,8 +1040,6 @@ moxie_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
 
   if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, MOXIE_PC_REGNUM))
     return -1;
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
   return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
index 19698eaacbe..e2f53551709 100644
--- a/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
@@ -1565,9 +1565,6 @@ ppc_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
   if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (sp, SIGNAL_FRAMESIZE + sizeof_rt_sigframe))
     return -1;
 
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
-
   return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index 69d2c100e57..a6dfecd7d1f 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@
 #include "interps.h"
 #include "cli/cli-style.h"
 
+#include <vector>
+#include <optional>
+#include <deque>
 #include <signal.h>
 
 /* This module implements "target record-full", also known as "process
@@ -72,20 +75,17 @@
 #define DEFAULT_RECORD_FULL_INSN_MAX_NUM	200000
 
 #define RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY \
-  (record_full_list->next || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
+  ((record_full_next_insn != record_full_list.size ()) \
+    || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
 
 #define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC	netorder32(0x20091016)
 
 /* These are the core structs of the process record functionality.
 
    A record_full_entry is a record of the value change of a register
-   ("record_full_reg") or a part of memory ("record_full_mem").  And each
-   instruction must have a struct record_full_entry ("record_full_end")
-   that indicates that this is the last struct record_full_entry of this
-   instruction.
-
-   Each struct record_full_entry is linked to "record_full_list" by "prev"
-   and "next" pointers.  */
+   ("record_full_reg") or a part of memory ("record_full_mem").
+   These are saved on the record_full_instruction struct, which also
+   contains some extra information, such as delivered signals.  */
 
 struct record_full_mem_entry
 {
@@ -112,47 +112,14 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
   } u;
 };
 
-struct record_full_end_entry
-{
-  enum gdb_signal sigval;
-  ULONGEST insn_num;
-};
-
 enum record_full_type
 {
-  record_full_end = 0,
   record_full_reg,
   record_full_mem
 };
 
-/* This is the data structure that makes up the execution log.
-
-   The execution log consists of a single linked list of entries
-   of type "struct record_full_entry".  It is doubly linked so that it
-   can be traversed in either direction.
-
-   The start of the list is anchored by a struct called
-   "record_full_first".  The pointer "record_full_list" either points
-   to the last entry that was added to the list (in record mode), or to
-   the next entry in the list that will be executed (in replay mode).
-
-   Each list element (struct record_full_entry), in addition to next
-   and prev pointers, consists of a union of three entry types: mem,
-   reg, and end.  A field called "type" determines which entry type is
-   represented by a given list element.
-
-   Each instruction that is added to the execution log is represented
-   by a variable number of list elements ('entries').  The instruction
-   will have one "reg" entry for each register that is changed by
-   executing the instruction (including the PC in every case).  It
-   will also have one "mem" entry for each memory change.  Finally,
-   each instruction will have an "end" entry that separates it from
-   the changes associated with the next instruction.  */
-
 struct record_full_entry
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *prev;
-  struct record_full_entry *next;
   enum record_full_type type;
   union
   {
@@ -160,11 +127,31 @@ struct record_full_entry
     struct record_full_reg_entry reg;
     /* mem */
     struct record_full_mem_entry mem;
-    /* end */
-    struct record_full_end_entry end;
   } u;
 };
 
+/* This is the main structure that comprises the execution log.
+   Each instruction is comprised of:
+   * The instruction number: How many instructions were recorded before
+     this one;
+   * sigval: Whether the inferior received a signal while the following
+     instruction was being recorded;
+   * effects: A list of record_full_entry structures, each of which
+     describing one effect that the instruction has on the inferior.
+
+   Note, the signal is stored in the previous instruction for historical
+   reasons.  This is how it was first implemented, and no one has gotten
+   around to changing it yet.  */
+
+struct record_full_instruction
+{
+  /* This might be different from the index if
+     we had to remove the first few instructions.  */
+  uint32_t insn_num;
+  std::optional<gdb_signal> sigval;
+  std::vector<record_full_entry> effects;
+};
+
 /* If true, query if PREC cannot record memory
    change of next instruction.  */
 bool record_full_memory_query = false;
@@ -181,27 +168,25 @@ static detached_regcache *record_full_core_regbuf = NULL;
 static std::vector<target_section> record_full_core_sections;
 static struct record_full_core_buf_entry *record_full_core_buf_list = NULL;
 
-/* The following variables are used for managing the linked list that
-   represents the execution log.
+/* The following variables are used for managing the history of executed
+   instructions from the inferior.
 
-   record_full_first is the anchor that holds down the beginning of
-   the list.
+   record_full_list contains all instructions that were fully executed and
+   saved to the log, so that we can replay the execution.
 
-   record_full_list serves two functions:
-     1) In record mode, it anchors the end of the list.
-     2) In replay mode, it traverses the list and points to
-	the next instruction that must be emulated.
+   record_full_next_insn always points to the next instruction that would
+   be executed if the inferior executes forward.  In the special case when
+   the inferior is not replaying, record_full_next_insn points past the
+   end of the history.
 
-   record_full_arch_list_head and record_full_arch_list_tail are used
-   to manage a separate list, which is used to build up the change
-   elements of the currently executing instruction during record mode.
-   When this instruction has been completely annotated in the "arch
-   list", it will be appended to the main execution log.  */
+   record_full_incomplete_instruction holds a partial instruction, while
+   the lower target is disassembling the instruction, or as partial xfers are
+   happening.  It is manipulated by the "arch list" functions for historical
+   reasons.  */
 
-static struct record_full_entry record_full_first;
-static struct record_full_entry *record_full_list = &record_full_first;
-static struct record_full_entry *record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
-static struct record_full_entry *record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
+static std::deque<record_full_instruction> record_full_list;
+static record_full_instruction record_full_incomplete_instruction;
+static int record_full_next_insn;
 
 /* true ask user. false auto delete the last struct record_full_entry.  */
 static bool record_full_stop_at_limit = true;
@@ -361,6 +346,16 @@ record_full_target::kill ()
   record_kill (this);
 }
 
+/* Reset the incomplete instruction.  */
+
+static void
+record_full_reset_incomplete ()
+{
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.clear ();
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval.reset ();
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = 0;
+}
+
 /* See record-full.h.  */
 
 int
@@ -390,156 +385,126 @@ static struct cmd_list_element *show_record_full_cmdlist;
 /* Command list for "record full".  */
 static struct cmd_list_element *record_full_cmdlist;
 
-static void record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry *entry,
+static void record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
 				   enum exec_direction_kind dir);
 
-/* Alloc and free functions for record_full_reg, record_full_mem, and
-   record_full_end entries.  */
+/* Initialization and cleanup functions for record_full_reg and
+   record_full_mem entries.  */
 
-/* Alloc a record_full_reg record entry.  */
+/* Init a record_full_reg record entry.  */
 
-static inline struct record_full_entry *
-record_full_reg_alloc (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
+static inline record_full_entry
+record_full_reg_init (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *rec;
+  record_full_entry rec;
   struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
 
-  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
-  rec->type = record_full_reg;
-  rec->u.reg.num = regnum;
-  rec->u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
-  if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
-    rec->u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec->u.reg.len);
+  rec.type = record_full_reg;
+  rec.u.reg.num = regnum;
+  rec.u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
+  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
+    rec.u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec.u.reg.len);
 
   return rec;
 }
 
-/* Free a record_full_reg record entry.  */
+/* Cleanup a record_full_reg record entry.  */
 
 static inline void
-record_full_reg_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
+record_full_reg_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
 {
-  gdb_assert (rec->type == record_full_reg);
-  if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
-    xfree (rec->u.reg.u.ptr);
-  xfree (rec);
+  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_reg);
+  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
+    xfree (rec.u.reg.u.ptr);
 }
 
-/* Alloc a record_full_mem record entry.  */
+/* Init a record_full_mem record entry.  */
 
-static inline struct record_full_entry *
-record_full_mem_alloc (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
+static inline record_full_entry
+record_full_mem_init (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *rec;
+  record_full_entry rec;
 
-  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
-  rec->type = record_full_mem;
-  rec->u.mem.addr = addr;
-  rec->u.mem.len = len;
-  if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
-    rec->u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
+  rec.type = record_full_mem;
+  rec.u.mem.addr = addr;
+  rec.u.mem.len = len;
+  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
+    rec.u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
+  rec.u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 0;
 
   return rec;
 }
 
-/* Free a record_full_mem record entry.  */
+/* Cleanup a record_full_mem record entry.  */
 
 static inline void
-record_full_mem_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
+record_full_mem_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
 {
-  gdb_assert (rec->type == record_full_mem);
-  if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
-    xfree (rec->u.mem.u.ptr);
-  xfree (rec);
+  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_mem);
+  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
+    xfree (rec.u.mem.u.ptr);
 }
 
-/* Alloc a record_full_end record entry.  */
-
-static inline struct record_full_entry *
-record_full_end_alloc (void)
-{
-  struct record_full_entry *rec;
-
-  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
-  rec->type = record_full_end;
-
-  return rec;
-}
-
-/* Free a record_full_end record entry.  */
+/* Free one record entry, any type.  */
 
 static inline void
-record_full_end_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
-{
-  xfree (rec);
-}
-
-/* Free one record entry, any type.
-   Return entry->type, in case caller wants to know.  */
-
-static inline enum record_full_type
-record_full_entry_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
+record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
 {
-  enum record_full_type type = rec->type;
 
-  switch (type) {
+  switch (rec.type) {
   case record_full_reg:
-    record_full_reg_release (rec);
+    record_full_reg_cleanup (rec);
     break;
   case record_full_mem:
-    record_full_mem_release (rec);
-    break;
-  case record_full_end:
-    record_full_end_release (rec);
+    record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
     break;
   }
-  return type;
 }
 
-/* Free all record entries in list pointed to by REC.  */
-
 static void
-record_full_list_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
+record_full_reset_history ()
 {
-  if (!rec)
-    return;
-
-  while (rec->next)
-    rec = rec->next;
+  record_full_insn_num = 0;
+  record_full_insn_count = 0;
+  record_full_next_insn = 0;
 
-  while (rec->prev)
+  for (auto &insn : record_full_list)
     {
-      rec = rec->prev;
-      record_full_entry_release (rec->next);
+      for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
+	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
     }
 
-  if (rec == &record_full_first)
+  record_full_list.clear ();
+}
+
+/* Release all record entries after the INDEXth entry in the log.  */
+
+static void
+record_full_list_release_following (int index)
+{
+  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
     {
-      record_full_insn_num = 0;
-      record_full_first.next = NULL;
+      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
+	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
+      record_full_list.pop_back ();
     }
-  else
-    record_full_entry_release (rec);
+  /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
+     start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
+  record_full_next_insn = index;
 }
 
-/* Free all record entries forward of the given list position.  */
+/* Save the incomplete instruction in the log.  */
 
 static void
-record_full_list_release_following (struct record_full_entry *rec)
+record_full_save_instruction ()
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *tmp = rec->next;
+  ++record_full_insn_count;
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = record_full_insn_count;
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.shrink_to_fit ();
+  record_full_list.push_back (std::move (record_full_incomplete_instruction));
+  record_full_next_insn++;
 
-  rec->next = NULL;
-  while (tmp)
-    {
-      rec = tmp->next;
-      if (record_full_entry_release (tmp) == record_full_end)
-	{
-	  record_full_insn_num--;
-	  record_full_insn_count--;
-	}
-      tmp = rec;
-    }
+  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 }
 
 /* Delete the first instruction from the beginning of the log, to make
@@ -550,52 +515,22 @@ record_full_list_release_following (struct record_full_entry *rec)
 static void
 record_full_list_release_first (void)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *tmp;
-
-  if (!record_full_first.next)
+  if (record_full_list.empty ())
     return;
 
-  /* Loop until a record_full_end.  */
-  while (1)
-    {
-      /* Cut record_full_first.next out of the linked list.  */
-      tmp = record_full_first.next;
-      record_full_first.next = tmp->next;
-      tmp->next->prev = &record_full_first;
-
-      /* tmp is now isolated, and can be deleted.  */
-      if (record_full_entry_release (tmp) == record_full_end)
-	break;	/* End loop at first record_full_end.  */
+  for (auto &entry : record_full_list[0].effects)
+    record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
 
-      if (!record_full_first.next)
-	{
-	  gdb_assert (record_full_insn_num == 1);
-	  break;	/* End loop when list is empty.  */
-	}
-    }
+  record_full_list.pop_front ();
+  --record_full_next_insn;
 }
 
 /* Add a struct record_full_entry to record_full_arch_list.  */
 
 static void
-record_full_arch_list_add (struct record_full_entry *rec)
+record_full_arch_list_add (record_full_entry &rec)
 {
-  if (record_debug > 1)
-    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		"Process record: record_full_arch_list_add %s.\n",
-		host_address_to_string (rec));
-
-  if (record_full_arch_list_tail)
-    {
-      record_full_arch_list_tail->next = rec;
-      rec->prev = record_full_arch_list_tail;
-      record_full_arch_list_tail = rec;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      record_full_arch_list_head = rec;
-      record_full_arch_list_tail = rec;
-    }
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (rec);
 }
 
 /* Return the value storage location of a record entry.  */
@@ -613,7 +548,6 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
       return rec->u.reg.u.ptr;
     else
       return rec->u.reg.u.buf;
-  case record_full_end:
   default:
     gdb_assert_not_reached ("unexpected record_full_entry type");
     return NULL;
@@ -625,7 +559,7 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
 int
 record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *rec;
+  record_full_entry rec;
 
   if (record_debug > 1)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
@@ -633,9 +567,9 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 		"record list.\n",
 		regnum);
 
-  rec = record_full_reg_alloc (regcache, regnum);
+  rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
 
-  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (rec));
+  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (&rec));
 
   record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
 
@@ -648,7 +582,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 int
 record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *rec;
+  record_full_entry rec;
 
   if (record_debug > 1)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
@@ -659,12 +593,12 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
   if (!addr)	/* FIXME: Why?  Some arch must permit it...  */
     return 0;
 
-  rec = record_full_mem_alloc (addr, len);
+  rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
 
   if (record_read_memory (current_inferior ()->arch (), addr,
-			  record_full_get_loc (rec), len))
+			  record_full_get_loc (&rec), len))
     {
-      record_full_mem_release (rec);
+      record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
       return -1;
     }
 
@@ -673,27 +607,6 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
   return 0;
 }
 
-/* Add a record_full_end type struct record_full_entry to
-   record_full_arch_list.  */
-
-int
-record_full_arch_list_add_end (void)
-{
-  struct record_full_entry *rec;
-
-  if (record_debug > 1)
-    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		"Process record: add end to arch list.\n");
-
-  rec = record_full_end_alloc ();
-  rec->u.end.sigval = GDB_SIGNAL_0;
-  rec->u.end.insn_num = ++record_full_insn_count;
-
-  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
 static void
 record_full_check_insn_num (void)
 {
@@ -725,8 +638,7 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache, enum gdb_signal signal)
 
   try
     {
-      record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
-      record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
+      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 
       /* Check record_full_insn_num.  */
       record_full_check_insn_num ();
@@ -746,20 +658,16 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache, enum gdb_signal signal)
 	 the user says something different, like "deliver this signal"
 	 during the replay mode).
 
-	 User should understand that nothing he does during the replay
-	 mode will change the behavior of the child.  If he tries,
+	 User should understand that nothing they do during the replay
+	 mode will change the behavior of the child.  If they try,
 	 then that is a user error.
 
 	 But we should still deliver the signal to gdb during the replay,
 	 if we delivered it during the recording.  Therefore we should
 	 record the signal during record_full_wait, not
 	 record_full_resume.  */
-      if (record_full_list != &record_full_first)  /* FIXME better way
-						      to check */
-	{
-	  gdb_assert (record_full_list->type == record_full_end);
-	  record_full_list->u.end.sigval = signal;
-	}
+      if (signal != GDB_SIGNAL_0 && !record_full_list.empty ())
+	record_full_list[record_full_next_insn - 1].sigval = signal;
 
       if (signal == GDB_SIGNAL_0
 	  || !gdbarch_process_record_signal_p (gdbarch))
@@ -778,13 +686,11 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache, enum gdb_signal signal)
     }
   catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
     {
-      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
+      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
       throw;
     }
 
-  record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
-  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
-  record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
+  record_full_save_instruction ();
 
   if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
     record_full_list_release_first ();
@@ -829,9 +735,9 @@ static enum target_stop_reason record_full_stop_reason
    entries and memory entries, followed by an 'end' entry.  */
 
 static inline void
-record_full_exec_insn (struct regcache *regcache,
-		       struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
-		       struct record_full_entry *entry)
+record_full_exec_entry (regcache *regcache,
+			gdbarch *gdbarch,
+			record_full_entry *entry)
 {
   switch (entry->type)
     {
@@ -909,6 +815,17 @@ record_full_exec_insn (struct regcache *regcache,
     }
 }
 
+/* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
+
+static inline void
+record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
+		       gdbarch *gdbarch,
+		       record_full_instruction &insn)
+{
+  for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
+    record_full_exec_entry (regcache, gdbarch, &entry);
+}
+
 static void record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd);
 
 /* Asynchronous signal handle registered as event loop source for when
@@ -983,10 +900,7 @@ record_full_open (const char *args, int from_tty)
   record_preopen ();
 
   /* Reset */
-  record_full_insn_num = 0;
-  record_full_insn_count = 0;
-  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
-  record_full_list->next = NULL;
+  record_full_reset_history ();
 
   bfd *cbfd = get_inferior_core_bfd (current_inferior ());
   if (cbfd != nullptr)
@@ -1014,7 +928,7 @@ record_full_base_target::close ()
   if (record_debug)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog, "Process record: record_full_close\n");
 
-  record_full_list_release (record_full_list);
+  record_full_reset_history ();
 
   /* Release record_full_core_regbuf.  */
   if (record_full_core_regbuf)
@@ -1313,7 +1227,6 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
       struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
       const address_space *aspace = current_inferior ()->aspace.get ();
       int continue_flag = 1;
-      int first_record_full_end = 1;
 
       try
 	{
@@ -1322,7 +1235,6 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 	  record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON;
 	  status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_0);
 
-	  /* Check breakpoint when forward execute.  */
 	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD)
 	    {
 	      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
@@ -1344,10 +1256,10 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 	     the signal.  */
 	  target_terminal::ours ();
 
-	  /* In EXEC_FORWARD mode, record_full_list points to the tail of prev
-	     instruction.  */
-	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD && record_full_list->next)
-	    record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
+	  /* In EXEC_FORWARD mode, record_full_next_insn is the next
+	     instruction to be executed.  */
+	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
+	    record_full_next_insn--;
 
 	  /* Loop over the record_full_list, looking for the next place to
 	     stop.  */
@@ -1355,108 +1267,92 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 	    {
 	      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
 	      if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE
-		  && record_full_list == &record_full_first)
+		  && record_full_next_insn < 0)
 		{
 		  /* Hit beginning of record log in reverse.  */
 		  status->set_no_history ();
+		  record_full_next_insn = 0;
 		  break;
 		}
 	      if (execution_direction != EXEC_REVERSE
-		  && !record_full_list->next)
+		  && record_full_next_insn == record_full_list.size ())
 		{
 		  /* Hit end of record log going forward.  */
 		  status->set_no_history ();
 		  break;
 		}
 
-	      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
+	      record_full_exec_insn
+		(regcache, gdbarch,
+		 record_full_list[record_full_next_insn]);
 
-	      if (record_full_list->type == record_full_end)
+	      /* step */
+	      if (record_full_resume_step)
 		{
 		  if (record_debug > 1)
-		    gdb_printf
-		      (gdb_stdlog,
-		       "Process record: record_full_end %s to "
-		       "inferior.\n",
-		       host_address_to_string (record_full_list));
-
-		  if (first_record_full_end
-		      && execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
-		    {
-		      /* When reverse execute, the first
-			 record_full_end is the part of current
-			 instruction.  */
-		      first_record_full_end = 0;
-		    }
-		  else
-		    {
-		      /* In EXEC_REVERSE mode, this is the
-			 record_full_end of prev instruction.  In
-			 EXEC_FORWARD mode, this is the
-			 record_full_end of current instruction.  */
-		      /* step */
-		      if (record_full_resume_step)
-			{
-			  if (record_debug > 1)
-			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-					"Process record: step.\n");
-			  continue_flag = 0;
-			}
-
-		      /* check breakpoint */
-		      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
-		      if (record_check_stopped_by_breakpoint
-			  (aspace, tmp_pc, &record_full_stop_reason))
-			{
-			  if (record_debug)
-			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-					"Process record: break "
-					"at %s.\n",
-					paddress (gdbarch, tmp_pc));
+		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+				"Process record: step.\n");
+		  continue_flag = 0;
+		}
 
-			  continue_flag = 0;
-			}
+	      /* check breakpoint */
+	      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
+	      if (record_check_stopped_by_breakpoint
+		  (aspace, tmp_pc, &record_full_stop_reason))
+		{
+		  if (record_debug)
+		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+				"Process record: break "
+				"at %s.\n",
+				paddress (gdbarch, tmp_pc));
 
-		      if (record_full_stop_reason
-			  == TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT)
-			{
-			  if (record_debug)
-			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-					"Process record: hit hw "
-					"watchpoint.\n");
-			  continue_flag = 0;
-			}
-		      /* Check target signal */
-		      if (record_full_list->u.end.sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
-			/* FIXME: better way to check */
-			continue_flag = 0;
-		    }
+		  continue_flag = 0;
 		}
 
-	      if (continue_flag)
+	      if (record_full_stop_reason
+		  == TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT)
 		{
-		  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
-		    {
-		      if (record_full_list->prev)
-			record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
-		    }
-		  else
-		    {
-		      if (record_full_list->next)
-			record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
-		    }
+		  if (record_debug)
+		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+				"Process record: hit hw "
+				"watchpoint.\n");
+		  continue_flag = 0;
 		}
+	      if (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].sigval.has_value ())
+		continue_flag = 0;
+
+	      if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
+		record_full_next_insn--;
+	      else
+		record_full_next_insn++;
 	    }
 	  while (continue_flag);
 
+	  if (record_full_next_insn < 0)
+	    {
+	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE);
+	      record_full_next_insn = 0;
+	    }
+	  else if (record_full_next_insn > record_full_list.size ())
+	    {
+	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD);
+	      record_full_next_insn = record_full_list.size ();
+	    }
+	  /* Reset the current instruction to point to the one to be replayed
+	     moving forward.  */
+	  else if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
+	    record_full_next_insn++;
+
 	replay_out:
 	  if (status->kind () == TARGET_WAITKIND_STOPPED)
 	    {
+	      int insn = (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD)
+			 ? record_full_next_insn - 1 : record_full_next_insn;
 	      if (record_full_get_sig)
 		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_INT);
-	      else if (record_full_list->u.end.sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
-		/* FIXME: better way to check */
-		status->set_stopped (record_full_list->u.end.sigval);
+	      else if (record_full_list[insn].sigval.has_value ())
+		status->set_stopped
+		  (record_full_list[insn].sigval.value ());
 	      else
 		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP);
 	    }
@@ -1464,12 +1360,9 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
       catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
 	{
 	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
-	    {
-	      if (record_full_list->next)
-		record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
-	    }
+	    record_full_next_insn++;
 	  else
-	    record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
+	    record_full_next_insn--;
 
 	  throw;
 	}
@@ -1557,8 +1450,7 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
   /* Check record_full_insn_num.  */
   record_full_check_insn_num ();
 
-  record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
-  record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
+  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 
   if (regnum < 0)
     {
@@ -1568,7 +1460,7 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 	{
 	  if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, i))
 	    {
-	      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
+	      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 	      error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
 	    }
 	}
@@ -1577,18 +1469,11 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
     {
       if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, regnum))
 	{
-	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
+	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 	  error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
 	}
     }
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    {
-      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
-      error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
-    }
-  record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
-  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
-  record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
+  record_full_save_instruction ();
 
   if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
     record_full_list_release_first ();
@@ -1607,7 +1492,7 @@ record_full_target::store_registers (struct regcache *regcache, int regno)
 	{
 	  int n;
 
-	  /* Let user choose if he wants to write register or not.  */
+	  /* Let user choose if they want to write register or not.  */
 	  if (regno < 0)
 	    n =
 	      query (_("Because GDB is in replay mode, changing the "
@@ -1642,7 +1527,7 @@ record_full_target::store_registers (struct regcache *regcache, int regno)
 	    }
 
 	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
-	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
+	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
 	}
 
       record_full_registers_change (regcache, regno);
@@ -1675,36 +1560,24 @@ record_full_target::xfer_partial (enum target_object object,
 	    error (_("Process record canceled the operation."));
 
 	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
-	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
+	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
 	}
 
       /* Check record_full_insn_num */
       record_full_check_insn_num ();
 
       /* Record registers change to list as an instruction.  */
-      record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
-      record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
+      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
       if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (offset, len))
 	{
-	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
+	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 	  if (record_debug)
 	    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
 			"Process record: failed to record "
 			"execution log.");
 	  return TARGET_XFER_E_IO;
 	}
-      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-	{
-	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
-	  if (record_debug)
-	    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			"Process record: failed to record "
-			"execution log.");
-	  return TARGET_XFER_E_IO;
-	}
-      record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
-      record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
-      record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
+      record_full_save_instruction ();
 
       if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
 	record_full_list_release_first ();
@@ -1865,9 +1738,11 @@ record_full_base_target::get_bookmark (const char *args, int from_tty)
 {
   char *ret = NULL;
 
+  if (record_full_list.empty ())
+    return (gdb_byte *) ret;
+
   /* Return stringified form of instruction count.  */
-  if (record_full_list && record_full_list->type == record_full_end)
-    ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num));
+  ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num));
 
   if (record_debug)
     {
@@ -1923,30 +1798,22 @@ record_full_base_target::record_method (ptid_t ptid)
 void
 record_full_base_target::info_record ()
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *p;
-
   if (RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY)
     gdb_printf (_("Replay mode:\n"));
   else
     gdb_printf (_("Record mode:\n"));
 
-  /* Find entry for first actual instruction in the log.  */
-  for (p = record_full_first.next;
-       p != NULL && p->type != record_full_end;
-       p = p->next)
-    ;
-
   /* Do we have a log at all?  */
-  if (p != NULL && p->type == record_full_end)
+  if (!record_full_list.empty ())
     {
       /* Display instruction number for first instruction in the log.  */
-      gdb_printf (_("Lowest recorded instruction number is %s.\n"),
-		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
+      gdb_printf (_("Lowest recorded instruction number is %u.\n"),
+		  record_full_list[0].insn_num);
 
       /* If in replay mode, display where we are in the log.  */
       if (RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY)
-	gdb_printf (_("Current instruction number is %s.\n"),
-		    pulongest (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num));
+	gdb_printf (_("Current instruction number is %u.\n"),
+		    record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num);
 
       /* Display instruction number for last instruction in the log.  */
       gdb_printf (_("Highest recorded instruction number is %s.\n"),
@@ -1975,7 +1842,7 @@ record_full_base_target::supports_delete_record ()
 void
 record_full_base_target::delete_record ()
 {
-  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
+  record_full_reset_history ();
 }
 
 /* The "record_is_replaying" target method.  */
@@ -2001,23 +1868,23 @@ record_full_base_target::record_will_replay (ptid_t ptid, int dir)
 /* Go to a specific entry.  */
 
 static void
-record_full_goto_entry (struct record_full_entry *p)
+record_full_goto_entry (size_t target_insn)
 {
-  if (p == NULL)
+  if (target_insn >= record_full_list.size ())
     error (_("Target insn not found."));
-  else if (p == record_full_list)
+  else if (target_insn == record_full_next_insn)
     error (_("Already at target insn."));
-  else if (p->u.end.insn_num > record_full_list->u.end.insn_num)
+  else if (target_insn > record_full_next_insn)
     {
       gdb_printf (_("Go forward to insn number %s\n"),
-		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
-      record_full_goto_insn (p, EXEC_FORWARD);
+		  pulongest (record_full_list[target_insn].insn_num));
+      record_full_goto_insn (target_insn, EXEC_FORWARD);
     }
   else
     {
       gdb_printf (_("Go backward to insn number %s\n"),
-		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
-      record_full_goto_insn (p, EXEC_REVERSE);
+		  pulongest (target_insn));
+      record_full_goto_insn (target_insn, EXEC_REVERSE);
     }
 
   registers_changed ();
@@ -2033,13 +1900,7 @@ record_full_goto_entry (struct record_full_entry *p)
 void
 record_full_base_target::goto_record_begin ()
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
-
-  for (p = &record_full_first; p != NULL; p = p->next)
-    if (p->type == record_full_end)
-      break;
-
-  record_full_goto_entry (p);
+  record_full_goto_entry (0);
 }
 
 /* The "goto_record_end" target method.  */
@@ -2047,15 +1908,7 @@ record_full_base_target::goto_record_begin ()
 void
 record_full_base_target::goto_record_end ()
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
-
-  for (p = record_full_list; p->next != NULL; p = p->next)
-    ;
-  for (; p!= NULL; p = p->prev)
-    if (p->type == record_full_end)
-      break;
-
-  record_full_goto_entry (p);
+  record_full_goto_entry (record_full_list.size () - 1);
 }
 
 /* The "goto_record" target method.  */
@@ -2063,13 +1916,7 @@ record_full_base_target::goto_record_end ()
 void
 record_full_base_target::goto_record (ULONGEST target_insn)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
-
-  for (p = &record_full_first; p != NULL; p = p->next)
-    if (p->type == record_full_end && p->u.end.insn_num == target_insn)
-      break;
-
-  record_full_goto_entry (p);
+  record_full_goto_entry (target_insn);
 }
 
 /* The "record_stop_replaying" target method.  */
@@ -2345,13 +2192,12 @@ static void
 record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
 {
   uint32_t magic;
-  struct record_full_entry *rec;
   asection *osec;
   uint32_t osec_size;
   int bfd_offset = 0;
 
   /* "record_full_restore" can only be called when record list is empty.  */
-  gdb_assert (record_full_first.next == NULL);
+  gdb_assert (record_full_list.empty ());
 
   if (record_debug)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog, "Restoring recording from core file.\n");
@@ -2379,124 +2225,118 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
 		"RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC (0x%s)\n",
 		phex_nz (netorder32 (magic), 4));
 
-  /* Restore the entries in recfd into record_full_arch_list_head and
-     record_full_arch_list_tail.  */
-  record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
-  record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
   record_full_insn_num = 0;
 
   try
     {
       regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
 
-      while (1)
+      while (bfd_offset < osec_size)
 	{
-	  uint8_t rectype;
-	  uint32_t regnum, len, signal, count;
+	  uint8_t rectype, sigval;
+	  uint32_t regnum, len, eff_count, insn_num;
 	  uint64_t addr;
 
-	  /* We are finished when offset reaches osec_size.  */
-	  if (bfd_offset >= osec_size)
-	    break;
-	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), &bfd_offset);
+	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
+
+	  /* Frst read the generic information for an instruction.  */
+	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &sigval, sizeof (uint8_t), &bfd_offset);
+	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &eff_count, sizeof (uint32_t),
+			&bfd_offset);
+	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &insn_num, sizeof (uint32_t),
+			&bfd_offset);
+
+	  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = netorder32 (insn_num);
+	  if (sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
+	    record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval = (gdb_signal) sigval;
+	  eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
 
-	  switch (rectype)
+	  /* This deals with all the side effects.  */
+	  while (eff_count > 0)
 	    {
-	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
-	      /* Get register number to regnum.  */
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
-			    &bfd_offset);
-	      regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
+	      eff_count--;
 
-	      rec = record_full_reg_alloc (regcache, regnum);
+	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), &bfd_offset);
 
-	      /* Get val.  */
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (rec),
-			    rec->u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
+	      switch (rectype)
+		{
+		case record_full_reg: /* reg */
+		  {
+		    /* Get register number to regnum.  */
+		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
+				  &bfd_offset);
+		    regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
 
-	      if (record_debug)
-		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			    "  Reading register %d (1 "
-			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-			    rec->u.reg.num,
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-			    rec->u.reg.len);
-	      break;
+		    record_full_entry rec;
 
-	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
-	      /* Get len.  */
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len), &bfd_offset);
-	      len = netorder32 (len);
+		    rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
 
-	      /* Get addr.  */
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
-	      addr = netorder64 (addr);
+		    /* Get val.  */
+		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
+				  rec.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
 
-	      rec = record_full_mem_alloc (addr, len);
+		    if (record_debug)
+		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+				  "  Reading register %d (1 "
+				  "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+				  rec.u.reg.num,
+				  (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
+				  rec.u.reg.len);
+
+		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+		    break;
+		  }
 
-	      /* Get val.  */
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (rec),
-			    rec->u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
+		case record_full_mem: /* mem */
+		  {
+		  /* Get len.  */
+		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len),
+				  &bfd_offset);
+		    len = netorder32 (len);
 
-	      if (record_debug)
-		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			    "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
-			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-			    paddress (get_current_arch (),
-				      rec->u.mem.addr),
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-			    rec->u.mem.len);
-	      break;
+		    /* Get addr.  */
+		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr),
+				  &bfd_offset);
+		    addr = netorder64 (addr);
 
-	    case record_full_end: /* end */
-	      rec = record_full_end_alloc ();
-	      record_full_insn_num ++;
-
-	      /* Get signal value.  */
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &signal, sizeof (signal),
-			    &bfd_offset);
-	      signal = netorder32 (signal);
-	      rec->u.end.sigval = (enum gdb_signal) signal;
-
-	      /* Get insn count.  */
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &count, sizeof (count), &bfd_offset);
-	      count = netorder32 (count);
-	      rec->u.end.insn_num = count;
-	      record_full_insn_count = count + 1;
-	      if (record_debug)
-		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			    "  Reading record_full_end (1 + "
-			    "%lu + %lu bytes), offset == %s\n",
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (signal),
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (count),
-			    paddress (get_current_arch (),
-				      bfd_offset));
-	      break;
+		    record_full_entry rec;
+		    rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
 
-	    default:
-	      error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
-		     styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
-				    bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
-	      break;
+		    /* Get val.  */
+		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
+				  len, &bfd_offset);
+
+		    if (record_debug)
+		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+				  "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
+				  "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+				  paddress (get_current_arch (),
+					    rec.u.mem.addr),
+				  (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
+				  (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
+				  rec.u.mem.len);
+
+		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+		    break;
+		  }
+
+		default:
+		  error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
+			 styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
+					bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
+		  break;
+		}
 	    }
 
-	  /* Add rec to record arch list.  */
-	  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+	  record_full_save_instruction ();
 	}
     }
   catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
     {
-      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
+      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
       throw;
     }
 
-  /* Add record_full_arch_list_head to the end of record list.  */
-  record_full_first.next = record_full_arch_list_head;
-  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = &record_full_first;
-  record_full_arch_list_tail->next = NULL;
-  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
-
   /* Update record_full_insn_max_num.  */
   if (record_full_insn_num > record_full_insn_max_num)
     {
@@ -2505,6 +2345,10 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
 	       record_full_insn_max_num);
     }
 
+  /* When loading a recording, we'll always start at the oldest possible
+     instruction, no matter where the original recording was stopped.  */
+  record_full_next_insn = 0;
+
   /* Succeeded.  */
   gdb_printf (_("Restored records from core file %s.\n"),
 	      bfd_get_filename (&cbfd));
@@ -2544,7 +2388,6 @@ cmd_record_full_restore (const char *args, int from_tty)
 void
 record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *cur_record_full_list;
   uint32_t magic;
   struct gdbarch *gdbarch;
   int save_size = 0;
@@ -2562,9 +2405,6 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
   /* Arrange to remove the output file on failure.  */
   gdb::unlinker unlink_file (recfilename);
 
-  /* Save the current record entry to "cur_record_full_list".  */
-  cur_record_full_list = record_full_list;
-
   /* Get the values of regcache and gdbarch.  */
   regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
   gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
@@ -2574,34 +2414,27 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
     = record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set ();
 
   /* Reverse execute to the begin of record list.  */
-  while (1)
-    {
-      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
-      if (record_full_list == &record_full_first)
-	break;
-
-      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
-
-      if (record_full_list->prev)
-	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
-    }
+  for (int i = record_full_next_insn - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+    record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch,
+			   record_full_list[i]);
 
   /* Compute the size needed for the extra bfd section.  */
   save_size = 4;	/* magic cookie */
-  for (record_full_list = record_full_first.next; record_full_list;
-       record_full_list = record_full_list->next)
-    switch (record_full_list->type)
-      {
-      case record_full_end:
-	save_size += 1 + 4 + 4;
-	break;
-      case record_full_reg:
-	save_size += 1 + 4 + record_full_list->u.reg.len;
-	break;
-      case record_full_mem:
-	save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + record_full_list->u.mem.len;
-	break;
-      }
+  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+    {
+      /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
+      save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
+      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
+	switch (entry.type)
+	  {
+	  case record_full_reg:
+	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.u.reg.len;
+	    break;
+	  case record_full_mem:
+	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.u.mem.len;
+	    break;
+	  }
+    }
 
   /* Make the new bfd section.  */
   osec = bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (obfd.get (), "precord",
@@ -2630,39 +2463,54 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 
   /* Save the entries to recfd and forward execute to the end of
      record list.  */
-  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
-  while (1)
+  for (int i = 0; i < record_full_list.size (); i++)
     {
-      /* Save entry.  */
-      if (record_full_list != &record_full_first)
+      uint32_t eff_count = (uint32_t) record_full_list[i].effects.size ();
+      uint32_t insn_num = record_full_list[i].insn_num;
+      uint8_t sigval = (record_full_list[i].sigval.has_value ())
+			? record_full_list[i].sigval.value ()
+			: GDB_SIGNAL_0;
+
+      /* Signal.  */
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &sigval, sizeof (sigval), &bfd_offset);
+      /* Number of effects.  */
+      eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &eff_count, sizeof (eff_count),
+		     &bfd_offset);
+      /* Instructio number.  */
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &insn_num, sizeof (insn_num),
+		     &bfd_offset);
+
+      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
 	{
+	  /* Save entry.  */
 	  uint8_t type;
-	  uint32_t regnum, len, signal, count;
+	  uint32_t regnum, len;
 	  uint64_t addr;
 
-	  type = record_full_list->type;
+	  type = entry.type;
 	  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), &bfd_offset);
 
-	  switch (record_full_list->type)
+	  switch (entry.type)
 	    {
 	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
 	      if (record_debug)
 		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
 			    "  Writing register %d (1 "
 			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-			    record_full_list->u.reg.num,
+			    entry.u.reg.num,
 			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-			    record_full_list->u.reg.len);
+			    entry.u.reg.len);
 
 	      /* Write regnum.  */
-	      regnum = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.reg.num);
+	      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
 	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
 			     sizeof (regnum), &bfd_offset);
 
 	      /* Write regval.  */
 	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
-			     record_full_get_loc (record_full_list),
-			     record_full_list->u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
+			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
+			     entry.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
 	      break;
 
 	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
@@ -2671,67 +2519,31 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 			    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
 			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
 			    paddress (gdbarch,
-				      record_full_list->u.mem.addr),
+				      entry.u.mem.addr),
 			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
 			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-			    record_full_list->u.mem.len);
+			    entry.u.mem.len);
 
 	      /* Write memlen.  */
-	      len = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.mem.len);
+	      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
 	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
 			     &bfd_offset);
 
 	      /* Write memaddr.  */
-	      addr = netorder64 (record_full_list->u.mem.addr);
+	      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
 	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
 			     sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
 
 	      /* Write memval.  */
 	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
-			     record_full_get_loc (record_full_list),
-			     record_full_list->u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
+			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
+			     entry.u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
 	      break;
-
-	      case record_full_end:
-		if (record_debug)
-		  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			      "  Writing record_full_end (1 + "
-			      "%lu + %lu bytes)\n",
-			      (unsigned long) sizeof (signal),
-			      (unsigned long) sizeof (count));
-		/* Write signal value.  */
-		signal = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.end.sigval);
-		bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &signal,
-			       sizeof (signal), &bfd_offset);
-
-		/* Write insn count.  */
-		count = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num);
-		bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &count,
-			       sizeof (count), &bfd_offset);
-		break;
 	    }
 	}
 
-      /* Execute entry.  */
-      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
-
-      if (record_full_list->next)
-	record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
-      else
-	break;
-    }
-
-  /* Reverse execute to cur_record_full_list.  */
-  while (1)
-    {
-      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
-      if (record_full_list == cur_record_full_list)
-	break;
-
-      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
-
-      if (record_full_list->prev)
-	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
+      if (i < record_full_next_insn)
+	record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
     }
 
   unlink_file.keep ();
@@ -2742,11 +2554,11 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 }
 
 /* record_full_goto_insn -- rewind the record log (forward or backward,
-   depending on DIR) to the given entry, changing the program state
-   correspondingly.  */
+   depending on DIR) to the entry in position TARGET_INSN in the history,
+   changing the program state correspondingly.  */
 
 static void
-record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry *entry,
+record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
 		       enum exec_direction_kind dir)
 {
   scoped_restore restore_operation_disable
@@ -2757,17 +2569,12 @@ record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry *entry,
   /* Assume everything is valid: we will hit the entry,
      and we will not hit the end of the recording.  */
 
-  if (dir == EXEC_FORWARD)
-    record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
-
-  do
-    {
-      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
-      if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
-	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
-      else
-	record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
-    } while (record_full_list != entry);
+  if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
+    for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i > target_insn; i--)
+      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i - 1]);
+  else
+    for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i < target_insn; i++)
+      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
 }
 
 /* Alias for "target record-full".  */
@@ -2798,61 +2605,36 @@ set_record_full_insn_max_num (const char *args, int from_tty,
 static void
 maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
 {
-  struct record_full_entry *to_print = record_full_list;
+  if (record_full_list.empty ())
+    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
 
+  int offset = record_full_next_insn - 1;
+  /* Reduce the offset by 1 if the record_full_next_insn is after the end
+     so that we show the last recorded instruction instead of crashing.  */
+  if (offset == record_full_list.size ())
+    offset--;
   if (args != nullptr)
     {
-      int offset = value_as_long (parse_and_eval (args));
-      if (offset > 0)
-	{
-	  /* Move forward OFFSET instructions.  We know we found the
-	     end of an instruction when to_print->type is record_full_end.  */
-	  while (to_print->next != nullptr && offset > 0)
-	    {
-	      to_print = to_print->next;
-	      if (to_print->type == record_full_end)
-		offset--;
-	    }
-	  if (offset != 0)
-	    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
-	}
-      else
-	{
-	  while (to_print->prev != nullptr && offset < 0)
-	    {
-	      to_print = to_print->prev;
-	      if (to_print->type == record_full_end)
-		offset++;
-	    }
-	  if (offset != 0)
-	    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
-	}
+      offset += value_as_long (parse_and_eval (args));
+      if (offset >= record_full_list.size () || offset < 0)
+	error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
     }
-  gdb_assert (to_print != nullptr);
+  auto to_print = record_full_list.begin () + offset;
 
   gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
 
-  /* Go back to the start of the instruction.  */
-  while (to_print->prev != nullptr && to_print->prev->type != record_full_end)
-    to_print = to_print->prev;
-
-  /* if we're in the first record, there are no actual instructions
-     recorded.  Warn the user and leave.  */
-  if (to_print == &record_full_first)
-    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
-
-  while (to_print->type != record_full_end)
+  for (auto entry : to_print->effects)
     {
-      switch (to_print->type)
+      switch (entry.type)
 	{
 	  case record_full_reg:
 	    {
-	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, to_print->u.reg.num);
+	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.u.reg.num);
 	      value *val
 		  = value_from_contents (regtype,
-					 record_full_get_loc (to_print));
+					 record_full_get_loc (&entry));
 	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
-			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, to_print->u.reg.num));
+			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.u.reg.num));
 	      struct value_print_options opts;
 	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
 	      opts.raw = true;
@@ -2862,17 +2644,16 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
 	    }
 	  case record_full_mem:
 	    {
-	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (to_print);
+	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (&entry);
 	      gdb_printf ("%d bytes of memory at address %s changed from:",
-			  to_print->u.mem.len,
-			  print_core_address (arch, to_print->u.mem.addr));
-	      for (int i = 0; i < to_print->u.mem.len; i++)
+			  entry.u.mem.len,
+			  print_core_address (arch, entry.u.mem.addr));
+	      for (int i = 0; i < entry.u.mem.len; i++)
 		gdb_printf (" %02x", b[i]);
 	      gdb_printf ("\n");
 	      break;
 	    }
 	}
-      to_print = to_print->next;
     }
 }
 
@@ -2880,11 +2661,6 @@ INIT_GDB_FILE (record_full)
 {
   struct cmd_list_element *c;
 
-  /* Init record_full_first.  */
-  record_full_first.prev = NULL;
-  record_full_first.next = NULL;
-  record_full_first.type = record_full_end;
-
   add_target (record_full_target_info, record_full_open);
   add_deprecated_target_alias (record_full_target_info, "record");
   add_target (record_full_core_target_info, record_full_open);
diff --git a/gdb/record-full.h b/gdb/record-full.h
index 51effe74560..c327d879a8a 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.h
+++ b/gdb/record-full.h
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ enum record_result
 
 extern int record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int num);
 extern int record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len);
-extern int record_full_arch_list_add_end (void);
 
 /* Returns true if the process record target is open.  */
 extern int record_full_is_used (void);
diff --git a/gdb/riscv-tdep.c b/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
index 6b5c9c02d46..f5b1f66844c 100644
--- a/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
@@ -5466,8 +5466,5 @@ riscv_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
   if (res != RECORD_SUCCESS)
     return res;
 
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
-
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c b/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
index e135df94a40..f964889a49f 100644
--- a/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
@@ -7138,8 +7138,6 @@ ppc_process_prefix_instruction (int insn_prefix, int insn_suffix,
   if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, PPC_PC_REGNUM))
     return -1;
 
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -7447,8 +7445,6 @@ ppc_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
 
   if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, PPC_PC_REGNUM))
     return -1;
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
   return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
index 3cd6b359d13..6bea30f08dc 100644
--- a/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
@@ -910,9 +910,6 @@ s390_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
   if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (sp, sizeof_rt_sigframe))
     return -1;
 
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
-
   return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/gdb/s390-tdep.c b/gdb/s390-tdep.c
index f9d7bdd04e4..36ce659ea15 100644
--- a/gdb/s390-tdep.c
+++ b/gdb/s390-tdep.c
@@ -7019,8 +7019,6 @@ s390_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
 
   if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, S390_PSWA_REGNUM))
     return -1;
-  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
-    return -1;
   return 0;
 }
 
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 2/8] gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the execution log to corefile
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-10 14:40   ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 3/8] gdb/record: remove record_full_insn_num Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (5 subsequent siblings)
  7 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen

Before this commit, the functions to read and write the execution log to
a corefile would would have a large section dedicated to handling a
single entry from the log.  This commit factors out those large sections
into their own functions, record_full_read_entry_from_bfd and
record_full_write_entry_to_bfd, respectively.

There should be no functional changes after this commit.
---
 gdb/record-full.c | 279 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 1 file changed, 147 insertions(+), 132 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index a6dfecd7d1f..7cfaab48aef 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -2186,6 +2186,83 @@ netorder32 (uint32_t input)
   return ret;
 }
 
+static void
+record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
+{
+  uint8_t rectype;
+  uint32_t regnum, len;
+  uint64_t addr;
+  regcache *cache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
+
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), bfd_offset);
+
+  switch (rectype)
+    {
+    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
+      {
+	/* Get register number to regnum.  */
+	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
+	regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
+
+	record_full_entry rec;
+
+	rec = record_full_reg_init (cache, regnum);
+
+	/* Get val.  */
+	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
+		      rec.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
+
+	if (record_debug)
+	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		      "  Reading register %d (1 "
+		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		      rec.u.reg.num,
+		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
+		      rec.u.reg.len);
+
+	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+	break;
+      }
+
+    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
+      {
+      /* Get len.  */
+	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
+	len = netorder32 (len);
+
+	/* Get addr.  */
+	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
+	addr = netorder64 (addr);
+
+	record_full_entry rec;
+	rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
+
+	/* Get val.  */
+	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
+		      len, bfd_offset);
+
+	if (record_debug)
+	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		      "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
+		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		      paddress (get_current_arch (),
+				rec.u.mem.addr),
+		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
+		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
+		      rec.u.mem.len);
+
+	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+	break;
+      }
+
+    default:
+      error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
+	     styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
+			    bfd_get_filename (cbfd)));
+      break;
+    }
+}
+
 /* Restore the execution log from core file CBFD.  */
 
 static void
@@ -2229,13 +2306,10 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
 
   try
     {
-      regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
-
       while (bfd_offset < osec_size)
 	{
-	  uint8_t rectype, sigval;
-	  uint32_t regnum, len, eff_count, insn_num;
-	  uint64_t addr;
+	  uint8_t sigval;
+	  uint32_t eff_count, insn_num;
 
 	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 
@@ -2256,76 +2330,7 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
 	    {
 	      eff_count--;
 
-	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), &bfd_offset);
-
-	      switch (rectype)
-		{
-		case record_full_reg: /* reg */
-		  {
-		    /* Get register number to regnum.  */
-		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
-				  &bfd_offset);
-		    regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
-
-		    record_full_entry rec;
-
-		    rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
-
-		    /* Get val.  */
-		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
-				  rec.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
-
-		    if (record_debug)
-		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-				  "  Reading register %d (1 "
-				  "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-				  rec.u.reg.num,
-				  (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-				  rec.u.reg.len);
-
-		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
-		    break;
-		  }
-
-		case record_full_mem: /* mem */
-		  {
-		  /* Get len.  */
-		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len),
-				  &bfd_offset);
-		    len = netorder32 (len);
-
-		    /* Get addr.  */
-		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr),
-				  &bfd_offset);
-		    addr = netorder64 (addr);
-
-		    record_full_entry rec;
-		    rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
-
-		    /* Get val.  */
-		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
-				  len, &bfd_offset);
-
-		    if (record_debug)
-		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-				  "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
-				  "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-				  paddress (get_current_arch (),
-					    rec.u.mem.addr),
-				  (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
-				  (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-				  rec.u.mem.len);
-
-		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
-		    break;
-		  }
-
-		default:
-		  error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
-			 styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
-					bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
-		  break;
-		}
+	      record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (&cbfd, osec, &bfd_offset);
 	    }
 
 	  record_full_save_instruction ();
@@ -2382,6 +2387,71 @@ cmd_record_full_restore (const char *args, int from_tty)
   record_full_open (nullptr, from_tty);
 }
 
+static void
+record_full_write_entry_to_bfd (record_full_entry &entry,
+				gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd,
+				asection *osec, int *bfd_offset,
+				gdbarch *gdbarch)
+{
+  /* Save entry.  */
+  uint8_t type;
+  uint32_t regnum, len;
+  uint64_t addr;
+
+  type = entry.type;
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), bfd_offset);
+
+  switch (entry.type)
+    {
+    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
+      if (record_debug)
+	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		    "  Writing register %d (1 "
+		    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		    entry.u.reg.num,
+		    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
+		    entry.u.reg.len);
+
+      /* Write regnum.  */
+      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
+		     sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
+
+      /* Write regval.  */
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
+		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
+		     entry.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
+      break;
+
+    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
+      if (record_debug)
+	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
+		    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		    paddress (gdbarch,
+			      entry.u.mem.addr),
+		    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
+		    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
+		    entry.u.mem.len);
+
+      /* Write memlen.  */
+      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
+		     bfd_offset);
+
+      /* Write memaddr.  */
+      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
+		     sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
+
+      /* Write memval.  */
+      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
+		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
+		     entry.u.mem.len, bfd_offset);
+      break;
+    }
+}
+
 /* Save the execution log to a file.  We use a modified elf corefile
    format, with an extra section for our data.  */
 
@@ -2483,63 +2553,8 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 
       for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
 	{
-	  /* Save entry.  */
-	  uint8_t type;
-	  uint32_t regnum, len;
-	  uint64_t addr;
-
-	  type = entry.type;
-	  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), &bfd_offset);
-
-	  switch (entry.type)
-	    {
-	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
-	      if (record_debug)
-		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			    "  Writing register %d (1 "
-			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-			    entry.u.reg.num,
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-			    entry.u.reg.len);
-
-	      /* Write regnum.  */
-	      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
-	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
-			     sizeof (regnum), &bfd_offset);
-
-	      /* Write regval.  */
-	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
-			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
-			     entry.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
-	      break;
-
-	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
-	      if (record_debug)
-		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
-			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-			    paddress (gdbarch,
-				      entry.u.mem.addr),
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
-			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-			    entry.u.mem.len);
-
-	      /* Write memlen.  */
-	      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
-	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
-			     &bfd_offset);
-
-	      /* Write memaddr.  */
-	      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
-	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
-			     sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
-
-	      /* Write memval.  */
-	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
-			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
-			     entry.u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
-	      break;
-	    }
+	  record_full_write_entry_to_bfd (entry, obfd, osec, &bfd_offset,
+					  gdbarch);
 	}
 
       if (i < record_full_next_insn)
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 3/8] gdb/record: remove record_full_insn_num
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 2/8] gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the execution log to corefile Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (4 subsequent siblings)
  7 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Christina Schimpe

Now that record_full_list uses a deque, we don't need a variable to
track the amount of items recorded, so it is just dropped.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>
---
 gdb/record-full.c | 41 ++++++++++++-----------------------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index 7cfaab48aef..a3a31e7276f 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -193,8 +193,6 @@ static bool record_full_stop_at_limit = true;
 /* Maximum allowed number of insns in execution log.  */
 static unsigned int record_full_insn_max_num
 	= DEFAULT_RECORD_FULL_INSN_MAX_NUM;
-/* Actual count of insns presently in execution log.  */
-static unsigned int record_full_insn_num = 0;
 /* Count of insns logged so far (may be larger
    than count of insns presently in execution log).  */
 static ULONGEST record_full_insn_count;
@@ -464,7 +462,6 @@ record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
 static void
 record_full_reset_history ()
 {
-  record_full_insn_num = 0;
   record_full_insn_count = 0;
   record_full_next_insn = 0;
 
@@ -508,9 +505,7 @@ record_full_save_instruction ()
 }
 
 /* Delete the first instruction from the beginning of the log, to make
-   room for adding a new instruction at the end of the log.
-
-   Note -- this function does not modify record_full_insn_num.  */
+   room for adding a new instruction at the end of the log.  */
 
 static void
 record_full_list_release_first (void)
@@ -610,7 +605,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
 static void
 record_full_check_insn_num (void)
 {
-  if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
     {
       /* Ask user what to do.  */
       if (record_full_stop_at_limit)
@@ -692,10 +687,8 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache, enum gdb_signal signal)
 
   record_full_save_instruction ();
 
-  if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
     record_full_list_release_first ();
-  else
-    record_full_insn_num++;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -1475,10 +1468,8 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
     }
   record_full_save_instruction ();
 
-  if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
     record_full_list_release_first ();
-  else
-    record_full_insn_num++;
 }
 
 /* "store_registers" method for process record target.  */
@@ -1579,10 +1570,8 @@ record_full_target::xfer_partial (enum target_object object,
 	}
       record_full_save_instruction ();
 
-      if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
+      if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
 	record_full_list_release_first ();
-      else
-	record_full_insn_num++;
     }
 
   return this->beneath ()->xfer_partial (object, annex, readbuf, writebuf,
@@ -1820,8 +1809,8 @@ record_full_base_target::info_record ()
 		  pulongest (record_full_insn_count));
 
       /* Display log count.  */
-      gdb_printf (_("Log contains %u instructions.\n"),
-		  record_full_insn_num);
+      gdb_printf (_("Log contains %lu instructions.\n"),
+		  (unsigned long int) record_full_list.size ());
     }
   else
     gdb_printf (_("No instructions have been logged.\n"));
@@ -2302,8 +2291,6 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
 		"RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC (0x%s)\n",
 		phex_nz (netorder32 (magic), 4));
 
-  record_full_insn_num = 0;
-
   try
     {
       while (bfd_offset < osec_size)
@@ -2343,9 +2330,9 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
     }
 
   /* Update record_full_insn_max_num.  */
-  if (record_full_insn_num > record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_list.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
     {
-      record_full_insn_max_num = record_full_insn_num;
+      record_full_insn_max_num = record_full_list.size ();
       warning (_("Auto increase record/replay buffer limit to %u."),
 	       record_full_insn_max_num);
     }
@@ -2604,14 +2591,10 @@ static void
 set_record_full_insn_max_num (const char *args, int from_tty,
 			      struct cmd_list_element *c)
 {
-  if (record_full_insn_num > record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_list.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
     {
-      /* Count down record_full_insn_num while releasing records from list.  */
-      while (record_full_insn_num > record_full_insn_max_num)
-       {
-	 record_full_list_release_first ();
-	 record_full_insn_num--;
-       }
+      while (record_full_list.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
+	record_full_list_release_first ();
     }
 }
 
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (2 preceding siblings ...)
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 3/8] gdb/record: remove record_full_insn_num Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-10 14:46   ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 5/8] gdb/record: make record_full_history more c++-like Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (3 subsequent siblings)
  7 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen, Thiago Jung Bauermann

This commit adds a constructor, destructor, and some methods to the
structures record_full_entry, record_full_reg_entry and
record_full_mem_entry. This is a move to disentangle the internal
representation of the data and how record-full manipulates it for
replaying.

Along with this change, record_full_entry is changed to use an
std::variant, since it was basically doing that already, but now we have
the stdlibc++ error checking to make sure we're only accessing elements
we're allowed to.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
---
 gdb/record-full.c | 613 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
 1 file changed, 326 insertions(+), 287 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index a3a31e7276f..73de84372b0 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 #include <optional>
 #include <deque>
 #include <signal.h>
+#include <variant>
 
 /* This module implements "target record-full", also known as "process
    record and replay".  This target sits on top of a "normal" target
@@ -92,13 +93,116 @@ struct record_full_mem_entry
   CORE_ADDR addr;
   int len;
   /* Set this flag if target memory for this entry
-     can no longer be accessed.  */
-  int mem_entry_not_accessible;
+     can be accessed.  */
+  bool mem_entry_accessible;
   union
   {
     gdb_byte *ptr;
     gdb_byte buf[sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
   } u;
+
+  record_full_mem_entry () : addr (0), len (0), mem_entry_accessible (true)
+  { }
+
+  record_full_mem_entry (CORE_ADDR mem_addr, int mem_len)
+  {
+    addr = mem_addr;
+    len = mem_len;
+    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
+      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
+    mem_entry_accessible = true;
+  }
+
+  record_full_mem_entry (record_full_mem_entry &&other)
+  {
+    addr = other.addr;
+    len = other.len;
+    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
+    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
+    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
+       memory when it is destructed.  */
+    other.len = 0;
+  }
+
+  ~record_full_mem_entry ()
+  {
+    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
+      delete[] u.ptr;
+  }
+
+  record_full_mem_entry &operator= (record_full_mem_entry &&other)
+  {
+    gdb_assert (this != &other);
+    addr = other.addr;
+    len = other.len;
+    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
+    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
+    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
+       memory when it is destructed.  */
+    other.len = 0;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_mem_entry);
+
+  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
+  {
+    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
+      return u.ptr;
+    else
+      return u.buf;
+  }
+
+  bool execute (gdbarch *gdbarch)
+  {
+    /* Nothing to do if the memory is flagged not_accessible.  */
+    if (!mem_entry_accessible)
+      return false;
+
+    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
+
+    if (record_debug > 1)
+      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
+		  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
+		  host_address_to_string (this),
+		  paddress (gdbarch, addr),
+		  len);
+
+    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch, addr, buf.data (), len))
+      mem_entry_accessible = false;
+    else
+      {
+	if (target_write_memory (addr,
+				 get_loc (),
+				 len))
+	  {
+	    mem_entry_accessible = false;
+	    if (record_debug)
+	      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
+			 "addr = %s len = %d."),
+		       paddress (gdbarch, addr),
+		       len);
+	  }
+	else
+	  {
+	    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
+
+	    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
+	       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
+	       presently assumes the target beneath supports
+	       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
+	       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
+	       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
+	       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
+	       traps.  */
+	    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
+		(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (), addr, len))
+	      return true;
+	  }
+      }
+    return false;
+  }
 };
 
 struct record_full_reg_entry
@@ -110,6 +214,71 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
     gdb_byte *ptr;
     gdb_byte buf[2 * sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
   } u;
+
+  record_full_reg_entry () : num (0), len (0) { }
+
+  record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch *gdbarch, int regnum)
+  {
+    num = regnum;
+    len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
+    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
+      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
+  }
+
+  record_full_reg_entry (record_full_reg_entry &&other)
+  {
+    num = other.num;
+    len = other.len;
+    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
+    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
+       memory when it is destructed.  */
+    other.len = 0;
+  }
+
+  ~record_full_reg_entry ()
+  {
+    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
+      delete[] u.ptr;
+  }
+
+  record_full_reg_entry &operator=(record_full_reg_entry &&other)
+  {
+    gdb_assert (this != &other);
+    num = other.num;
+    len = other.len;
+    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
+    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
+       memory when it is destructed.  */
+    other.len = 0;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_reg_entry);
+
+  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
+  {
+    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
+      return u.ptr;
+    else
+      return u.buf;
+  }
+
+  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
+  {
+    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
+
+    if (record_debug > 1)
+      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		  "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
+		  "inferior num = %d.\n",
+		  host_address_to_string (this),
+		  num);
+
+    regcache->cooked_read (num, buf);
+    regcache->cooked_write (num, get_loc ());
+    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
+    return false;
+  }
 };
 
 enum record_full_type
@@ -118,16 +287,88 @@ enum record_full_type
   record_full_mem
 };
 
-struct record_full_entry
+class record_full_entry
 {
-  enum record_full_type type;
-  union
+  std::variant<record_full_reg_entry, record_full_mem_entry> entry;
+
+public:
+  record_full_entry () : entry (record_full_reg_entry ()) {}
+
+  /* Constructor for a register entry.  Type is here to make it
+     easier to recognize it in the constructor calls, it isn't
+     actually important.  */
+  record_full_entry (record_full_type reg_type, gdbarch *gdbarch,
+		     int regnum)
+  : entry(record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch, regnum))
   {
-    /* reg */
-    struct record_full_reg_entry reg;
-    /* mem */
-    struct record_full_mem_entry mem;
-  } u;
+    gdb_assert (reg_type == record_full_reg);
+  }
+
+  record_full_entry (record_full_type mem_type, CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
+  : entry(record_full_mem_entry (addr, len))
+  {
+    gdb_assert (mem_type == record_full_mem);
+  }
+
+  record_full_entry (record_full_entry &&other)
+  : entry (std::move (other.entry))
+  {
+  }
+
+  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_entry);
+
+  record_full_reg_entry& reg ()
+  {
+    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_reg);
+    return std::get<record_full_reg_entry> (entry);
+  }
+
+  record_full_mem_entry& mem ()
+  {
+    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_mem);
+    return std::get<record_full_mem_entry> (entry);
+  }
+
+  record_full_type type () const
+  {
+    switch (entry.index ())
+    {
+    case 0:
+      return record_full_reg;
+    case 1:
+      return record_full_mem;
+    }
+    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible variant index");
+  }
+
+  /* Get the pointer to the data stored by this entry.  */
+  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
+  {
+    switch (type ())
+    {
+    case record_full_reg:
+      return reg ().get_loc ();
+    case record_full_mem:
+      return mem ().get_loc ();
+    }
+    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible entry type");
+  }
+
+  /* Execute this entry, swapping the appropriate values from memory or
+     register and the recorded ones.  Returns TRUE if the execution was
+     stopped by a watchpoint.  */
+
+  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
+  {
+    switch (type ())
+      {
+      case record_full_reg:
+	return reg ().execute (regcache);
+      case record_full_mem:
+	return mem ().execute (regcache->arch ());
+      }
+    return false;
+  }
 };
 
 /* This is the main structure that comprises the execution log.
@@ -386,91 +627,12 @@ static struct cmd_list_element *record_full_cmdlist;
 static void record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
 				   enum exec_direction_kind dir);
 
-/* Initialization and cleanup functions for record_full_reg and
-   record_full_mem entries.  */
-
-/* Init a record_full_reg record entry.  */
-
-static inline record_full_entry
-record_full_reg_init (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
-{
-  record_full_entry rec;
-  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
-
-  rec.type = record_full_reg;
-  rec.u.reg.num = regnum;
-  rec.u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
-  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
-    rec.u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec.u.reg.len);
-
-  return rec;
-}
-
-/* Cleanup a record_full_reg record entry.  */
-
-static inline void
-record_full_reg_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
-{
-  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_reg);
-  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
-    xfree (rec.u.reg.u.ptr);
-}
-
-/* Init a record_full_mem record entry.  */
-
-static inline record_full_entry
-record_full_mem_init (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
-{
-  record_full_entry rec;
-
-  rec.type = record_full_mem;
-  rec.u.mem.addr = addr;
-  rec.u.mem.len = len;
-  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
-    rec.u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
-  rec.u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 0;
-
-  return rec;
-}
-
-/* Cleanup a record_full_mem record entry.  */
-
-static inline void
-record_full_mem_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
-{
-  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_mem);
-  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
-    xfree (rec.u.mem.u.ptr);
-}
-
-/* Free one record entry, any type.  */
-
-static inline void
-record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
-{
-
-  switch (rec.type) {
-  case record_full_reg:
-    record_full_reg_cleanup (rec);
-    break;
-  case record_full_mem:
-    record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
-    break;
-  }
-}
-
 static void
 record_full_reset_history ()
 {
   record_full_insn_count = 0;
   record_full_next_insn = 0;
 
-  for (auto &insn : record_full_list)
-    {
-      for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
-	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
-    }
-
   record_full_list.clear ();
 }
 
@@ -480,11 +642,7 @@ static void
 record_full_list_release_following (int index)
 {
   for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
-    {
-      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
-	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
-      record_full_list.pop_back ();
-    }
+    record_full_list.pop_back ();
   /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
      start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
   record_full_next_insn = index;
@@ -513,9 +671,6 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)
   if (record_full_list.empty ())
     return;
 
-  for (auto &entry : record_full_list[0].effects)
-    record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
-
   record_full_list.pop_front ();
   --record_full_next_insn;
 }
@@ -525,28 +680,7 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)
 static void
 record_full_arch_list_add (record_full_entry &rec)
 {
-  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (rec);
-}
-
-/* Return the value storage location of a record entry.  */
-static inline gdb_byte *
-record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
-{
-  switch (rec->type) {
-  case record_full_mem:
-    if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
-      return rec->u.mem.u.ptr;
-    else
-      return rec->u.mem.u.buf;
-  case record_full_reg:
-    if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
-      return rec->u.reg.u.ptr;
-    else
-      return rec->u.reg.u.buf;
-  default:
-    gdb_assert_not_reached ("unexpected record_full_entry type");
-    return NULL;
-  }
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (std::move (rec));
 }
 
 /* Record the value of a register NUM to record_full_arch_list.  */
@@ -554,7 +688,7 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
 int
 record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 {
-  record_full_entry rec;
+  record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, regcache->arch (), regnum);
 
   if (record_debug > 1)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
@@ -562,9 +696,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 		"record list.\n",
 		regnum);
 
-  rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
-
-  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (&rec));
+  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, rec.get_loc ());
 
   record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
 
@@ -577,7 +709,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 int
 record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
 {
-  record_full_entry rec;
+  record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
 
   if (record_debug > 1)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
@@ -588,14 +720,9 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
   if (!addr)	/* FIXME: Why?  Some arch must permit it...  */
     return 0;
 
-  rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
-
   if (record_read_memory (current_inferior ()->arch (), addr,
-			  record_full_get_loc (&rec), len))
-    {
-      record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
-      return -1;
-    }
+			  rec.get_loc (), len))
+    return -1;
 
   record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
 
@@ -723,91 +850,6 @@ record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set (void)
 static enum target_stop_reason record_full_stop_reason
   = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON;
 
-/* Execute one instruction from the record log.  Each instruction in
-   the log will be represented by an arbitrary sequence of register
-   entries and memory entries, followed by an 'end' entry.  */
-
-static inline void
-record_full_exec_entry (regcache *regcache,
-			gdbarch *gdbarch,
-			record_full_entry *entry)
-{
-  switch (entry->type)
-    {
-    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
-      {
-	gdb::byte_vector reg (entry->u.reg.len);
-
-	if (record_debug > 1)
-	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		      "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
-		      "inferior num = %d.\n",
-		      host_address_to_string (entry),
-		      entry->u.reg.num);
-
-	regcache->cooked_read (entry->u.reg.num, reg.data ());
-	regcache->cooked_write (entry->u.reg.num, record_full_get_loc (entry));
-	memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), reg.data (), entry->u.reg.len);
-      }
-      break;
-
-    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
-      {
-	/* Nothing to do if the entry is flagged not_accessible.  */
-	if (!entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible)
-	  {
-	    gdb::byte_vector mem (entry->u.mem.len);
-
-	    if (record_debug > 1)
-	      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-			  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
-			  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
-			  host_address_to_string (entry),
-			  paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
-			  entry->u.mem.len);
-
-	    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch,
-				    entry->u.mem.addr, mem.data (),
-				    entry->u.mem.len))
-	      entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
-	    else
-	      {
-		if (target_write_memory (entry->u.mem.addr,
-					 record_full_get_loc (entry),
-					 entry->u.mem.len))
-		  {
-		    entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
-		    if (record_debug)
-		      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
-				 "addr = %s len = %d."),
-			       paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
-			       entry->u.mem.len);
-		  }
-		else
-		  {
-		    memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), mem.data (),
-			    entry->u.mem.len);
-
-		    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
-		       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
-		       presently assumes the target beneath supports
-		       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
-		       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
-		       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
-		       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
-		       traps.  */
-		    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
-			(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (),
-			 entry->u.mem.addr, entry->u.mem.len))
-		      record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
-		  }
-	      }
-	  }
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-}
-
 /* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
 
 static inline void
@@ -816,7 +858,8 @@ record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
 		       record_full_instruction &insn)
 {
   for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
-    record_full_exec_entry (regcache, gdbarch, &entry);
+    if (entry.execute (regcache))
+      record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
 }
 
 static void record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd);
@@ -2193,21 +2236,19 @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
 	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
 	regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
 
-	record_full_entry rec;
-
-	rec = record_full_reg_init (cache, regnum);
+	record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, cache->arch (), regnum);
 
 	/* Get val.  */
-	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
-		      rec.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
+	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (),
+		      rec.reg ().len, bfd_offset);
 
 	if (record_debug)
 	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
 		      "  Reading register %d (1 "
 		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-		      rec.u.reg.num,
+		      rec.reg ().num,
 		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-		      rec.u.reg.len);
+		      rec.reg ().len);
 
 	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
 	break;
@@ -2223,22 +2264,20 @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
 	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
 	addr = netorder64 (addr);
 
-	record_full_entry rec;
-	rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
+	record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
 
 	/* Get val.  */
-	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
-		      len, bfd_offset);
+	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (), len, bfd_offset);
 
 	if (record_debug)
 	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
 		      "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
 		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
 		      paddress (get_current_arch (),
-				rec.u.mem.addr),
+				rec.mem ().addr),
 		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
 		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-		      rec.u.mem.len);
+		      rec.mem ().len);
 
 	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
 	break;
@@ -2385,57 +2424,56 @@ record_full_write_entry_to_bfd (record_full_entry &entry,
   uint32_t regnum, len;
   uint64_t addr;
 
-  type = entry.type;
+  type = entry.type ();
   bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), bfd_offset);
 
-  switch (entry.type)
+  switch (type)
     {
     case record_full_reg: /* reg */
-      if (record_debug)
-	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		    "  Writing register %d (1 "
-		    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-		    entry.u.reg.num,
-		    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-		    entry.u.reg.len);
-
-      /* Write regnum.  */
-      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
-		     sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
-
-      /* Write regval.  */
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
-		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
-		     entry.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
-      break;
+      {
+	auto &reg = entry.reg ();
+	if (record_debug)
+	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		      "  Writing register %d (1 "
+		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		      reg.num,
+		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
+		      reg.len);
+
+	/* Write regnum.  */
+	regnum = netorder32 (reg.num);
+	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
+
+	/* Write regval.  */
+	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), reg.len, bfd_offset);
+	break;
+      }
 
     case record_full_mem: /* mem */
-      if (record_debug)
-	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
-		    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-		    paddress (gdbarch,
-			      entry.u.mem.addr),
-		    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
-		    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-		    entry.u.mem.len);
-
-      /* Write memlen.  */
-      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
-		     bfd_offset);
-
-      /* Write memaddr.  */
-      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
-		     sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
-
-      /* Write memval.  */
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
-		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
-		     entry.u.mem.len, bfd_offset);
-      break;
+      {
+	auto &mem = entry.mem ();
+	if (record_debug)
+	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		      "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
+		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		      paddress (gdbarch, mem.addr),
+		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
+		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
+		      mem.len);
+
+	/* Write memlen.  */
+	len = netorder32 (mem.len);
+	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
+
+	/* Write memaddr.  */
+	addr = netorder64 (mem.addr);
+	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
+
+	/* Write memval.  */
+	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), mem.len,
+		       bfd_offset);
+	break;
+      }
     }
 }
 
@@ -2482,13 +2520,13 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
       /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
       save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
       for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
-	switch (entry.type)
+	switch (entry.type ())
 	  {
 	  case record_full_reg:
-	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.u.reg.len;
+	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.reg ().len;
 	    break;
 	  case record_full_mem:
-	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.u.mem.len;
+	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.mem ().len;
 	    break;
 	  }
     }
@@ -2621,18 +2659,18 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
 
   gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
 
-  for (auto entry : to_print->effects)
+  for (auto &entry : to_print->effects)
     {
-      switch (entry.type)
+      switch (entry.type ())
 	{
 	  case record_full_reg:
 	    {
-	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.u.reg.num);
+	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.reg ().num);
 	      value *val
 		  = value_from_contents (regtype,
-					 record_full_get_loc (&entry));
+					 entry.get_loc ());
 	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
-			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.u.reg.num));
+			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.reg ().num));
 	      struct value_print_options opts;
 	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
 	      opts.raw = true;
@@ -2642,11 +2680,12 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
 	    }
 	  case record_full_mem:
 	    {
-	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (&entry);
+	      record_full_mem_entry& mem = entry.mem ();
+	      gdb_byte *b = entry.get_loc ();
 	      gdb_printf ("%d bytes of memory at address %s changed from:",
-			  entry.u.mem.len,
-			  print_core_address (arch, entry.u.mem.addr));
-	      for (int i = 0; i < entry.u.mem.len; i++)
+			  mem.len,
+			  print_core_address (arch, mem.addr));
+	      for (int i = 0; i < mem.len; i++)
 		gdb_printf (" %02x", b[i]);
 	      gdb_printf ("\n");
 	      break;
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 5/8] gdb/record: make record_full_history more c++-like
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (3 preceding siblings ...)
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 6/8] gdb/record: extract the PC to record_full_instruction Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (2 subsequent siblings)
  7 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Christina Schimpe

This commit moves the function record_full_exec_insn to be a method of
the record_full_instruction class.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>
---
 gdb/record-full.c | 26 ++++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index 73de84372b0..fb09147d8cf 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -391,6 +391,10 @@ struct record_full_instruction
   uint32_t insn_num;
   std::optional<gdb_signal> sigval;
   std::vector<record_full_entry> effects;
+
+  /* Execute the full instruction.  As a side effect, set
+     record_full_stop_reason.  */
+  void exec_insn (regcache *regcache);
 };
 
 /* If true, query if PREC cannot record memory
@@ -852,12 +856,9 @@ static enum target_stop_reason record_full_stop_reason
 
 /* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
 
-static inline void
-record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
-		       gdbarch *gdbarch,
-		       record_full_instruction &insn)
+void record_full_instruction::exec_insn (regcache *regcache)
 {
-  for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
+  for (auto &entry : effects)
     if (entry.execute (regcache))
       record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
 }
@@ -1318,9 +1319,7 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 		  break;
 		}
 
-	      record_full_exec_insn
-		(regcache, gdbarch,
-		 record_full_list[record_full_next_insn]);
+	      record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].exec_insn (regcache);
 
 	      /* step */
 	      if (record_full_resume_step)
@@ -2510,8 +2509,7 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 
   /* Reverse execute to the begin of record list.  */
   for (int i = record_full_next_insn - 1; i >= 0; i--)
-    record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch,
-			   record_full_list[i]);
+    record_full_list[i].exec_insn (regcache);
 
   /* Compute the size needed for the extra bfd section.  */
   save_size = 4;	/* magic cookie */
@@ -2582,8 +2580,9 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 					  gdbarch);
 	}
 
+      /* Execute entry.  */
       if (i < record_full_next_insn)
-	record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
+	record_full_list[i].exec_insn (regcache);
     }
 
   unlink_file.keep ();
@@ -2604,17 +2603,16 @@ record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
   scoped_restore restore_operation_disable
     = record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set ();
   regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
-  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
 
   /* Assume everything is valid: we will hit the entry,
      and we will not hit the end of the recording.  */
 
   if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
     for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i > target_insn; i--)
-      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i - 1]);
+      record_full_list[i - 1].exec_insn (regcache);
   else
     for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i < target_insn; i++)
-      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
+      record_full_list[i].exec_insn (regcache);
 }
 
 /* Alias for "target record-full".  */
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 6/8] gdb/record: extract the PC to record_full_instruction
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (4 preceding siblings ...)
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 5/8] gdb/record: make record_full_history more c++-like Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 7/8] gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save section Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 8/8] gdb/record: rename record_full_list to record_full_log Guinevere Larsen
  7 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Christina Schimpe

This commit makes it so the PC is not saved as part of the
record_full_instruction effects, but rather gets a special location.
That is because a couple of commands would really benefit from it being
easy to find the PC (especially ones from record-btrace that's haven't
been implemented to record-full yet, such as the ones in PR
record/18059), while also possibly allowing for one fewer resizing of
the effect vector (and saving an entire byte in the process).

This commit also refactored record_full_read_entry_from_bfd and
record_full_write_entry_to_bfd, to make them methods of
record_full_reg_entry and record_full_mem_entry, and also creates
similar methods for record_full_entry and record_full_instruction.
These could be turned into constructors in a future step of
c++ification, but it felt like too much change for a single commit.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>
---
 gdb/record-full.c | 383 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 237 insertions(+), 146 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index fb09147d8cf..0dd4207e0c6 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -145,6 +145,14 @@ struct record_full_mem_entry
 
   DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_mem_entry);
 
+  /* Create a mem_entry from a bfd file, when restoring a recording.  */
+  static record_full_mem_entry from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection* osec,
+					 int *bfd_offset);
+
+  /* Save this mem entry to a bfd file.  */
+  void to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset,
+	       gdbarch *gdbarch);
+
   gdb_byte *get_loc ()
   {
     if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
@@ -255,6 +263,13 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
 
   DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_reg_entry);
 
+  /* Create a reg_entry from a bfd file, when restoring a recording.  */
+  static record_full_reg_entry from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection* osec,
+					 int *bfd_offset);
+
+  /* Save this reg entry to a bfd file.  */
+  void to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset);
+
   gdb_byte *get_loc ()
   {
     if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
@@ -317,6 +332,13 @@ class record_full_entry
 
   DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_entry);
 
+  /* Create a generic entry from a bfd file, when restoring a recording.  */
+  static void from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection* osec, int *bfd_offset);
+
+  /* Save this entry to a bfd file.  */
+  void to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset,
+	       gdbarch *gdbarch);
+
   record_full_reg_entry& reg ()
   {
     gdb_assert (type () == record_full_reg);
@@ -377,6 +399,7 @@ class record_full_entry
      this one;
    * sigval: Whether the inferior received a signal while the following
      instruction was being recorded;
+   * pc: The Program Counter at the start of the instruction;
    * effects: A list of record_full_entry structures, each of which
      describing one effect that the instruction has on the inferior.
 
@@ -391,10 +414,18 @@ struct record_full_instruction
   uint32_t insn_num;
   std::optional<gdb_signal> sigval;
   std::vector<record_full_entry> effects;
+  record_full_reg_entry pc;
 
   /* Execute the full instruction.  As a side effect, set
      record_full_stop_reason.  */
   void exec_insn (regcache *regcache);
+
+  /* Create a full recorded instruction from a bfd.  */
+  static void from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection* osec, int *bfd_offset);
+
+  /* Save this instruction to a bfd file.  */
+  void to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset,
+	       gdbarch *gdbarch);
 };
 
 /* If true, query if PREC cannot record memory
@@ -702,7 +733,10 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
 
   regcache->cooked_read (regnum, rec.get_loc ());
 
-  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+  if (regnum == gdbarch_pc_regnum (regcache->arch ()))
+      record_full_incomplete_instruction.pc = std::move (rec.reg ());
+  else
+      record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
 
   return 0;
 }
@@ -858,6 +892,7 @@ static enum target_stop_reason record_full_stop_reason
 
 void record_full_instruction::exec_insn (regcache *regcache)
 {
+  pc.execute (regcache);
   for (auto &entry : effects)
     if (entry.execute (regcache))
       record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
@@ -2217,68 +2252,89 @@ netorder32 (uint32_t input)
   return ret;
 }
 
-static void
-record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
+record_full_reg_entry
+record_full_reg_entry::from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
 {
-  uint8_t rectype;
-  uint32_t regnum, len;
-  uint64_t addr;
+  uint32_t regnum;
   regcache *cache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
 
+  /* Get register number to regnum.  */
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
+		bfd_offset);
+  regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
+
+  record_full_reg_entry reg (cache->arch (), regnum);
+
+  /* Get val.  */
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, reg.get_loc (),
+		reg.len, bfd_offset);
+
+  if (record_debug)
+    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		"  Reading register %d (1 "
+		"plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		reg.num,
+		(unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
+		reg.len);
+  return reg;
+
+}
+
+record_full_mem_entry
+record_full_mem_entry::from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
+{
+  uint32_t len;
+  uint64_t addr;
+
+  /* Get len.  */
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
+  len = netorder32 (len);
+
+  /* Get addr.  */
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr),
+		bfd_offset);
+  addr = netorder64 (addr);
+
+  record_full_mem_entry mem (addr, len);
+
+  /* Get val.  */
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, mem.get_loc (),
+		len, bfd_offset);
+
+  if (record_debug)
+    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		"  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
+		"%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		paddress (get_current_arch (),
+			  mem.addr),
+		(unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
+		(unsigned long) sizeof (len),
+		len);
+
+  return mem;
+}
+
+void
+record_full_entry::from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
+{
+  uint8_t rectype;
+  record_full_entry rec;
+
   bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), bfd_offset);
 
   switch (rectype)
     {
     case record_full_reg: /* reg */
       {
-	/* Get register number to regnum.  */
-	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
-	regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
-
-	record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, cache->arch (), regnum);
-
-	/* Get val.  */
-	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (),
-		      rec.reg ().len, bfd_offset);
-
-	if (record_debug)
-	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		      "  Reading register %d (1 "
-		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-		      rec.reg ().num,
-		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-		      rec.reg ().len);
-
-	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+	rec.entry = std::move (record_full_reg_entry::from_bfd
+				(cbfd, osec, bfd_offset));
 	break;
       }
 
     case record_full_mem: /* mem */
       {
-      /* Get len.  */
-	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
-	len = netorder32 (len);
-
-	/* Get addr.  */
-	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
-	addr = netorder64 (addr);
-
-	record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
-
-	/* Get val.  */
-	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (), len, bfd_offset);
-
-	if (record_debug)
-	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		      "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
-		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-		      paddress (get_current_arch (),
-				rec.mem ().addr),
-		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
-		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-		      rec.mem ().len);
-
-	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+	rec.entry = std::move (record_full_mem_entry::from_bfd
+				(cbfd, osec, bfd_offset));
 	break;
       }
 
@@ -2288,6 +2344,39 @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
 			    bfd_get_filename (cbfd)));
       break;
     }
+  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
+}
+
+void
+record_full_instruction::from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
+{
+  uint32_t eff_count = 0;
+  uint8_t sigval;
+  uint32_t insn_num;
+
+  /* First read the generic information for an instruction.  */
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &sigval, sizeof (uint8_t), bfd_offset);
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &eff_count, sizeof (uint32_t),
+		bfd_offset);
+  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &insn_num, sizeof (uint32_t),
+		bfd_offset);
+
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = netorder32 (insn_num);
+  if (sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
+    record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval = (gdb_signal) sigval;
+
+  record_full_incomplete_instruction.pc
+    = record_full_reg_entry::from_bfd (cbfd, osec, bfd_offset);
+
+  eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
+
+  /* This deals with all the side effects.  */
+ while (eff_count > 0)
+    {
+      eff_count--;
+
+      record_full_entry::from_bfd (cbfd, osec, bfd_offset);
+    }
 }
 
 /* Restore the execution log from core file CBFD.  */
@@ -2333,30 +2422,9 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
     {
       while (bfd_offset < osec_size)
 	{
-	  uint8_t sigval;
-	  uint32_t eff_count, insn_num;
-
 	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
 
-	  /* Frst read the generic information for an instruction.  */
-	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &sigval, sizeof (uint8_t), &bfd_offset);
-	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &eff_count, sizeof (uint32_t),
-			&bfd_offset);
-	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &insn_num, sizeof (uint32_t),
-			&bfd_offset);
-
-	  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = netorder32 (insn_num);
-	  if (sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
-	    record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval = (gdb_signal) sigval;
-	  eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
-
-	  /* This deals with all the side effects.  */
-	  while (eff_count > 0)
-	    {
-	      eff_count--;
-
-	      record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (&cbfd, osec, &bfd_offset);
-	    }
+	  record_full_instruction::from_bfd (&cbfd, osec, &bfd_offset);
 
 	  record_full_save_instruction ();
 	}
@@ -2412,67 +2480,104 @@ cmd_record_full_restore (const char *args, int from_tty)
   record_full_open (nullptr, from_tty);
 }
 
-static void
-record_full_write_entry_to_bfd (record_full_entry &entry,
-				gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd,
-				asection *osec, int *bfd_offset,
-				gdbarch *gdbarch)
+void
+record_full_reg_entry::to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd,
+			       asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
+{
+  uint32_t regnum;
+
+  if (record_debug)
+    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		"  Writing register %d (1 "
+		"plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		this->num,
+		(unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
+		this->len);
+
+  /* Write regnum.  */
+  regnum = netorder32 (this->num);
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
+
+  /* Write regval.  */
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, this->get_loc (), this->len, bfd_offset);
+}
+
+void
+record_full_mem_entry::to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd,
+			       asection *osec, int *bfd_offset,
+			       gdbarch *gdbarch)
+{
+  uint32_t len;
+  uint64_t addr;
+
+  if (record_debug)
+    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
+		"  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
+		"%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
+		paddress (gdbarch, this->addr),
+		(unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
+		(unsigned long) sizeof (len),
+		this->len);
+
+  /* Write memlen.  */
+  len = netorder32 (this->len);
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
+
+  /* Write memaddr.  */
+  addr = netorder64 (this->addr);
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
+
+  /* Write memval.  */
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, this->get_loc (), this->len, bfd_offset);
+}
+
+void
+record_full_entry::to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd, asection *osec,
+			   int *bfd_offset, gdbarch *gdbarch)
 {
   /* Save entry.  */
   uint8_t type;
-  uint32_t regnum, len;
-  uint64_t addr;
 
-  type = entry.type ();
+  type = this->type ();
   bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), bfd_offset);
 
   switch (type)
     {
     case record_full_reg: /* reg */
-      {
-	auto &reg = entry.reg ();
-	if (record_debug)
-	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		      "  Writing register %d (1 "
-		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-		      reg.num,
-		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
-		      reg.len);
-
-	/* Write regnum.  */
-	regnum = netorder32 (reg.num);
-	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
-
-	/* Write regval.  */
-	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), reg.len, bfd_offset);
-	break;
-      }
+      reg ().to_bfd (obfd, osec, bfd_offset);
+      break;
 
     case record_full_mem: /* mem */
-      {
-	auto &mem = entry.mem ();
-	if (record_debug)
-	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
-		      "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
-		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
-		      paddress (gdbarch, mem.addr),
-		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
-		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
-		      mem.len);
-
-	/* Write memlen.  */
-	len = netorder32 (mem.len);
-	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
-
-	/* Write memaddr.  */
-	addr = netorder64 (mem.addr);
-	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
-
-	/* Write memval.  */
-	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), mem.len,
-		       bfd_offset);
-	break;
-      }
+      mem ().to_bfd (obfd, osec, bfd_offset, gdbarch);
+      break;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+record_full_instruction::to_bfd (gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd, asection *osec,
+				 int *bfd_offset, gdbarch *gdbarch)
+{
+  uint32_t eff_count = (uint32_t) this->effects.size ();
+  uint32_t insn_num = this->insn_num;
+  uint8_t sigval = (this->sigval.has_value ())
+		     ? this->sigval.value ()
+		     : GDB_SIGNAL_0;
+
+  /* Signal.  */
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &sigval, sizeof (sigval), bfd_offset);
+  eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
+  /* Number of effects.  */
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &eff_count, sizeof (eff_count),
+		 bfd_offset);
+  /* Instruction number.  */
+  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &insn_num, sizeof (uint32_t),
+		 bfd_offset);
+
+  this->pc.to_bfd (obfd, osec, bfd_offset);
+
+  for (auto &entry : this->effects)
+    {
+      entry.to_bfd (obfd, osec, bfd_offset, gdbarch);
     }
 }
 
@@ -2517,6 +2622,7 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
     {
       /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
       save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
+      save_size += 4 + record_full_list[i].pc.len;
       for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
 	switch (entry.type ())
 	  {
@@ -2558,28 +2664,7 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
      record list.  */
   for (int i = 0; i < record_full_list.size (); i++)
     {
-      uint32_t eff_count = (uint32_t) record_full_list[i].effects.size ();
-      uint32_t insn_num = record_full_list[i].insn_num;
-      uint8_t sigval = (record_full_list[i].sigval.has_value ())
-			? record_full_list[i].sigval.value ()
-			: GDB_SIGNAL_0;
-
-      /* Signal.  */
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &sigval, sizeof (sigval), &bfd_offset);
-      /* Number of effects.  */
-      eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &eff_count, sizeof (eff_count),
-		     &bfd_offset);
-      /* Instructio number.  */
-      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &insn_num, sizeof (insn_num),
-		     &bfd_offset);
-
-      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
-	{
-	  record_full_write_entry_to_bfd (entry, obfd, osec, &bfd_offset,
-					  gdbarch);
-	}
-
+      record_full_list[i].to_bfd (obfd, osec, &bfd_offset, gdbarch);
       /* Execute entry.  */
       if (i < record_full_next_insn)
 	record_full_list[i].exec_insn (regcache);
@@ -2656,6 +2741,9 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
   auto to_print = record_full_list.begin () + offset;
 
   gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
+  struct value_print_options opts;
+  get_user_print_options (&opts);
+  opts.raw = true;
 
   for (auto &entry : to_print->effects)
     {
@@ -2669,9 +2757,6 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
 					 entry.get_loc ());
 	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
 			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.reg ().num));
-	      struct value_print_options opts;
-	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
-	      opts.raw = true;
 	      value_print (val, gdb_stdout, &opts);
 	      gdb_printf ("\n");
 	      break;
@@ -2690,6 +2775,12 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
 	    }
 	}
     }
+  type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, to_print->pc.num);
+  value *val = value_from_contents (regtype, to_print->pc.get_loc ());
+  gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
+	      gdbarch_register_name (arch, to_print->pc.num));
+  value_print (val, gdb_stdout, &opts);
+  gdb_printf ("\n");
 }
 
 INIT_GDB_FILE (record_full)
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 7/8] gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save section
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (5 preceding siblings ...)
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 6/8] gdb/record: extract the PC to record_full_instruction Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-10 14:49   ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 8/8] gdb/record: rename record_full_list to record_full_log Guinevere Larsen
  7 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Eli Zaretskii

With the changes to the internal representation of the history, we can
no longer support the previous record save format. This commit makes it
official, documenting the new format and changing the magic number.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Reviewed-By: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
---
 gdb/NEWS          |  4 ++++
 gdb/record-full.c | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/NEWS b/gdb/NEWS
index 7c8cf9af4c2..4dd3d84c19d 100644
--- a/gdb/NEWS
+++ b/gdb/NEWS
@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@
 
 * Support for the binary file format dbx has been removed.
 
+* The format for a saved execution record, created when the command
+  'record save' is used, has been updated, and previous formats are
+  no longer supported.
+
 * When connected to an extended-remote target GDB can now
   automatically set the 'remote exec-file' in some cases.  GDB will
   auto set the remote exec-file only if the remote wasn't started with
diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index 0dd4207e0c6..4e8326e1298 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@
   ((record_full_next_insn != record_full_list.size ()) \
     || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
 
-#define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC	netorder32(0x20091016)
+#define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC_OLD	netorder32(0x20091016)
+#define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC	netorder32(0x20260415)
 
 /* These are the core structs of the process record functionality.
 
@@ -2214,6 +2215,27 @@ record_full_core_target::has_execution (inferior *inf)
        8 bytes: memory address (network byte order).
        n bytes: memory value (n == memory length).
 
+   Version 3 (all numbers are in network order).
+     4 bytes: Magic number (0x20260415).
+       NOTE: be sure to change whenever this file format changes!
+
+    Records:
+      record_full_instruction:
+	1 byte: signal.
+	4 bytes: number of reg and mem entries for this instruction.
+	4 bytes: instruction sequence number.
+	4 bytes: PC register ID.
+	N bytes: PC address of instruction (N == size of PC).
+	Effects:
+	  record_full_reg:
+	    1 byte: record_type (record_full_reg, see enum record_full_type).
+	    4 bytes: Register ID.
+	    n bytes: register value (n == actual register size).
+	  record_full_mem:
+	    1 byte: record_type (record_full_mem, see enum record_full_type).
+	    4 bytes: memory length.
+	    8 bytes: memory address.
+	    n bytes: memory value (n = memory length).
 */
 
 /* bfdcore_read -- read bytes from a core file section.  */
@@ -2409,9 +2431,14 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
   /* Check the magic code.  */
   bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &magic, sizeof (magic), &bfd_offset);
   if (magic != RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC)
-    error (_("Version mismatch or file format error in core file %ps."),
-	   styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
-			  bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
+    {
+      if (magic == RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC_OLD)
+	error (_("This old recording format is no longer supported."));
+      else
+	error (_("Version mismatch or file format error in core file %ps."),
+	       styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
+			      bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
+    }
   if (record_debug)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
 		"  Reading 4-byte magic cookie "
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 8/8] gdb/record: rename record_full_list to record_full_log
  2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
                   ` (6 preceding siblings ...)
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 7/8] gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save section Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-02 14:33 ` Guinevere Larsen
  7 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-02 14:33 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gdb-patches; +Cc: Guinevere Larsen, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Christina Schimpe

Now that we no longer use a linked list to manage the history, the name
"record_full_list" is no longer meaningful. This commit changes the name
to record_full_log since it is the execution log. I decided to not say
"record_full_execution_log" to avoid overly long lines when accessing
it.

Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>
---
 gdb/record-full.c | 120 +++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 1 file changed, 60 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
index 4e8326e1298..5af4433d1d8 100644
--- a/gdb/record-full.c
+++ b/gdb/record-full.c
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 #define DEFAULT_RECORD_FULL_INSN_MAX_NUM	200000
 
 #define RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY \
-  ((record_full_next_insn != record_full_list.size ()) \
+  ((record_full_next_insn != record_full_log.size ()) \
     || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
 
 #define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC_OLD	netorder32(0x20091016)
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ static struct record_full_core_buf_entry *record_full_core_buf_list = NULL;
 /* The following variables are used for managing the history of executed
    instructions from the inferior.
 
-   record_full_list contains all instructions that were fully executed and
+   record_full_log contains all instructions that were fully executed and
    saved to the log, so that we can replay the execution.
 
    record_full_next_insn always points to the next instruction that would
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ static struct record_full_core_buf_entry *record_full_core_buf_list = NULL;
    happening.  It is manipulated by the "arch list" functions for historical
    reasons.  */
 
-static std::deque<record_full_instruction> record_full_list;
+static std::deque<record_full_instruction> record_full_log;
 static record_full_instruction record_full_incomplete_instruction;
 static int record_full_next_insn;
 
@@ -669,16 +669,16 @@ record_full_reset_history ()
   record_full_insn_count = 0;
   record_full_next_insn = 0;
 
-  record_full_list.clear ();
+  record_full_log.clear ();
 }
 
 /* Release all record entries after the INDEXth entry in the log.  */
 
 static void
-record_full_list_release_following (int index)
+record_full_log_release_following (int index)
 {
-  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
-    record_full_list.pop_back ();
+  for (int i = record_full_log.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
+    record_full_log.pop_back ();
   /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
      start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
   record_full_next_insn = index;
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ record_full_save_instruction ()
   ++record_full_insn_count;
   record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = record_full_insn_count;
   record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.shrink_to_fit ();
-  record_full_list.push_back (std::move (record_full_incomplete_instruction));
+  record_full_log.push_back (std::move (record_full_incomplete_instruction));
   record_full_next_insn++;
 
   record_full_reset_incomplete ();
@@ -702,12 +702,12 @@ record_full_save_instruction ()
    room for adding a new instruction at the end of the log.  */
 
 static void
-record_full_list_release_first (void)
+record_full_log_release_first (void)
 {
-  if (record_full_list.empty ())
+  if (record_full_log.empty ())
     return;
 
-  record_full_list.pop_front ();
+  record_full_log.pop_front ();
   --record_full_next_insn;
 }
 
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
 static void
 record_full_check_insn_num (void)
 {
-  if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_log.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
     {
       /* Ask user what to do.  */
       if (record_full_stop_at_limit)
@@ -787,9 +787,9 @@ record_full_check_insn_num (void)
 
 /* Before inferior step (when GDB record the running message, inferior
    only can step), GDB will call this function to record the values to
-   record_full_list.  This function will call gdbarch_process_record to
+   record_full_log.  This function will call gdbarch_process_record to
    record the running message of inferior and set them to
-   record_full_arch_list, and add it to record_full_list.  */
+   record_full_arch_list, and add it to record_full_log.  */
 
 static void
 record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache, enum gdb_signal signal)
@@ -827,8 +827,8 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache, enum gdb_signal signal)
 	 if we delivered it during the recording.  Therefore we should
 	 record the signal during record_full_wait, not
 	 record_full_resume.  */
-      if (signal != GDB_SIGNAL_0 && !record_full_list.empty ())
-	record_full_list[record_full_next_insn - 1].sigval = signal;
+      if (signal != GDB_SIGNAL_0 && !record_full_log.empty ())
+	record_full_log[record_full_next_insn - 1].sigval = signal;
 
       if (signal == GDB_SIGNAL_0
 	  || !gdbarch_process_record_signal_p (gdbarch))
@@ -853,8 +853,8 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache, enum gdb_signal signal)
 
   record_full_save_instruction ();
 
-  if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
-    record_full_list_release_first ();
+  if (record_full_log.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
+    record_full_log_release_first ();
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -1334,7 +1334,7 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
 	    record_full_next_insn--;
 
-	  /* Loop over the record_full_list, looking for the next place to
+	  /* Loop over the record_full_log, looking for the next place to
 	     stop.  */
 	  do
 	    {
@@ -1348,14 +1348,14 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 		  break;
 		}
 	      if (execution_direction != EXEC_REVERSE
-		  && record_full_next_insn == record_full_list.size ())
+		  && record_full_next_insn == record_full_log.size ())
 		{
 		  /* Hit end of record log going forward.  */
 		  status->set_no_history ();
 		  break;
 		}
 
-	      record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].exec_insn (regcache);
+	      record_full_log[record_full_next_insn].exec_insn (regcache);
 
 	      /* step */
 	      if (record_full_resume_step)
@@ -1389,7 +1389,7 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 				"watchpoint.\n");
 		  continue_flag = 0;
 		}
-	      if (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].sigval.has_value ())
+	      if (record_full_log[record_full_next_insn].sigval.has_value ())
 		continue_flag = 0;
 
 	      if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
@@ -1404,10 +1404,10 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE);
 	      record_full_next_insn = 0;
 	    }
-	  else if (record_full_next_insn > record_full_list.size ())
+	  else if (record_full_next_insn > record_full_log.size ())
 	    {
 	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD);
-	      record_full_next_insn = record_full_list.size ();
+	      record_full_next_insn = record_full_log.size ();
 	    }
 	  /* Reset the current instruction to point to the one to be replayed
 	     moving forward.  */
@@ -1421,9 +1421,9 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
 			 ? record_full_next_insn - 1 : record_full_next_insn;
 	      if (record_full_get_sig)
 		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_INT);
-	      else if (record_full_list[insn].sigval.has_value ())
+	      else if (record_full_log[insn].sigval.has_value ())
 		status->set_stopped
-		  (record_full_list[insn].sigval.value ());
+		  (record_full_log[insn].sigval.value ());
 	      else
 		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP);
 	    }
@@ -1546,8 +1546,8 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
     }
   record_full_save_instruction ();
 
-  if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
-    record_full_list_release_first ();
+  if (record_full_log.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
+    record_full_log_release_first ();
 }
 
 /* "store_registers" method for process record target.  */
@@ -1596,7 +1596,7 @@ record_full_target::store_registers (struct regcache *regcache, int regno)
 	    }
 
 	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
-	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
+	  record_full_log_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
 	}
 
       record_full_registers_change (regcache, regno);
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ record_full_target::xfer_partial (enum target_object object,
 	    error (_("Process record canceled the operation."));
 
 	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
-	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
+	  record_full_log_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
 	}
 
       /* Check record_full_insn_num */
@@ -1648,8 +1648,8 @@ record_full_target::xfer_partial (enum target_object object,
 	}
       record_full_save_instruction ();
 
-      if (record_full_list.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
-	record_full_list_release_first ();
+      if (record_full_log.size () == record_full_insn_max_num)
+	record_full_log_release_first ();
     }
 
   return this->beneath ()->xfer_partial (object, annex, readbuf, writebuf,
@@ -1805,11 +1805,11 @@ record_full_base_target::get_bookmark (const char *args, int from_tty)
 {
   char *ret = NULL;
 
-  if (record_full_list.empty ())
+  if (record_full_log.empty ())
     return (gdb_byte *) ret;
 
   /* Return stringified form of instruction count.  */
-  ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num));
+  ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_log[record_full_next_insn].insn_num));
 
   if (record_debug)
     {
@@ -1871,16 +1871,16 @@ record_full_base_target::info_record ()
     gdb_printf (_("Record mode:\n"));
 
   /* Do we have a log at all?  */
-  if (!record_full_list.empty ())
+  if (!record_full_log.empty ())
     {
       /* Display instruction number for first instruction in the log.  */
       gdb_printf (_("Lowest recorded instruction number is %u.\n"),
-		  record_full_list[0].insn_num);
+		  record_full_log[0].insn_num);
 
       /* If in replay mode, display where we are in the log.  */
       if (RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY)
 	gdb_printf (_("Current instruction number is %u.\n"),
-		    record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num);
+		    record_full_log[record_full_next_insn].insn_num);
 
       /* Display instruction number for last instruction in the log.  */
       gdb_printf (_("Highest recorded instruction number is %s.\n"),
@@ -1888,7 +1888,7 @@ record_full_base_target::info_record ()
 
       /* Display log count.  */
       gdb_printf (_("Log contains %lu instructions.\n"),
-		  (unsigned long int) record_full_list.size ());
+		  (unsigned long int) record_full_log.size ());
     }
   else
     gdb_printf (_("No instructions have been logged.\n"));
@@ -1937,14 +1937,14 @@ record_full_base_target::record_will_replay (ptid_t ptid, int dir)
 static void
 record_full_goto_entry (size_t target_insn)
 {
-  if (target_insn >= record_full_list.size ())
+  if (target_insn >= record_full_log.size ())
     error (_("Target insn not found."));
   else if (target_insn == record_full_next_insn)
     error (_("Already at target insn."));
   else if (target_insn > record_full_next_insn)
     {
       gdb_printf (_("Go forward to insn number %s\n"),
-		  pulongest (record_full_list[target_insn].insn_num));
+		  pulongest (record_full_log[target_insn].insn_num));
       record_full_goto_insn (target_insn, EXEC_FORWARD);
     }
   else
@@ -1975,7 +1975,7 @@ record_full_base_target::goto_record_begin ()
 void
 record_full_base_target::goto_record_end ()
 {
-  record_full_goto_entry (record_full_list.size () - 1);
+  record_full_goto_entry (record_full_log.size () - 1);
 }
 
 /* The "goto_record" target method.  */
@@ -2412,7 +2412,7 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
   int bfd_offset = 0;
 
   /* "record_full_restore" can only be called when record list is empty.  */
-  gdb_assert (record_full_list.empty ());
+  gdb_assert (record_full_log.empty ());
 
   if (record_debug)
     gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog, "Restoring recording from core file.\n");
@@ -2463,9 +2463,9 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
     }
 
   /* Update record_full_insn_max_num.  */
-  if (record_full_list.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_log.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
     {
-      record_full_insn_max_num = record_full_list.size ();
+      record_full_insn_max_num = record_full_log.size ();
       warning (_("Auto increase record/replay buffer limit to %u."),
 	       record_full_insn_max_num);
     }
@@ -2641,16 +2641,16 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 
   /* Reverse execute to the begin of record list.  */
   for (int i = record_full_next_insn - 1; i >= 0; i--)
-    record_full_list[i].exec_insn (regcache);
+    record_full_log[i].exec_insn (regcache);
 
   /* Compute the size needed for the extra bfd section.  */
   save_size = 4;	/* magic cookie */
-  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+  for (int i = record_full_log.size () - 1; i >= 0; i--)
     {
       /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
       save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
-      save_size += 4 + record_full_list[i].pc.len;
-      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
+      save_size += 4 + record_full_log[i].pc.len;
+      for (auto &entry : record_full_log[i].effects)
 	switch (entry.type ())
 	  {
 	  case record_full_reg:
@@ -2689,12 +2689,12 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
 
   /* Save the entries to recfd and forward execute to the end of
      record list.  */
-  for (int i = 0; i < record_full_list.size (); i++)
+  for (int i = 0; i < record_full_log.size (); i++)
     {
-      record_full_list[i].to_bfd (obfd, osec, &bfd_offset, gdbarch);
+      record_full_log[i].to_bfd (obfd, osec, &bfd_offset, gdbarch);
       /* Execute entry.  */
       if (i < record_full_next_insn)
-	record_full_list[i].exec_insn (regcache);
+	record_full_log[i].exec_insn (regcache);
     }
 
   unlink_file.keep ();
@@ -2721,10 +2721,10 @@ record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
 
   if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
     for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i > target_insn; i--)
-      record_full_list[i - 1].exec_insn (regcache);
+      record_full_log[i - 1].exec_insn (regcache);
   else
     for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i < target_insn; i++)
-      record_full_list[i].exec_insn (regcache);
+      record_full_log[i].exec_insn (regcache);
 }
 
 /* Alias for "target record-full".  */
@@ -2739,10 +2739,10 @@ static void
 set_record_full_insn_max_num (const char *args, int from_tty,
 			      struct cmd_list_element *c)
 {
-  if (record_full_list.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
+  if (record_full_log.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
     {
-      while (record_full_list.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
-	record_full_list_release_first ();
+      while (record_full_log.size () > record_full_insn_max_num)
+	record_full_log_release_first ();
     }
 }
 
@@ -2751,21 +2751,21 @@ set_record_full_insn_max_num (const char *args, int from_tty,
 static void
 maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
 {
-  if (record_full_list.empty ())
+  if (record_full_log.empty ())
     error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
 
   int offset = record_full_next_insn - 1;
   /* Reduce the offset by 1 if the record_full_next_insn is after the end
      so that we show the last recorded instruction instead of crashing.  */
-  if (offset == record_full_list.size ())
+  if (offset == record_full_log.size ())
     offset--;
   if (args != nullptr)
     {
       offset += value_as_long (parse_and_eval (args));
-      if (offset >= record_full_list.size () || offset < 0)
+      if (offset >= record_full_log.size () || offset < 0)
 	error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
     }
-  auto to_print = record_full_list.begin () + offset;
+  auto to_print = record_full_log.begin () + offset;
 
   gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
   struct value_print_options opts;
-- 
2.54.0


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* RE: [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-10 14:39   ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-12 18:07     ` Guinevere Larsen
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Schimpe, Christina @ 2026-06-10 14:39 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Guinevere Larsen, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann

Hi Guinevere,

I only have one further comment and found one nit. Please see below.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> Sent: Dienstag, 2. Juni 2026 16:34
> To: gdb-patches@sourceware.org
> Cc: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>; Thiago Jung Bauermann
> <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> Subject: [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history
> 
> This is the first step in a large refactor in how GDB keeps execution
> history.  Rather than using a linked list where multiple entries can
> describe a single instruction, the history will now be stored in an
> std::deque, each instruction being one entry in the deque.
> 
> The choice was initially to use an std::vector, but it would become
> unwieldy because it needs all the memory to be consecutive, which is
> hard for 200 thousand entries. Deque was picked because it was a nice
> midpoint between vector (maximum cache cohesion) and linked list
> (maximum ease of finding space to store more).
> 
> Each instruction in memory will be now one record_full_instruction
> entry, which for this commit just contains a vector of
> record_full_entry for the effects of the instruction, and the data that
> was stored in the record_full_end entry (that is, the instruction number
> and the signal, if any).
> 
> This change introduced a minimal performance improvement (what's
> important is that it isn't a degradation) and a  reduction in the total
> memory footprint of roughly 20% if the entire history is used.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> ---
>  gdb/aarch64-tdep.c     |    2 -
>  gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c |    3 -
>  gdb/arm-tdep.c         |    2 -
>  gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
>  gdb/i386-tdep.c        |    4 -
>  gdb/loongarch-tdep.c   |    2 -
>  gdb/moxie-tdep.c       |    2 -
>  gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c   |    3 -
>  gdb/record-full.c      | 1068 ++++++++++++++++------------------------
>  gdb/record-full.h      |    1 -
>  gdb/riscv-tdep.c       |    3 -
>  gdb/rs6000-tdep.c      |    4 -
>  gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
>  gdb/s390-tdep.c        |    2 -
>  14 files changed, 422 insertions(+), 680 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c b/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
> index 673815c2763..2b767565b2f 100644
> --- a/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
> @@ -6232,8 +6232,6 @@ aarch64_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
>  	       aarch64_record.aarch64_mems[rec_no].len))
>  	    ret = -1;
> 
> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -	ret = -1;
>      }
> 
>    deallocate_reg_mem (&aarch64_record);
> diff --git a/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
> index a5ac26654cf..9b23db72bbe 100644
> --- a/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
> @@ -1591,9 +1591,6 @@ amd64_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch
> *gdbarch,
>  				     + AMD64_LINUX_frame_size))
>      return -1;
> 
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
> -
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/arm-tdep.c b/gdb/arm-tdep.c
> index 08cce9dbad8..1ce0927f26b 100644
> --- a/gdb/arm-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/arm-tdep.c
> @@ -14911,8 +14911,6 @@ arm_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
>  	    }
>  	}
> 
> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -	ret = -1;
>      }
> 
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
> index 23aeccac9fc..4f33766fcdd 100644
> --- a/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
> @@ -949,9 +949,6 @@ i386_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>  				     I386_LINUX_xstate +
> I386_LINUX_frame_size))
>      return -1;
> 
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
> -
>    return 0;
>  }
>  

> 
> diff --git a/gdb/i386-tdep.c b/gdb/i386-tdep.c
> index fa935b5fcdb..fee36b46a73 100644
> --- a/gdb/i386-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/i386-tdep.c
> @@ -5201,8 +5201,6 @@ i386_record_vex (struct i386_record_s *ir, uint8_t
> vex_w, uint8_t vex_r,
>      }
> 
>    record_full_arch_list_add_reg (ir->regcache, ir-
> >regmap[X86_RECORD_REIP_REGNUM]);
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
> 
>    return 0;
>  }
> @@ -8359,8 +8357,6 @@ Do you want to stop the program?"),
> 
>    /* In the future, maybe still need to deal with need_dasm.  */
>    I386_RECORD_FULL_ARCH_LIST_ADD_REG (X86_RECORD_REIP_REGNUM);
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
> 
>    return 0;
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c b/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
> index 225b1abb703..5ec6b2a48d0 100644
> --- a/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
> @@ -2789,8 +2789,6 @@ loongarch_process_record (struct gdbarch
> *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
>  					 LOONGARCH_PC_REGNUM))
>  	return -1;
> 
> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -	return -1;
>      }
> 
>    return ret;
> diff --git a/gdb/moxie-tdep.c b/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
> index c8a04d21f59..2f8f0186488 100644
> --- a/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
> @@ -1040,8 +1040,6 @@ moxie_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
> 
>    if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, MOXIE_PC_REGNUM))
>      return -1;
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
> index 19698eaacbe..e2f53551709 100644
> --- a/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
> @@ -1565,9 +1565,6 @@ ppc_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
>    if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (sp, SIGNAL_FRAMESIZE +
> sizeof_rt_sigframe))
>      return -1;
> 
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
> -
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
> index 69d2c100e57..a6dfecd7d1f 100644
> --- a/gdb/record-full.c
> +++ b/gdb/record-full.c
> @@ -47,6 +47,9 @@
>  #include "interps.h"
>  #include "cli/cli-style.h"
> 
> +#include <vector>
> +#include <optional>
> +#include <deque>
>  #include <signal.h>
> 
>  /* This module implements "target record-full", also known as "process
> @@ -72,20 +75,17 @@
>  #define DEFAULT_RECORD_FULL_INSN_MAX_NUM	200000
> 
>  #define RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY \
> -  (record_full_list->next || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> +  ((record_full_next_insn != record_full_list.size ()) \
> +    || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> 
>  #define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC	netorder32(0x20091016)
> 
>  /* These are the core structs of the process record functionality.
> 
>     A record_full_entry is a record of the value change of a register
> -   ("record_full_reg") or a part of memory ("record_full_mem").  And each
> -   instruction must have a struct record_full_entry ("record_full_end")
> -   that indicates that this is the last struct record_full_entry of this
> -   instruction.
> -
> -   Each struct record_full_entry is linked to "record_full_list" by "prev"
> -   and "next" pointers.  */
> +   ("record_full_reg") or a part of memory ("record_full_mem").
> +   These are saved on the record_full_instruction struct, which also
> +   contains some extra information, such as delivered signals.  */
> 
>  struct record_full_mem_entry
>  {
> @@ -112,47 +112,14 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
>    } u;
>  };
> 
> -struct record_full_end_entry
> -{
> -  enum gdb_signal sigval;
> -  ULONGEST insn_num;
> -};
> -
>  enum record_full_type
>  {
> -  record_full_end = 0,
>    record_full_reg,
>    record_full_mem
>  };
> 
> -/* This is the data structure that makes up the execution log.
> -
> -   The execution log consists of a single linked list of entries
> -   of type "struct record_full_entry".  It is doubly linked so that it
> -   can be traversed in either direction.
> -
> -   The start of the list is anchored by a struct called
> -   "record_full_first".  The pointer "record_full_list" either points
> -   to the last entry that was added to the list (in record mode), or to
> -   the next entry in the list that will be executed (in replay mode).
> -
> -   Each list element (struct record_full_entry), in addition to next
> -   and prev pointers, consists of a union of three entry types: mem,
> -   reg, and end.  A field called "type" determines which entry type is
> -   represented by a given list element.
> -
> -   Each instruction that is added to the execution log is represented
> -   by a variable number of list elements ('entries').  The instruction
> -   will have one "reg" entry for each register that is changed by
> -   executing the instruction (including the PC in every case).  It
> -   will also have one "mem" entry for each memory change.  Finally,
> -   each instruction will have an "end" entry that separates it from
> -   the changes associated with the next instruction.  */
> -
>  struct record_full_entry
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *prev;
> -  struct record_full_entry *next;
>    enum record_full_type type;
>    union
>    {
> @@ -160,11 +127,31 @@ struct record_full_entry
>      struct record_full_reg_entry reg;
>      /* mem */
>      struct record_full_mem_entry mem;
> -    /* end */
> -    struct record_full_end_entry end;
>    } u;
>  };
> 
> +/* This is the main structure that comprises the execution log.
> +   Each instruction is comprised of:
> +   * The instruction number: How many instructions were recorded before
> +     this one;
> +   * sigval: Whether the inferior received a signal while the following
> +     instruction was being recorded;
> +   * effects: A list of record_full_entry structures, each of which
> +     describing one effect that the instruction has on the inferior.
> +
> +   Note, the signal is stored in the previous instruction for historical
> +   reasons.  This is how it was first implemented, and no one has gotten
> +   around to changing it yet.  */
> +
> +struct record_full_instruction
> +{
> +  /* This might be different from the index if
> +     we had to remove the first few instructions.  */
> +  uint32_t insn_num;
> +  std::optional<gdb_signal> sigval;
> +  std::vector<record_full_entry> effects;
> +};
> +
>  /* If true, query if PREC cannot record memory
>     change of next instruction.  */
>  bool record_full_memory_query = false;
> @@ -181,27 +168,25 @@ static detached_regcache
> *record_full_core_regbuf = NULL;
>  static std::vector<target_section> record_full_core_sections;
>  static struct record_full_core_buf_entry *record_full_core_buf_list = NULL;
> 
> -/* The following variables are used for managing the linked list that
> -   represents the execution log.
> +/* The following variables are used for managing the history of executed
> +   instructions from the inferior.
> 
> -   record_full_first is the anchor that holds down the beginning of
> -   the list.
> +   record_full_list contains all instructions that were fully executed and
> +   saved to the log, so that we can replay the execution.
> 
> -   record_full_list serves two functions:
> -     1) In record mode, it anchors the end of the list.
> -     2) In replay mode, it traverses the list and points to
> -	the next instruction that must be emulated.
> +   record_full_next_insn always points to the next instruction that would
> +   be executed if the inferior executes forward.  In the special case when
> +   the inferior is not replaying, record_full_next_insn points past the
> +   end of the history.
> 
> -   record_full_arch_list_head and record_full_arch_list_tail are used
> -   to manage a separate list, which is used to build up the change
> -   elements of the currently executing instruction during record mode.
> -   When this instruction has been completely annotated in the "arch
> -   list", it will be appended to the main execution log.  */
> +   record_full_incomplete_instruction holds a partial instruction, while
> +   the lower target is disassembling the instruction, or as partial xfers are
> +   happening.  It is manipulated by the "arch list" functions for historical
> +   reasons.  */
> 
> -static struct record_full_entry record_full_first;
> -static struct record_full_entry *record_full_list = &record_full_first;
> -static struct record_full_entry *record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
> -static struct record_full_entry *record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
> +static std::deque<record_full_instruction> record_full_list;
> +static record_full_instruction record_full_incomplete_instruction;
> +static int record_full_next_insn;
> 
>  /* true ask user. false auto delete the last struct record_full_entry.  */
>  static bool record_full_stop_at_limit = true;
> @@ -361,6 +346,16 @@ record_full_target::kill ()
>    record_kill (this);
>  }
> 
> +/* Reset the incomplete instruction.  */
> +
> +static void
> +record_full_reset_incomplete ()
> +{
> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.clear ();
> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval.reset ();
> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = 0;
> +}
> +
>  /* See record-full.h.  */
> 
>  int
> @@ -390,156 +385,126 @@ static struct cmd_list_element
> *show_record_full_cmdlist;
>  /* Command list for "record full".  */
>  static struct cmd_list_element *record_full_cmdlist;
> 
> -static void record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry *entry,
> +static void record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
>  				   enum exec_direction_kind dir);
> 
> -/* Alloc and free functions for record_full_reg, record_full_mem, and
> -   record_full_end entries.  */
> +/* Initialization and cleanup functions for record_full_reg and
> +   record_full_mem entries.  */
> 
> -/* Alloc a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> +/* Init a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> 
> -static inline struct record_full_entry *
> -record_full_reg_alloc (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
> +static inline record_full_entry
> +record_full_reg_init (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
> +  record_full_entry rec;
>    struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
> 
> -  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
> -  rec->type = record_full_reg;
> -  rec->u.reg.num = regnum;
> -  rec->u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
> -  if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
> -    rec->u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec->u.reg.len);
> +  rec.type = record_full_reg;
> +  rec.u.reg.num = regnum;
> +  rec.u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
> +  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
> +    rec.u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec.u.reg.len);
> 
>    return rec;
>  }
> 
> -/* Free a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> +/* Cleanup a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> 
>  static inline void
> -record_full_reg_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
> +record_full_reg_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
>  {
> -  gdb_assert (rec->type == record_full_reg);
> -  if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
> -    xfree (rec->u.reg.u.ptr);
> -  xfree (rec);
> +  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_reg);
> +  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
> +    xfree (rec.u.reg.u.ptr);
>  }
> 
> -/* Alloc a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> +/* Init a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> 
> -static inline struct record_full_entry *
> -record_full_mem_alloc (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
> +static inline record_full_entry
> +record_full_mem_init (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
> +  record_full_entry rec;
> 
> -  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
> -  rec->type = record_full_mem;
> -  rec->u.mem.addr = addr;
> -  rec->u.mem.len = len;
> -  if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
> -    rec->u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
> +  rec.type = record_full_mem;
> +  rec.u.mem.addr = addr;
> +  rec.u.mem.len = len;
> +  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
> +    rec.u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
> +  rec.u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 0;
> 
>    return rec;
>  }
> 
> -/* Free a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> +/* Cleanup a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> 
>  static inline void
> -record_full_mem_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
> +record_full_mem_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
>  {
> -  gdb_assert (rec->type == record_full_mem);
> -  if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
> -    xfree (rec->u.mem.u.ptr);
> -  xfree (rec);
> +  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_mem);
> +  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
> +    xfree (rec.u.mem.u.ptr);
>  }
> 
> -/* Alloc a record_full_end record entry.  */
> -
> -static inline struct record_full_entry *
> -record_full_end_alloc (void)
> -{
> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
> -
> -  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
> -  rec->type = record_full_end;
> -
> -  return rec;
> -}
> -
> -/* Free a record_full_end record entry.  */
> +/* Free one record entry, any type.  */
> 
>  static inline void
> -record_full_end_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
> -{
> -  xfree (rec);
> -}
> -
> -/* Free one record entry, any type.
> -   Return entry->type, in case caller wants to know.  */
> -
> -static inline enum record_full_type
> -record_full_entry_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
> +record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
>  {
> -  enum record_full_type type = rec->type;
> 
> -  switch (type) {
> +  switch (rec.type) {
>    case record_full_reg:
> -    record_full_reg_release (rec);
> +    record_full_reg_cleanup (rec);
>      break;
>    case record_full_mem:
> -    record_full_mem_release (rec);
> -    break;
> -  case record_full_end:
> -    record_full_end_release (rec);
> +    record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
>      break;
>    }
> -  return type;
>  }
> 
> -/* Free all record entries in list pointed to by REC.  */
> -
>  static void
> -record_full_list_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
> +record_full_reset_history ()
>  {
> -  if (!rec)
> -    return;
> -
> -  while (rec->next)
> -    rec = rec->next;
> +  record_full_insn_num = 0;
> +  record_full_insn_count = 0;
> +  record_full_next_insn = 0;
> 
> -  while (rec->prev)
> +  for (auto &insn : record_full_list)
>      {
> -      rec = rec->prev;
> -      record_full_entry_release (rec->next);
> +      for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
> +	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
>      }
> 
> -  if (rec == &record_full_first)
> +  record_full_list.clear ();
> +}
> +
> +/* Release all record entries after the INDEXth entry in the log.  */
> +
> +static void
> +record_full_list_release_following (int index)
> +{
> +  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)

Can we get here with an empty list ? Then we should add a guard here, too.
Otherwise, if that shouldn't happen maybe an assert would make sense?

>      {
> -      record_full_insn_num = 0;
> -      record_full_first.next = NULL;
> +      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
> +	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> +      record_full_list.pop_back ();
>      }
> -  else
> -    record_full_entry_release (rec);
> +  /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
> +     start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
> +  record_full_next_insn = index;
>  }
> 
> -/* Free all record entries forward of the given list position.  */
> +/* Save the incomplete instruction in the log.  */
> 
>  static void
> -record_full_list_release_following (struct record_full_entry *rec)
> +record_full_save_instruction ()
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *tmp = rec->next;
> +  ++record_full_insn_count;
> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = record_full_insn_count;
> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.shrink_to_fit ();
> +  record_full_list.push_back (std::move (record_full_incomplete_instruction));
> +  record_full_next_insn++;
> 
> -  rec->next = NULL;
> -  while (tmp)
> -    {
> -      rec = tmp->next;
> -      if (record_full_entry_release (tmp) == record_full_end)
> -	{
> -	  record_full_insn_num--;
> -	  record_full_insn_count--;
> -	}
> -      tmp = rec;
> -    }
> +  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>  }
> 
>  /* Delete the first instruction from the beginning of the log, to make
> @@ -550,52 +515,22 @@ record_full_list_release_following (struct
> record_full_entry *rec)
>  static void
>  record_full_list_release_first (void)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *tmp;
> -
> -  if (!record_full_first.next)
> +  if (record_full_list.empty ())
>      return;
> 
> -  /* Loop until a record_full_end.  */
> -  while (1)
> -    {
> -      /* Cut record_full_first.next out of the linked list.  */
> -      tmp = record_full_first.next;
> -      record_full_first.next = tmp->next;
> -      tmp->next->prev = &record_full_first;
> -
> -      /* tmp is now isolated, and can be deleted.  */
> -      if (record_full_entry_release (tmp) == record_full_end)
> -	break;	/* End loop at first record_full_end.  */
> +  for (auto &entry : record_full_list[0].effects)
> +    record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> 
> -      if (!record_full_first.next)
> -	{
> -	  gdb_assert (record_full_insn_num == 1);
> -	  break;	/* End loop when list is empty.  */
> -	}
> -    }
> +  record_full_list.pop_front ();
> +  --record_full_next_insn;
>  }
> 
>  /* Add a struct record_full_entry to record_full_arch_list.  */
> 
>  static void
> -record_full_arch_list_add (struct record_full_entry *rec)
> +record_full_arch_list_add (record_full_entry &rec)
>  {
> -  if (record_debug > 1)
> -    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -		"Process record: record_full_arch_list_add %s.\n",
> -		host_address_to_string (rec));
> -
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_tail)
> -    {
> -      record_full_arch_list_tail->next = rec;
> -      rec->prev = record_full_arch_list_tail;
> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = rec;
> -    }
> -  else
> -    {
> -      record_full_arch_list_head = rec;
> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = rec;
> -    }
> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (rec);
>  }
> 
>  /* Return the value storage location of a record entry.  */
> @@ -613,7 +548,6 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>        return rec->u.reg.u.ptr;
>      else
>        return rec->u.reg.u.buf;
> -  case record_full_end:
>    default:
>      gdb_assert_not_reached ("unexpected record_full_entry type");
>      return NULL;
> @@ -625,7 +559,7 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>  int
>  record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
> +  record_full_entry rec;
> 
>    if (record_debug > 1)
>      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> @@ -633,9 +567,9 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
> *regcache, int regnum)
>  		"record list.\n",
>  		regnum);
> 
> -  rec = record_full_reg_alloc (regcache, regnum);
> +  rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
> 
> -  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (rec));
> +  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (&rec));
> 
>    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> 
> @@ -648,7 +582,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
> *regcache, int regnum)
>  int
>  record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
> +  record_full_entry rec;
> 
>    if (record_debug > 1)
>      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> @@ -659,12 +593,12 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr,
> int len)
>    if (!addr)	/* FIXME: Why?  Some arch must permit it...  */
>      return 0;
> 
> -  rec = record_full_mem_alloc (addr, len);
> +  rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> 
>    if (record_read_memory (current_inferior ()->arch (), addr,
> -			  record_full_get_loc (rec), len))
> +			  record_full_get_loc (&rec), len))
>      {
> -      record_full_mem_release (rec);
> +      record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
>        return -1;
>      }
> 
> @@ -673,27 +607,6 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr,
> int len)
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> -/* Add a record_full_end type struct record_full_entry to
> -   record_full_arch_list.  */
> -
> -int
> -record_full_arch_list_add_end (void)
> -{
> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
> -
> -  if (record_debug > 1)
> -    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -		"Process record: add end to arch list.\n");
> -
> -  rec = record_full_end_alloc ();
> -  rec->u.end.sigval = GDB_SIGNAL_0;
> -  rec->u.end.insn_num = ++record_full_insn_count;
> -
> -  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> -
> -  return 0;
> -}
> -
>  static void
>  record_full_check_insn_num (void)
>  {
> @@ -725,8 +638,7 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache,
> enum gdb_signal signal)
> 
>    try
>      {
> -      record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
> 
>        /* Check record_full_insn_num.  */
>        record_full_check_insn_num ();
> @@ -746,20 +658,16 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache,
> enum gdb_signal signal)
>  	 the user says something different, like "deliver this signal"
>  	 during the replay mode).
> 
> -	 User should understand that nothing he does during the replay
> -	 mode will change the behavior of the child.  If he tries,
> +	 User should understand that nothing they do during the replay
> +	 mode will change the behavior of the child.  If they try,
>  	 then that is a user error.
> 
>  	 But we should still deliver the signal to gdb during the replay,
>  	 if we delivered it during the recording.  Therefore we should
>  	 record the signal during record_full_wait, not
>  	 record_full_resume.  */
> -      if (record_full_list != &record_full_first)  /* FIXME better way
> -						      to check */
> -	{
> -	  gdb_assert (record_full_list->type == record_full_end);
> -	  record_full_list->u.end.sigval = signal;
> -	}
> +      if (signal != GDB_SIGNAL_0 && !record_full_list.empty ())
> +	record_full_list[record_full_next_insn - 1].sigval = signal;
> 
>        if (signal == GDB_SIGNAL_0
>  	  || !gdbarch_process_record_signal_p (gdbarch))
> @@ -778,13 +686,11 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache,
> enum gdb_signal signal)
>      }
>    catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
>      {
> -      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>        throw;
>      }
> 
> -  record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
> -  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
> -  record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
> +  record_full_save_instruction ();
> 
>    if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
>      record_full_list_release_first ();
> @@ -829,9 +735,9 @@ static enum target_stop_reason
> record_full_stop_reason
>     entries and memory entries, followed by an 'end' entry.  */
> 
>  static inline void
> -record_full_exec_insn (struct regcache *regcache,
> -		       struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> -		       struct record_full_entry *entry)
> +record_full_exec_entry (regcache *regcache,
> +			gdbarch *gdbarch,
> +			record_full_entry *entry)
>  {
>    switch (entry->type)
>      {
> @@ -909,6 +815,17 @@ record_full_exec_insn (struct regcache *regcache,
>      }
>  }
> 
> +/* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
> +
> +static inline void
> +record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
> +		       gdbarch *gdbarch,
> +		       record_full_instruction &insn)
> +{
> +  for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
> +    record_full_exec_entry (regcache, gdbarch, &entry);
> +}
> +
>  static void record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd);
> 
>  /* Asynchronous signal handle registered as event loop source for when
> @@ -983,10 +900,7 @@ record_full_open (const char *args, int from_tty)
>    record_preopen ();
> 
>    /* Reset */
> -  record_full_insn_num = 0;
> -  record_full_insn_count = 0;
> -  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
> -  record_full_list->next = NULL;
> +  record_full_reset_history ();
> 
>    bfd *cbfd = get_inferior_core_bfd (current_inferior ());
>    if (cbfd != nullptr)
> @@ -1014,7 +928,7 @@ record_full_base_target::close ()
>    if (record_debug)
>      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog, "Process record: record_full_close\n");
> 
> -  record_full_list_release (record_full_list);
> +  record_full_reset_history ();
> 
>    /* Release record_full_core_regbuf.  */
>    if (record_full_core_regbuf)
> @@ -1313,7 +1227,6 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>        struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
>        const address_space *aspace = current_inferior ()->aspace.get ();
>        int continue_flag = 1;
> -      int first_record_full_end = 1;
> 
>        try
>  	{
> @@ -1322,7 +1235,6 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>  	  record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON;
>  	  status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_0);
> 
> -	  /* Check breakpoint when forward execute.  */
>  	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD)
>  	    {
>  	      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
> @@ -1344,10 +1256,10 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>  	     the signal.  */
>  	  target_terminal::ours ();
> 
> -	  /* In EXEC_FORWARD mode, record_full_list points to the tail of prev
> -	     instruction.  */
> -	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD && record_full_list->next)
> -	    record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
> +	  /* In EXEC_FORWARD mode, record_full_next_insn is the next
> +	     instruction to be executed.  */
> +	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> +	    record_full_next_insn--;
> 
>  	  /* Loop over the record_full_list, looking for the next place to
>  	     stop.  */
> @@ -1355,108 +1267,92 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>  	    {
>  	      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
>  	      if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE
> -		  && record_full_list == &record_full_first)
> +		  && record_full_next_insn < 0)
>  		{
>  		  /* Hit beginning of record log in reverse.  */
>  		  status->set_no_history ();
> +		  record_full_next_insn = 0;
>  		  break;
>  		}
>  	      if (execution_direction != EXEC_REVERSE
> -		  && !record_full_list->next)
> +		  && record_full_next_insn == record_full_list.size ())
>  		{
>  		  /* Hit end of record log going forward.  */
>  		  status->set_no_history ();
>  		  break;
>  		}
> 
> -	      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
> +	      record_full_exec_insn
> +		(regcache, gdbarch,
> +		 record_full_list[record_full_next_insn]);
> 
> -	      if (record_full_list->type == record_full_end)
> +	      /* step */
> +	      if (record_full_resume_step)
>  		{
>  		  if (record_debug > 1)
> -		    gdb_printf
> -		      (gdb_stdlog,
> -		       "Process record: record_full_end %s to "
> -		       "inferior.\n",
> -		       host_address_to_string (record_full_list));
> -
> -		  if (first_record_full_end
> -		      && execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> -		    {
> -		      /* When reverse execute, the first
> -			 record_full_end is the part of current
> -			 instruction.  */
> -		      first_record_full_end = 0;
> -		    }
> -		  else
> -		    {
> -		      /* In EXEC_REVERSE mode, this is the
> -			 record_full_end of prev instruction.  In
> -			 EXEC_FORWARD mode, this is the
> -			 record_full_end of current instruction.  */
> -		      /* step */
> -		      if (record_full_resume_step)
> -			{
> -			  if (record_debug > 1)
> -			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -					"Process record: step.\n");
> -			  continue_flag = 0;
> -			}
> -
> -		      /* check breakpoint */
> -		      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
> -		      if (record_check_stopped_by_breakpoint
> -			  (aspace, tmp_pc, &record_full_stop_reason))
> -			{
> -			  if (record_debug)
> -			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -					"Process record: break "
> -					"at %s.\n",
> -					paddress (gdbarch, tmp_pc));
> +		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +				"Process record: step.\n");
> +		  continue_flag = 0;
> +		}
> 
> -			  continue_flag = 0;
> -			}
> +	      /* check breakpoint */
> +	      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
> +	      if (record_check_stopped_by_breakpoint
> +		  (aspace, tmp_pc, &record_full_stop_reason))
> +		{
> +		  if (record_debug)
> +		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +				"Process record: break "
> +				"at %s.\n",
> +				paddress (gdbarch, tmp_pc));
> 
> -		      if (record_full_stop_reason
> -			  == TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT)
> -			{
> -			  if (record_debug)
> -			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -					"Process record: hit hw "
> -					"watchpoint.\n");
> -			  continue_flag = 0;
> -			}
> -		      /* Check target signal */
> -		      if (record_full_list->u.end.sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
> -			/* FIXME: better way to check */
> -			continue_flag = 0;
> -		    }
> +		  continue_flag = 0;
>  		}
> 
> -	      if (continue_flag)
> +	      if (record_full_stop_reason
> +		  == TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT)
>  		{
> -		  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> -		    {
> -		      if (record_full_list->prev)
> -			record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
> -		    }
> -		  else
> -		    {
> -		      if (record_full_list->next)
> -			record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
> -		    }
> +		  if (record_debug)
> +		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +				"Process record: hit hw "
> +				"watchpoint.\n");
> +		  continue_flag = 0;
>  		}
> +	      if (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].sigval.has_value ())
> +		continue_flag = 0;
> +
> +	      if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> +		record_full_next_insn--;
> +	      else
> +		record_full_next_insn++;
>  	    }
>  	  while (continue_flag);
> 
> +	  if (record_full_next_insn < 0)
> +	    {
> +	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE);
> +	      record_full_next_insn = 0;
> +	    }
> +	  else if (record_full_next_insn > record_full_list.size ())
> +	    {
> +	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD);
> +	      record_full_next_insn = record_full_list.size ();
> +	    }
> +	  /* Reset the current instruction to point to the one to be replayed
> +	     moving forward.  */
> +	  else if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> +	    record_full_next_insn++;
> +
>  	replay_out:
>  	  if (status->kind () == TARGET_WAITKIND_STOPPED)
>  	    {
> +	      int insn = (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD)
> +			 ? record_full_next_insn - 1 : record_full_next_insn;
>  	      if (record_full_get_sig)
>  		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_INT);
> -	      else if (record_full_list->u.end.sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
> -		/* FIXME: better way to check */
> -		status->set_stopped (record_full_list->u.end.sigval);
> +	      else if (record_full_list[insn].sigval.has_value ())
> +		status->set_stopped
> +		  (record_full_list[insn].sigval.value ());
>  	      else
>  		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP);
>  	    }
> @@ -1464,12 +1360,9 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>        catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
>  	{
>  	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> -	    {
> -	      if (record_full_list->next)
> -		record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
> -	    }
> +	    record_full_next_insn++;
>  	  else
> -	    record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
> +	    record_full_next_insn--;
> 
>  	  throw;
>  	}
> @@ -1557,8 +1450,7 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache
> *regcache, int regnum)
>    /* Check record_full_insn_num.  */
>    record_full_check_insn_num ();
> 
> -  record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
> -  record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
> +  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
> 
>    if (regnum < 0)
>      {
> @@ -1568,7 +1460,7 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache
> *regcache, int regnum)
>  	{
>  	  if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, i))
>  	    {
> -	      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
> +	      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>  	      error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
>  	    }
>  	}
> @@ -1577,18 +1469,11 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache
> *regcache, int regnum)
>      {
>        if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, regnum))
>  	{
> -	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
> +	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>  	  error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
>  	}
>      }
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    {
> -      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
> -      error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
> -    }
> -  record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
> -  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
> -  record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
> +  record_full_save_instruction ();
> 
>    if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
>      record_full_list_release_first ();
> @@ -1607,7 +1492,7 @@ record_full_target::store_registers (struct
> regcache *regcache, int regno)
>  	{
>  	  int n;
> 
> -	  /* Let user choose if he wants to write register or not.  */
> +	  /* Let user choose if they want to write register or not.  */
>  	  if (regno < 0)
>  	    n =
>  	      query (_("Because GDB is in replay mode, changing the "
> @@ -1642,7 +1527,7 @@ record_full_target::store_registers (struct
> regcache *regcache, int regno)
>  	    }
> 
>  	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
> -	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
> +	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
>  	}
> 
>        record_full_registers_change (regcache, regno);
> @@ -1675,36 +1560,24 @@ record_full_target::xfer_partial (enum
> target_object object,
>  	    error (_("Process record canceled the operation."));
> 
>  	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
> -	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
> +	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
>  	}
> 
>        /* Check record_full_insn_num */
>        record_full_check_insn_num ();
> 
>        /* Record registers change to list as an instruction.  */
> -      record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>        if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (offset, len))
>  	{
> -	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
> +	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>  	  if (record_debug)
>  	    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>  			"Process record: failed to record "
>  			"execution log.");
>  	  return TARGET_XFER_E_IO;
>  	}
> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -	{
> -	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
> -	  if (record_debug)
> -	    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			"Process record: failed to record "
> -			"execution log.");
> -	  return TARGET_XFER_E_IO;
> -	}
> -      record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
> -      record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
> -      record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
> +      record_full_save_instruction ();
> 
>        if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
>  	record_full_list_release_first ();
> @@ -1865,9 +1738,11 @@ record_full_base_target::get_bookmark (const
> char *args, int from_tty)
>  {
>    char *ret = NULL;
> 
> +  if (record_full_list.empty ())
> +    return (gdb_byte *) ret;
> +
>    /* Return stringified form of instruction count.  */
> -  if (record_full_list && record_full_list->type == record_full_end)
> -    ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num));
> +  ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num));
> 
>    if (record_debug)
>      {
> @@ -1923,30 +1798,22 @@ record_full_base_target::record_method (ptid_t
> ptid)
>  void
>  record_full_base_target::info_record ()
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *p;
> -
>    if (RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY)
>      gdb_printf (_("Replay mode:\n"));
>    else
>      gdb_printf (_("Record mode:\n"));
> 
> -  /* Find entry for first actual instruction in the log.  */
> -  for (p = record_full_first.next;
> -       p != NULL && p->type != record_full_end;
> -       p = p->next)
> -    ;
> -
>    /* Do we have a log at all?  */
> -  if (p != NULL && p->type == record_full_end)
> +  if (!record_full_list.empty ())
>      {
>        /* Display instruction number for first instruction in the log.  */
> -      gdb_printf (_("Lowest recorded instruction number is %s.\n"),
> -		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
> +      gdb_printf (_("Lowest recorded instruction number is %u.\n"),
> +		  record_full_list[0].insn_num);
> 
>        /* If in replay mode, display where we are in the log.  */
>        if (RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY)
> -	gdb_printf (_("Current instruction number is %s.\n"),
> -		    pulongest (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num));
> +	gdb_printf (_("Current instruction number is %u.\n"),
> +		    record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num);
> 
>        /* Display instruction number for last instruction in the log.  */
>        gdb_printf (_("Highest recorded instruction number is %s.\n"),
> @@ -1975,7 +1842,7 @@ record_full_base_target::supports_delete_record ()
>  void
>  record_full_base_target::delete_record ()
>  {
> -  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
> +  record_full_reset_history ();
>  }
> 
>  /* The "record_is_replaying" target method.  */
> @@ -2001,23 +1868,23 @@ record_full_base_target::record_will_replay
> (ptid_t ptid, int dir)
>  /* Go to a specific entry.  */
> 
>  static void
> -record_full_goto_entry (struct record_full_entry *p)
> +record_full_goto_entry (size_t target_insn)
>  {
> -  if (p == NULL)
> +  if (target_insn >= record_full_list.size ())
>      error (_("Target insn not found."));
> -  else if (p == record_full_list)
> +  else if (target_insn == record_full_next_insn)
>      error (_("Already at target insn."));
> -  else if (p->u.end.insn_num > record_full_list->u.end.insn_num)
> +  else if (target_insn > record_full_next_insn)
>      {
>        gdb_printf (_("Go forward to insn number %s\n"),
> -		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
> -      record_full_goto_insn (p, EXEC_FORWARD);
> +		  pulongest (record_full_list[target_insn].insn_num));
> +      record_full_goto_insn (target_insn, EXEC_FORWARD);
>      }
>    else
>      {
>        gdb_printf (_("Go backward to insn number %s\n"),
> -		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
> -      record_full_goto_insn (p, EXEC_REVERSE);
> +		  pulongest (target_insn));
> +      record_full_goto_insn (target_insn, EXEC_REVERSE);
>      }
> 
>    registers_changed ();
> @@ -2033,13 +1900,7 @@ record_full_goto_entry (struct record_full_entry
> *p)
>  void
>  record_full_base_target::goto_record_begin ()
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
> -
> -  for (p = &record_full_first; p != NULL; p = p->next)
> -    if (p->type == record_full_end)
> -      break;
> -
> -  record_full_goto_entry (p);
> +  record_full_goto_entry (0);
>  }
> 
>  /* The "goto_record_end" target method.  */
> @@ -2047,15 +1908,7 @@ record_full_base_target::goto_record_begin ()
>  void
>  record_full_base_target::goto_record_end ()
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
> -
> -  for (p = record_full_list; p->next != NULL; p = p->next)
> -    ;
> -  for (; p!= NULL; p = p->prev)
> -    if (p->type == record_full_end)
> -      break;
> -
> -  record_full_goto_entry (p);
> +  record_full_goto_entry (record_full_list.size () - 1);
>  }
> 
>  /* The "goto_record" target method.  */
> @@ -2063,13 +1916,7 @@ record_full_base_target::goto_record_end ()
>  void
>  record_full_base_target::goto_record (ULONGEST target_insn)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
> -
> -  for (p = &record_full_first; p != NULL; p = p->next)
> -    if (p->type == record_full_end && p->u.end.insn_num == target_insn)
> -      break;
> -
> -  record_full_goto_entry (p);
> +  record_full_goto_entry (target_insn);
>  }
> 
>  /* The "record_stop_replaying" target method.  */
> @@ -2345,13 +2192,12 @@ static void
>  record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>  {
>    uint32_t magic;
> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>    asection *osec;
>    uint32_t osec_size;
>    int bfd_offset = 0;
> 
>    /* "record_full_restore" can only be called when record list is empty.  */
> -  gdb_assert (record_full_first.next == NULL);
> +  gdb_assert (record_full_list.empty ());
> 
>    if (record_debug)
>      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog, "Restoring recording from core file.\n");
> @@ -2379,124 +2225,118 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>  		"RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC (0x%s)\n",
>  		phex_nz (netorder32 (magic), 4));
> 
> -  /* Restore the entries in recfd into record_full_arch_list_head and
> -     record_full_arch_list_tail.  */
> -  record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
> -  record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
>    record_full_insn_num = 0;
> 
>    try
>      {
>        regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
> 
> -      while (1)
> +      while (bfd_offset < osec_size)
>  	{
> -	  uint8_t rectype;
> -	  uint32_t regnum, len, signal, count;
> +	  uint8_t rectype, sigval;
> +	  uint32_t regnum, len, eff_count, insn_num;
>  	  uint64_t addr;
> 
> -	  /* We are finished when offset reaches osec_size.  */
> -	  if (bfd_offset >= osec_size)
> -	    break;
> -	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), &bfd_offset);
> +	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
> +
> +	  /* Frst read the generic information for an instruction.  */
> +	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &sigval, sizeof (uint8_t), &bfd_offset);
> +	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &eff_count, sizeof (uint32_t),
> +			&bfd_offset);
> +	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &insn_num, sizeof (uint32_t),
> +			&bfd_offset);
> +
> +	  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = netorder32
> (insn_num);
> +	  if (sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
> +	    record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval = (gdb_signal) sigval;
> +	  eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
> 
> -	  switch (rectype)
> +	  /* This deals with all the side effects.  */
> +	  while (eff_count > 0)
>  	    {
> -	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> -	      /* Get register number to regnum.  */
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
> -			    &bfd_offset);
> -	      regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
> +	      eff_count--;
> 
> -	      rec = record_full_reg_alloc (regcache, regnum);
> +	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype),
> &bfd_offset);
> 
> -	      /* Get val.  */
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (rec),
> -			    rec->u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
> +	      switch (rectype)
> +		{
> +		case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> +		  {
> +		    /* Get register number to regnum.  */
> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
> +				  &bfd_offset);
> +		    regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
> 
> -	      if (record_debug)
> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			    "  Reading register %d (1 "
> -			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -			    rec->u.reg.num,
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> -			    rec->u.reg.len);
> -	      break;
> +		    record_full_entry rec;
> 
> -	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> -	      /* Get len.  */
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len), &bfd_offset);
> -	      len = netorder32 (len);
> +		    rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
> 
> -	      /* Get addr.  */
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
> -	      addr = netorder64 (addr);
> +		    /* Get val.  */
> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> +				  rec.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
> 
> -	      rec = record_full_mem_alloc (addr, len);
> +		    if (record_debug)
> +		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +				  "  Reading register %d (1 "
> +				  "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +				  rec.u.reg.num,
> +				  (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> +				  rec.u.reg.len);
> +
> +		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> +		    break;
> +		  }
> 
> -	      /* Get val.  */
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (rec),
> -			    rec->u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
> +		case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> +		  {
> +		  /* Get len.  */
> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len),
> +				  &bfd_offset);
> +		    len = netorder32 (len);
> 
> -	      if (record_debug)
> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			    "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
> -			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -			    paddress (get_current_arch (),
> -				      rec->u.mem.addr),
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> -			    rec->u.mem.len);
> -	      break;
> +		    /* Get addr.  */
> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr),
> +				  &bfd_offset);
> +		    addr = netorder64 (addr);
> 
> -	    case record_full_end: /* end */
> -	      rec = record_full_end_alloc ();
> -	      record_full_insn_num ++;
> -
> -	      /* Get signal value.  */
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &signal, sizeof (signal),
> -			    &bfd_offset);
> -	      signal = netorder32 (signal);
> -	      rec->u.end.sigval = (enum gdb_signal) signal;
> -
> -	      /* Get insn count.  */
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &count, sizeof (count), &bfd_offset);
> -	      count = netorder32 (count);
> -	      rec->u.end.insn_num = count;
> -	      record_full_insn_count = count + 1;
> -	      if (record_debug)
> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			    "  Reading record_full_end (1 + "
> -			    "%lu + %lu bytes), offset == %s\n",
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (signal),
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (count),
> -			    paddress (get_current_arch (),
> -				      bfd_offset));
> -	      break;
> +		    record_full_entry rec;
> +		    rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> 
> -	    default:
> -	      error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
> -		     styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
> -				    bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
> -	      break;
> +		    /* Get val.  */
> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> +				  len, &bfd_offset);
> +
> +		    if (record_debug)
> +		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +				  "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
> +				  "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +				  paddress (get_current_arch (),
> +					    rec.u.mem.addr),
> +				  (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> +				  (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> +				  rec.u.mem.len);
> +
> +		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> +		    break;
> +		  }
> +
> +		default:
> +		  error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
> +			 styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
> +					bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
> +		  break;
> +		}
>  	    }
> 
> -	  /* Add rec to record arch list.  */
> -	  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> +	  record_full_save_instruction ();
>  	}
>      }
>    catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
>      {
> -      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>        throw;
>      }
> 
> -  /* Add record_full_arch_list_head to the end of record list.  */
> -  record_full_first.next = record_full_arch_list_head;
> -  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = &record_full_first;
> -  record_full_arch_list_tail->next = NULL;
> -  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
> -
>    /* Update record_full_insn_max_num.  */
>    if (record_full_insn_num > record_full_insn_max_num)
>      {
> @@ -2505,6 +2345,10 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>  	       record_full_insn_max_num);
>      }
> 
> +  /* When loading a recording, we'll always start at the oldest possible
> +     instruction, no matter where the original recording was stopped.  */
> +  record_full_next_insn = 0;
> +
>    /* Succeeded.  */
>    gdb_printf (_("Restored records from core file %s.\n"),
>  	      bfd_get_filename (&cbfd));
> @@ -2544,7 +2388,6 @@ cmd_record_full_restore (const char *args, int
> from_tty)
>  void
>  record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *cur_record_full_list;
>    uint32_t magic;
>    struct gdbarch *gdbarch;
>    int save_size = 0;
> @@ -2562,9 +2405,6 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char
> *recfilename)
>    /* Arrange to remove the output file on failure.  */
>    gdb::unlinker unlink_file (recfilename);
> 
> -  /* Save the current record entry to "cur_record_full_list".  */
> -  cur_record_full_list = record_full_list;
> -
>    /* Get the values of regcache and gdbarch.  */
>    regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
>    gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
> @@ -2574,34 +2414,27 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
> char *recfilename)
>      = record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set ();
> 
>    /* Reverse execute to the begin of record list.  */
> -  while (1)
> -    {
> -      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
> -      if (record_full_list == &record_full_first)
> -	break;
> -
> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
> -
> -      if (record_full_list->prev)
> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
> -    }
> +  for (int i = record_full_next_insn - 1; i >= 0; i--)
> +    record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch,
> +			   record_full_list[i]);
> 
>    /* Compute the size needed for the extra bfd section.  */
>    save_size = 4;	/* magic cookie */
> -  for (record_full_list = record_full_first.next; record_full_list;
> -       record_full_list = record_full_list->next)
> -    switch (record_full_list->type)
> -      {
> -      case record_full_end:
> -	save_size += 1 + 4 + 4;
> -	break;
> -      case record_full_reg:
> -	save_size += 1 + 4 + record_full_list->u.reg.len;
> -	break;
> -      case record_full_mem:
> -	save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + record_full_list->u.mem.len;
> -	break;
> -      }
> +  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i >= 0; i--)
> +    {
> +      /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
> +      save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
> +      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
> +	switch (entry.type)
> +	  {
> +	  case record_full_reg:
> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.u.reg.len;
> +	    break;
> +	  case record_full_mem:
> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.u.mem.len;
> +	    break;
> +	  }
> +    }
> 
>    /* Make the new bfd section.  */
>    osec = bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (obfd.get (), "precord",
> @@ -2630,39 +2463,54 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
> char *recfilename)
> 
>    /* Save the entries to recfd and forward execute to the end of
>       record list.  */
> -  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
> -  while (1)
> +  for (int i = 0; i < record_full_list.size (); i++)
>      {
> -      /* Save entry.  */
> -      if (record_full_list != &record_full_first)
> +      uint32_t eff_count = (uint32_t) record_full_list[i].effects.size ();
> +      uint32_t insn_num = record_full_list[i].insn_num;
> +      uint8_t sigval = (record_full_list[i].sigval.has_value ())
> +			? record_full_list[i].sigval.value ()
> +			: GDB_SIGNAL_0;
> +
> +      /* Signal.  */
> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &sigval, sizeof (sigval), &bfd_offset);
> +      /* Number of effects.  */
> +      eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &eff_count, sizeof (eff_count),
> +		     &bfd_offset);
> +      /* Instructio number.  */

Nit: there is an n missing.

> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &insn_num, sizeof (insn_num),
> +		     &bfd_offset);
> +
> +      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
>  	{
> +	  /* Save entry.  */
>  	  uint8_t type;
> -	  uint32_t regnum, len, signal, count;
> +	  uint32_t regnum, len;
>  	  uint64_t addr;
> 
> -	  type = record_full_list->type;
> +	  type = entry.type;
>  	  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), &bfd_offset);
> 
> -	  switch (record_full_list->type)
> +	  switch (entry.type)
>  	    {
>  	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
>  	      if (record_debug)
>  		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>  			    "  Writing register %d (1 "
>  			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -			    record_full_list->u.reg.num,
> +			    entry.u.reg.num,
>  			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> -			    record_full_list->u.reg.len);
> +			    entry.u.reg.len);
> 
>  	      /* Write regnum.  */
> -	      regnum = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.reg.num);
> +	      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
>  	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
>  			     sizeof (regnum), &bfd_offset);
> 
>  	      /* Write regval.  */
>  	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> -			     record_full_get_loc (record_full_list),
> -			     record_full_list->u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
> +			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> +			     entry.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
>  	      break;
> 
>  	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> @@ -2671,67 +2519,31 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
> char *recfilename)
>  			    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
>  			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>  			    paddress (gdbarch,
> -				      record_full_list->u.mem.addr),
> +				      entry.u.mem.addr),
>  			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>  			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> -			    record_full_list->u.mem.len);
> +			    entry.u.mem.len);
> 
>  	      /* Write memlen.  */
> -	      len = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.mem.len);
> +	      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
>  	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
>  			     &bfd_offset);
> 
>  	      /* Write memaddr.  */
> -	      addr = netorder64 (record_full_list->u.mem.addr);
> +	      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
>  	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
>  			     sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
> 
>  	      /* Write memval.  */
>  	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> -			     record_full_get_loc (record_full_list),
> -			     record_full_list->u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
> +			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> +			     entry.u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
>  	      break;
> -
> -	      case record_full_end:
> -		if (record_debug)
> -		  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			      "  Writing record_full_end (1 + "
> -			      "%lu + %lu bytes)\n",
> -			      (unsigned long) sizeof (signal),
> -			      (unsigned long) sizeof (count));
> -		/* Write signal value.  */
> -		signal = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.end.sigval);
> -		bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &signal,
> -			       sizeof (signal), &bfd_offset);
> -
> -		/* Write insn count.  */
> -		count = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num);
> -		bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &count,
> -			       sizeof (count), &bfd_offset);
> -		break;
>  	    }
>  	}
> 
> -      /* Execute entry.  */
> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
> -
> -      if (record_full_list->next)
> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
> -      else
> -	break;
> -    }
> -
> -  /* Reverse execute to cur_record_full_list.  */
> -  while (1)
> -    {
> -      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
> -      if (record_full_list == cur_record_full_list)
> -	break;
> -
> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
> -
> -      if (record_full_list->prev)
> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
> +      if (i < record_full_next_insn)
> +	record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
>      }
> 
>    unlink_file.keep ();
> @@ -2742,11 +2554,11 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
> char *recfilename)
>  }
> 
>  /* record_full_goto_insn -- rewind the record log (forward or backward,
> -   depending on DIR) to the given entry, changing the program state
> -   correspondingly.  */
> +   depending on DIR) to the entry in position TARGET_INSN in the history,
> +   changing the program state correspondingly.  */
> 
>  static void
> -record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry *entry,
> +record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
>  		       enum exec_direction_kind dir)
>  {
>    scoped_restore restore_operation_disable
> @@ -2757,17 +2569,12 @@ record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry
> *entry,
>    /* Assume everything is valid: we will hit the entry,
>       and we will not hit the end of the recording.  */
> 
> -  if (dir == EXEC_FORWARD)
> -    record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
> -
> -  do
> -    {
> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
> -      if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
> -      else
> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
> -    } while (record_full_list != entry);
> +  if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
> +    for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i > target_insn; i--)
> +      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i - 1]);
> +  else
> +    for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i < target_insn; i++)
> +      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
>  }
> 
>  /* Alias for "target record-full".  */
> @@ -2798,61 +2605,36 @@ set_record_full_insn_max_num (const char
> *args, int from_tty,
>  static void
>  maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
>  {
> -  struct record_full_entry *to_print = record_full_list;
> +  if (record_full_list.empty ())
> +    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
> 
> +  int offset = record_full_next_insn - 1;
> +  /* Reduce the offset by 1 if the record_full_next_insn is after the end
> +     so that we show the last recorded instruction instead of crashing.  */
> +  if (offset == record_full_list.size ())
> +    offset--;
>    if (args != nullptr)
>      {
> -      int offset = value_as_long (parse_and_eval (args));
> -      if (offset > 0)
> -	{
> -	  /* Move forward OFFSET instructions.  We know we found the
> -	     end of an instruction when to_print->type is record_full_end.  */
> -	  while (to_print->next != nullptr && offset > 0)
> -	    {
> -	      to_print = to_print->next;
> -	      if (to_print->type == record_full_end)
> -		offset--;
> -	    }
> -	  if (offset != 0)
> -	    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
> -	}
> -      else
> -	{
> -	  while (to_print->prev != nullptr && offset < 0)
> -	    {
> -	      to_print = to_print->prev;
> -	      if (to_print->type == record_full_end)
> -		offset++;
> -	    }
> -	  if (offset != 0)
> -	    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
> -	}
> +      offset += value_as_long (parse_and_eval (args));
> +      if (offset >= record_full_list.size () || offset < 0)
> +	error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
>      }
> -  gdb_assert (to_print != nullptr);
> +  auto to_print = record_full_list.begin () + offset;
> 
>    gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
> 
> -  /* Go back to the start of the instruction.  */
> -  while (to_print->prev != nullptr && to_print->prev->type != record_full_end)
> -    to_print = to_print->prev;
> -
> -  /* if we're in the first record, there are no actual instructions
> -     recorded.  Warn the user and leave.  */
> -  if (to_print == &record_full_first)
> -    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
> -
> -  while (to_print->type != record_full_end)
> +  for (auto entry : to_print->effects)
>      {
> -      switch (to_print->type)
> +      switch (entry.type)
>  	{
>  	  case record_full_reg:
>  	    {
> -	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, to_print-
> >u.reg.num);
> +	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.u.reg.num);
>  	      value *val
>  		  = value_from_contents (regtype,
> -					 record_full_get_loc (to_print));
> +					 record_full_get_loc (&entry));
>  	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
> -			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, to_print-
> >u.reg.num));
> +			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.u.reg.num));
>  	      struct value_print_options opts;
>  	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
>  	      opts.raw = true;
> @@ -2862,17 +2644,16 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const
> char *args, int from_tty)
>  	    }
>  	  case record_full_mem:
>  	    {
> -	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (to_print);
> +	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (&entry);
>  	      gdb_printf ("%d bytes of memory at address %s changed from:",
> -			  to_print->u.mem.len,
> -			  print_core_address (arch, to_print->u.mem.addr));
> -	      for (int i = 0; i < to_print->u.mem.len; i++)
> +			  entry.u.mem.len,
> +			  print_core_address (arch, entry.u.mem.addr));
> +	      for (int i = 0; i < entry.u.mem.len; i++)
>  		gdb_printf (" %02x", b[i]);
>  	      gdb_printf ("\n");
>  	      break;
>  	    }
>  	}
> -      to_print = to_print->next;
>      }
>  }
> 
> @@ -2880,11 +2661,6 @@ INIT_GDB_FILE (record_full)
>  {
>    struct cmd_list_element *c;
> 
> -  /* Init record_full_first.  */
> -  record_full_first.prev = NULL;
> -  record_full_first.next = NULL;
> -  record_full_first.type = record_full_end;
> -
>    add_target (record_full_target_info, record_full_open);
>    add_deprecated_target_alias (record_full_target_info, "record");
>    add_target (record_full_core_target_info, record_full_open);
> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.h b/gdb/record-full.h
> index 51effe74560..c327d879a8a 100644
> --- a/gdb/record-full.h
> +++ b/gdb/record-full.h
> @@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ enum record_result
> 
>  extern int record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int
> num);
>  extern int record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len);
> -extern int record_full_arch_list_add_end (void);
> 
>  /* Returns true if the process record target is open.  */
>  extern int record_full_is_used (void);
> diff --git a/gdb/riscv-tdep.c b/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
> index 6b5c9c02d46..f5b1f66844c 100644
> --- a/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
> @@ -5466,8 +5466,5 @@ riscv_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
>    if (res != RECORD_SUCCESS)
>      return res;
> 
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
> -
>    return 0;
>  }
> diff --git a/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c b/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
> index e135df94a40..f964889a49f 100644
> --- a/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
> @@ -7138,8 +7138,6 @@ ppc_process_prefix_instruction (int insn_prefix, int
> insn_suffix,
>    if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, PPC_PC_REGNUM))
>      return -1;
> 
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> @@ -7447,8 +7445,6 @@ ppc_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
> 
>    if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, PPC_PC_REGNUM))
>      return -1;
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
> index 3cd6b359d13..6bea30f08dc 100644
> --- a/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
> @@ -910,9 +910,6 @@ s390_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
>    if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (sp, sizeof_rt_sigframe))
>      return -1;
> 
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
> -
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/s390-tdep.c b/gdb/s390-tdep.c
> index f9d7bdd04e4..36ce659ea15 100644
> --- a/gdb/s390-tdep.c
> +++ b/gdb/s390-tdep.c
> @@ -7019,8 +7019,6 @@ s390_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
> struct regcache *regcache,
> 
>    if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, S390_PSWA_REGNUM))
>      return -1;
> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
> -    return -1;
>    return 0;
>  }
> 
> --
> 2.54.0
> 

There are still some code areas that I could not follow completely but I don’t think I’ll get there
anytime soon.:)

So please take my review with a grain of salt.

Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>

Christina
Intel Deutschland GmbH

Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* RE: [PATCH v4 2/8] gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the execution log to corefile
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 2/8] gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the execution log to corefile Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-10 14:40   ` Schimpe, Christina
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Schimpe, Christina @ 2026-06-10 14:40 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Guinevere Larsen, gdb-patches

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> Sent: Dienstag, 2. Juni 2026 16:34
> To: gdb-patches@sourceware.org
> Cc: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> Subject: [PATCH v4 2/8] gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the
> execution log to corefile
> 
> Before this commit, the functions to read and write the execution log to a
> corefile would would have a large section dedicated to handling a single entry
> from the log.  This commit factors out those large sections into their own
> functions, record_full_read_entry_from_bfd and
> record_full_write_entry_to_bfd, respectively.
> 
> There should be no functional changes after this commit.
> ---
>  gdb/record-full.c | 279 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
>  1 file changed, 147 insertions(+), 132 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c index
> a6dfecd7d1f..7cfaab48aef 100644
> --- a/gdb/record-full.c
> +++ b/gdb/record-full.c
> @@ -2186,6 +2186,83 @@ netorder32 (uint32_t input)
>    return ret;
>  }
> 
> +static void
> +record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int
> +*bfd_offset) {
> +  uint8_t rectype;
> +  uint32_t regnum, len;
> +  uint64_t addr;
> +  regcache *cache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
> +
> +  bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), bfd_offset);
> +
> +  switch (rectype)
> +    {
> +    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> +      {
> +	/* Get register number to regnum.  */
> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
> +	regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
> +
> +	record_full_entry rec;
> +
> +	rec = record_full_reg_init (cache, regnum);
> +
> +	/* Get val.  */
> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> +		      rec.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
> +
> +	if (record_debug)
> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		      "  Reading register %d (1 "
> +		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +		      rec.u.reg.num,
> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> +		      rec.u.reg.len);
> +
> +	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> +	break;
> +      }
> +
> +    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> +      {
> +      /* Get len.  */
> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
> +	len = netorder32 (len);
> +
> +	/* Get addr.  */
> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
> +	addr = netorder64 (addr);
> +
> +	record_full_entry rec;
> +	rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> +
> +	/* Get val.  */
> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> +		      len, bfd_offset);
> +
> +	if (record_debug)
> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		      "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
> +		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +		      paddress (get_current_arch (),
> +				rec.u.mem.addr),
> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> +		      rec.u.mem.len);
> +
> +	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> +	break;
> +      }
> +
> +    default:
> +      error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
> +	     styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
> +			    bfd_get_filename (cbfd)));
> +      break;
> +    }
> +}
> +
>  /* Restore the execution log from core file CBFD.  */
> 
>  static void
> @@ -2229,13 +2306,10 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
> 
>    try
>      {
> -      regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
> -
>        while (bfd_offset < osec_size)
>  	{
> -	  uint8_t rectype, sigval;
> -	  uint32_t regnum, len, eff_count, insn_num;
> -	  uint64_t addr;
> +	  uint8_t sigval;
> +	  uint32_t eff_count, insn_num;
> 
>  	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
> 
> @@ -2256,76 +2330,7 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>  	    {
>  	      eff_count--;
> 
> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype),
> &bfd_offset);
> -
> -	      switch (rectype)
> -		{
> -		case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> -		  {
> -		    /* Get register number to regnum.  */
> -		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
> -				  &bfd_offset);
> -		    regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
> -
> -		    record_full_entry rec;
> -
> -		    rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
> -
> -		    /* Get val.  */
> -		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> -				  rec.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
> -
> -		    if (record_debug)
> -		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -				  "  Reading register %d (1 "
> -				  "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -				  rec.u.reg.num,
> -				  (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> -				  rec.u.reg.len);
> -
> -		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> -		    break;
> -		  }
> -
> -		case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> -		  {
> -		  /* Get len.  */
> -		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len),
> -				  &bfd_offset);
> -		    len = netorder32 (len);
> -
> -		    /* Get addr.  */
> -		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr),
> -				  &bfd_offset);
> -		    addr = netorder64 (addr);
> -
> -		    record_full_entry rec;
> -		    rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> -
> -		    /* Get val.  */
> -		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> -				  len, &bfd_offset);
> -
> -		    if (record_debug)
> -		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -				  "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
> -				  "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -				  paddress (get_current_arch (),
> -					    rec.u.mem.addr),
> -				  (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> -				  (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> -				  rec.u.mem.len);
> -
> -		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> -		    break;
> -		  }
> -
> -		default:
> -		  error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
> -			 styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
> -					bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
> -		  break;
> -		}
> +	      record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (&cbfd, osec, &bfd_offset);
>  	    }
> 
>  	  record_full_save_instruction ();
> @@ -2382,6 +2387,71 @@ cmd_record_full_restore (const char *args, int
> from_tty)
>    record_full_open (nullptr, from_tty);  }
> 
> +static void
> +record_full_write_entry_to_bfd (record_full_entry &entry,
> +				gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd,
> +				asection *osec, int *bfd_offset,
> +				gdbarch *gdbarch)
> +{

Could you use const gdb_bfd_ref_ptr &bfd here ?

And usually, gdbarch is the first function parameter, but this probably doesn't really matter.
I'm just so used to it.

> +  /* Save entry.  */
> +  uint8_t type;
> +  uint32_t regnum, len;
> +  uint64_t addr;
> +
> +  type = entry.type;
> +  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), bfd_offset);
> +
> +  switch (entry.type)
> +    {
> +    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> +      if (record_debug)
> +	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		    "  Writing register %d (1 "
> +		    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +		    entry.u.reg.num,
> +		    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> +		    entry.u.reg.len);
> +
> +      /* Write regnum.  */
> +      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
> +		     sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
> +
> +      /* Write regval.  */
> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> +		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> +		     entry.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
> +      break;
> +
> +    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> +      if (record_debug)
> +	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
> +		    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +		    paddress (gdbarch,
> +			      entry.u.mem.addr),
> +		    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> +		    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> +		    entry.u.mem.len);
> +
> +      /* Write memlen.  */
> +      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
> +		     bfd_offset);
> +
> +      /* Write memaddr.  */
> +      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
> +		     sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
> +
> +      /* Write memval.  */
> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> +		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> +		     entry.u.mem.len, bfd_offset);
> +      break;
> +    }
> +}
> +
>  /* Save the execution log to a file.  We use a modified elf corefile
>     format, with an extra section for our data.  */
> 
> @@ -2483,63 +2553,8 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char
> *recfilename)
> 
>        for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
>  	{
> -	  /* Save entry.  */
> -	  uint8_t type;
> -	  uint32_t regnum, len;
> -	  uint64_t addr;
> -
> -	  type = entry.type;
> -	  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), &bfd_offset);
> -
> -	  switch (entry.type)
> -	    {
> -	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> -	      if (record_debug)
> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			    "  Writing register %d (1 "
> -			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -			    entry.u.reg.num,
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> -			    entry.u.reg.len);
> -
> -	      /* Write regnum.  */
> -	      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
> -	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
> -			     sizeof (regnum), &bfd_offset);
> -
> -	      /* Write regval.  */
> -	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> -			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> -			     entry.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
> -	      break;
> -
> -	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> -	      if (record_debug)
> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
> -			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -			    paddress (gdbarch,
> -				      entry.u.mem.addr),
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> -			    entry.u.mem.len);
> -
> -	      /* Write memlen.  */
> -	      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
> -	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
> -			     &bfd_offset);
> -
> -	      /* Write memaddr.  */
> -	      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
> -	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
> -			     sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
> -
> -	      /* Write memval.  */
> -	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> -			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> -			     entry.u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
> -	      break;
> -	    }
> +	  record_full_write_entry_to_bfd (entry, obfd, osec, &bfd_offset,
> +					  gdbarch);
>  	}
> 
>        if (i < record_full_next_insn)
> --
> 2.54.0
> 

Besides the 2 minor optional comments, LGTM:

Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>

Christina

Intel Deutschland GmbH

Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* RE: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-10 14:46   ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-10 19:07     ` Guinevere Larsen
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Schimpe, Christina @ 2026-06-10 14:46 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Guinevere Larsen, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> Sent: Dienstag, 2. Juni 2026 16:34
> To: gdb-patches@sourceware.org
> Cc: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>; Thiago Jung Bauermann
> <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> Subject: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
> 
> This commit adds a constructor, destructor, and some methods to the
> structures record_full_entry, record_full_reg_entry and
> record_full_mem_entry. This is a move to disentangle the internal
> representation of the data and how record-full manipulates it for replaying.
> 
> Along with this change, record_full_entry is changed to use an std::variant,
> since it was basically doing that already, but now we have the stdlibc++ error
> checking to make sure we're only accessing elements we're allowed to.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> ---
>  gdb/record-full.c | 613 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
>  1 file changed, 326 insertions(+), 287 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c index
> a3a31e7276f..73de84372b0 100644
> --- a/gdb/record-full.c
> +++ b/gdb/record-full.c
> @@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
>  #include <optional>
>  #include <deque>
>  #include <signal.h>
> +#include <variant>
> 
>  /* This module implements "target record-full", also known as "process
>     record and replay".  This target sits on top of a "normal" target @@ -92,13
> +93,116 @@ struct record_full_mem_entry
>    CORE_ADDR addr;
>    int len;
>    /* Set this flag if target memory for this entry
> -     can no longer be accessed.  */
> -  int mem_entry_not_accessible;
> +     can be accessed.  */
> +  bool mem_entry_accessible;
>    union
>    {
>      gdb_byte *ptr;
>      gdb_byte buf[sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
>    } u;
> +
> +  record_full_mem_entry () : addr (0), len (0), mem_entry_accessible
> + (true)  { }
> +
> +  record_full_mem_entry (CORE_ADDR mem_addr, int mem_len)  {
> +    addr = mem_addr;
> +    len = mem_len;
> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> +      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
> +    mem_entry_accessible = true;
> +  }
> +
> +  record_full_mem_entry (record_full_mem_entry &&other)  {
> +    addr = other.addr;
> +    len = other.len;
> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> +    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> +    other.len = 0;
> +  }
> +
> +  ~record_full_mem_entry ()
> +  {
> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> +      delete[] u.ptr;
> +  }
> +
> +  record_full_mem_entry &operator= (record_full_mem_entry &&other)  {
> +    gdb_assert (this != &other);
> +    addr = other.addr;
> +    len = other.len;
> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> +    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> +    other.len = 0;
> +    return *this;
> +  }
> +
> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_mem_entry);
> +
> +  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
> +  {
> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> +      return u.ptr;
> +    else
> +      return u.buf;
> +  }
> +
> +  bool execute (gdbarch *gdbarch)
> +  {
> +    /* Nothing to do if the memory is flagged not_accessible.  */
> +    if (!mem_entry_accessible)
> +      return false;
> +
> +    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
> +
> +    if (record_debug > 1)
> +      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
> +		  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
> +		  host_address_to_string (this),
> +		  paddress (gdbarch, addr),
> +		  len);
> +
> +    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch, addr, buf.data (), len))
> +      mem_entry_accessible = false;
> +    else
> +      {
> +	if (target_write_memory (addr,
> +				 get_loc (),
> +				 len))
> +	  {
> +	    mem_entry_accessible = false;
> +	    if (record_debug)
> +	      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
> +			 "addr = %s len = %d."),
> +		       paddress (gdbarch, addr),
> +		       len);
> +	  }
> +	else
> +	  {
> +	    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
> +
> +	    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
> +	       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
> +	       presently assumes the target beneath supports
> +	       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
> +	       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
> +	       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
> +	       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
> +	       traps.  */
> +	    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
> +		(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (), addr, len))
> +	      return true;
> +	  }
> +      }
> +    return false;
> +  }
>  };
> 
>  struct record_full_reg_entry
> @@ -110,6 +214,71 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
>      gdb_byte *ptr;
>      gdb_byte buf[2 * sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
>    } u;
> +
> +  record_full_reg_entry () : num (0), len (0) { }
> +
> +  record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch *gdbarch, int regnum)  {
> +    num = regnum;
> +    len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> +      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
> +  }
> +
> +  record_full_reg_entry (record_full_reg_entry &&other)  {
> +    num = other.num;
> +    len = other.len;
> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> +    other.len = 0;
> +  }
> +
> +  ~record_full_reg_entry ()
> +  {
> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> +      delete[] u.ptr;
> +  }
> +
> +  record_full_reg_entry &operator=(record_full_reg_entry &&other)  {
> +    gdb_assert (this != &other);
> +    num = other.num;
> +    len = other.len;
> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> +    other.len = 0;
> +    return *this;
> +  }
> +
> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_reg_entry);
> +
> +  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
> +  {
> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> +      return u.ptr;
> +    else
> +      return u.buf;
> +  }
> +
> +  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
> +  {
> +    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
> +
> +    if (record_debug > 1)
> +      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		  "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
> +		  "inferior num = %d.\n",
> +		  host_address_to_string (this),
> +		  num);
> +
> +    regcache->cooked_read (num, buf);
> +    regcache->cooked_write (num, get_loc ());
> +    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
> +    return false;
> +  }
>  };
> 
>  enum record_full_type
> @@ -118,16 +287,88 @@ enum record_full_type
>    record_full_mem
>  };
> 
> -struct record_full_entry
> +class record_full_entry
>  {
> -  enum record_full_type type;
> -  union
> +  std::variant<record_full_reg_entry, record_full_mem_entry> entry;
> +
> +public:
> +  record_full_entry () : entry (record_full_reg_entry ()) {}
> +
> +  /* Constructor for a register entry.  Type is here to make it
> +     easier to recognize it in the constructor calls, it isn't
> +     actually important.  */
> +  record_full_entry (record_full_type reg_type, gdbarch *gdbarch,
> +		     int regnum)
> +  : entry(record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch, regnum))
>    {
> -    /* reg */
> -    struct record_full_reg_entry reg;
> -    /* mem */
> -    struct record_full_mem_entry mem;
> -  } u;
> +    gdb_assert (reg_type == record_full_reg);  }
> +
> +  record_full_entry (record_full_type mem_type, CORE_ADDR addr, int
> + len)
> +  : entry(record_full_mem_entry (addr, len))  {
> +    gdb_assert (mem_type == record_full_mem);  }
> +
> +  record_full_entry (record_full_entry &&other)
> +  : entry (std::move (other.entry))
> +  {
> +  }
> +
> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_entry);
> +
> +  record_full_reg_entry& reg ()
> +  {
> +    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_reg);
> +    return std::get<record_full_reg_entry> (entry);  }
> +
> +  record_full_mem_entry& mem ()
> +  {
> +    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_mem);
> +    return std::get<record_full_mem_entry> (entry);  }
> +
> +  record_full_type type () const
> +  {
> +    switch (entry.index ())
> +    {
> +    case 0:
> +      return record_full_reg;
> +    case 1:
> +      return record_full_mem;
> +    }
> +    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible variant index");  }
> +
> +  /* Get the pointer to the data stored by this entry.  */  gdb_byte
> + *get_loc ()  {
> +    switch (type ())
> +    {
> +    case record_full_reg:
> +      return reg ().get_loc ();
> +    case record_full_mem:
> +      return mem ().get_loc ();
> +    }
> +    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible entry type");  }
> +
> +  /* Execute this entry, swapping the appropriate values from memory or
> +     register and the recorded ones.  Returns TRUE if the execution was
> +     stopped by a watchpoint.  */
> +
> +  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
> +  {
> +    switch (type ())
> +      {
> +      case record_full_reg:
> +	return reg ().execute (regcache);
> +      case record_full_mem:
> +	return mem ().execute (regcache->arch ());
> +      }
> +    return false;
> +  }
>  };
> 
>  /* This is the main structure that comprises the execution log.
> @@ -386,91 +627,12 @@ static struct cmd_list_element
> *record_full_cmdlist;  static void record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
>  				   enum exec_direction_kind dir);
> 
> -/* Initialization and cleanup functions for record_full_reg and
> -   record_full_mem entries.  */
> -
> -/* Init a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> -
> -static inline record_full_entry
> -record_full_reg_init (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum) -{
> -  record_full_entry rec;
> -  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
> -
> -  rec.type = record_full_reg;
> -  rec.u.reg.num = regnum;
> -  rec.u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
> -  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
> -    rec.u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec.u.reg.len);
> -
> -  return rec;
> -}
> -
> -/* Cleanup a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> -
> -static inline void
> -record_full_reg_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
> -  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_reg);
> -  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
> -    xfree (rec.u.reg.u.ptr);
> -}
> -
> -/* Init a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> -
> -static inline record_full_entry
> -record_full_mem_init (CORE_ADDR addr, int len) -{
> -  record_full_entry rec;
> -
> -  rec.type = record_full_mem;
> -  rec.u.mem.addr = addr;
> -  rec.u.mem.len = len;
> -  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
> -    rec.u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
> -  rec.u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 0;
> -
> -  return rec;
> -}
> -
> -/* Cleanup a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> -
> -static inline void
> -record_full_mem_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
> -  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_mem);
> -  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
> -    xfree (rec.u.mem.u.ptr);
> -}
> -
> -/* Free one record entry, any type.  */
> -
> -static inline void
> -record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
> -
> -  switch (rec.type) {
> -  case record_full_reg:
> -    record_full_reg_cleanup (rec);
> -    break;
> -  case record_full_mem:
> -    record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
> -    break;
> -  }
> -}
> -
>  static void
>  record_full_reset_history ()
>  {
>    record_full_insn_count = 0;
>    record_full_next_insn = 0;
> 
> -  for (auto &insn : record_full_list)
> -    {
> -      for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
> -	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> -    }
> -
>    record_full_list.clear ();
>  }
> 
> @@ -480,11 +642,7 @@ static void
>  record_full_list_release_following (int index)  {
>    for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
> -    {
> -      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
> -	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> -      record_full_list.pop_back ();
> -    }
> +    record_full_list.pop_back ();
>    /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
>       start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
>    record_full_next_insn = index;
> @@ -513,9 +671,6 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)
>    if (record_full_list.empty ())
>      return;
> 
> -  for (auto &entry : record_full_list[0].effects)
> -    record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> -
>    record_full_list.pop_front ();
>    --record_full_next_insn;
>  }
> @@ -525,28 +680,7 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)  static void
> record_full_arch_list_add (record_full_entry &rec)  {
> -  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (rec); -}
> -
> -/* Return the value storage location of a record entry.  */ -static inline
> gdb_byte * -record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec) -{
> -  switch (rec->type) {
> -  case record_full_mem:
> -    if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
> -      return rec->u.mem.u.ptr;
> -    else
> -      return rec->u.mem.u.buf;
> -  case record_full_reg:
> -    if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
> -      return rec->u.reg.u.ptr;
> -    else
> -      return rec->u.reg.u.buf;
> -  default:
> -    gdb_assert_not_reached ("unexpected record_full_entry type");
> -    return NULL;
> -  }
> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (std::move
> + (rec));
>  }
> 
>  /* Record the value of a register NUM to record_full_arch_list.  */ @@ -554,7
> +688,7 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)  int
> record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)  {
> -  record_full_entry rec;
> +  record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, regcache->arch (), regnum);
> 
>    if (record_debug > 1)
>      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> @@ -562,9 +696,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
> *regcache, int regnum)
>  		"record list.\n",
>  		regnum);
> 
> -  rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
> -
> -  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (&rec));
> +  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, rec.get_loc ());
> 
>    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> 
> @@ -577,7 +709,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
> *regcache, int regnum)  int  record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR
> addr, int len)  {
> -  record_full_entry rec;
> +  record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
> 
>    if (record_debug > 1)
>      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> @@ -588,14 +720,9 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr,
> int len)
>    if (!addr)	/* FIXME: Why?  Some arch must permit it...  */
>      return 0;
> 
> -  rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> -
>    if (record_read_memory (current_inferior ()->arch (), addr,
> -			  record_full_get_loc (&rec), len))
> -    {
> -      record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
> -      return -1;
> -    }
> +			  rec.get_loc (), len))
> +    return -1;
> 
>    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> 
> @@ -723,91 +850,6 @@ record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set (void)  static
> enum target_stop_reason record_full_stop_reason
>    = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON;
> 
> -/* Execute one instruction from the record log.  Each instruction in
> -   the log will be represented by an arbitrary sequence of register
> -   entries and memory entries, followed by an 'end' entry.  */
> -
> -static inline void
> -record_full_exec_entry (regcache *regcache,
> -			gdbarch *gdbarch,
> -			record_full_entry *entry)
> -{
> -  switch (entry->type)
> -    {
> -    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> -      {
> -	gdb::byte_vector reg (entry->u.reg.len);
> -
> -	if (record_debug > 1)
> -	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -		      "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
> -		      "inferior num = %d.\n",
> -		      host_address_to_string (entry),
> -		      entry->u.reg.num);
> -
> -	regcache->cooked_read (entry->u.reg.num, reg.data ());
> -	regcache->cooked_write (entry->u.reg.num, record_full_get_loc
> (entry));
> -	memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), reg.data (), entry->u.reg.len);
> -      }
> -      break;
> -
> -    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> -      {
> -	/* Nothing to do if the entry is flagged not_accessible.  */
> -	if (!entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible)
> -	  {
> -	    gdb::byte_vector mem (entry->u.mem.len);
> -
> -	    if (record_debug > 1)
> -	      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -			  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
> -			  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
> -			  host_address_to_string (entry),
> -			  paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
> -			  entry->u.mem.len);
> -
> -	    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch,
> -				    entry->u.mem.addr, mem.data (),
> -				    entry->u.mem.len))
> -	      entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
> -	    else
> -	      {
> -		if (target_write_memory (entry->u.mem.addr,
> -					 record_full_get_loc (entry),
> -					 entry->u.mem.len))
> -		  {
> -		    entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
> -		    if (record_debug)
> -		      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
> -				 "addr = %s len = %d."),
> -			       paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
> -			       entry->u.mem.len);
> -		  }
> -		else
> -		  {
> -		    memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), mem.data (),
> -			    entry->u.mem.len);
> -
> -		    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
> -		       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
> -		       presently assumes the target beneath supports
> -		       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
> -		       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
> -		       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
> -		       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
> -		       traps.  */
> -		    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
> -			(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (),
> -			 entry->u.mem.addr, entry->u.mem.len))
> -		      record_full_stop_reason =
> TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
> -		  }
> -	      }
> -	  }
> -      }
> -      break;
> -    }
> -}
> -
>  /* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
> 
>  static inline void
> @@ -816,7 +858,8 @@ record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
>  		       record_full_instruction &insn)  {
>    for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
> -    record_full_exec_entry (regcache, gdbarch, &entry);
> +    if (entry.execute (regcache))
> +      record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
>  }
> 
>  static void record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd); @@ -2193,21 +2236,19
> @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int
> *bfd_offset)
>  	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
>  	regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
> 
> -	record_full_entry rec;
> -
> -	rec = record_full_reg_init (cache, regnum);
> +	record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, cache->arch (), regnum);
> 
>  	/* Get val.  */
> -	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> -		      rec.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (),
> +		      rec.reg ().len, bfd_offset);
> 
>  	if (record_debug)
>  	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>  		      "  Reading register %d (1 "
>  		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -		      rec.u.reg.num,
> +		      rec.reg ().num,
>  		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> -		      rec.u.reg.len);
> +		      rec.reg ().len);
> 
>  	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>  	break;
> @@ -2223,22 +2264,20 @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd,
> asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
>  	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
>  	addr = netorder64 (addr);
> 
> -	record_full_entry rec;
> -	rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> +	record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
> 
>  	/* Get val.  */
> -	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> -		      len, bfd_offset);
> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (), len, bfd_offset);
> 
>  	if (record_debug)
>  	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>  		      "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
>  		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>  		      paddress (get_current_arch (),
> -				rec.u.mem.addr),
> +				rec.mem ().addr),
>  		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>  		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> -		      rec.u.mem.len);
> +		      rec.mem ().len);
> 
>  	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>  	break;
> @@ -2385,57 +2424,56 @@ record_full_write_entry_to_bfd
> (record_full_entry &entry,
>    uint32_t regnum, len;
>    uint64_t addr;
> 
> -  type = entry.type;
> +  type = entry.type ();
>    bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), bfd_offset);
> 
> -  switch (entry.type)
> +  switch (type)
>      {
>      case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> -      if (record_debug)
> -	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -		    "  Writing register %d (1 "
> -		    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -		    entry.u.reg.num,
> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> -		    entry.u.reg.len);
> -
> -      /* Write regnum.  */
> -      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
> -		     sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
> -
> -      /* Write regval.  */
> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> -		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> -		     entry.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
> -      break;
> +      {
> +	auto &reg = entry.reg ();
> +	if (record_debug)
> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		      "  Writing register %d (1 "
> +		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +		      reg.num,
> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> +		      reg.len);
> +
> +	/* Write regnum.  */
> +	regnum = netorder32 (reg.num);
> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
> +bfd_offset);
> +
> +	/* Write regval.  */
> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), reg.len, bfd_offset);
> +	break;
> +      }
> 
>      case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> -      if (record_debug)
> -	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> -		    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
> -		    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> -		    paddress (gdbarch,
> -			      entry.u.mem.addr),
> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> -		    entry.u.mem.len);
> -
> -      /* Write memlen.  */
> -      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
> -		     bfd_offset);
> -
> -      /* Write memaddr.  */
> -      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
> -		     sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
> -
> -      /* Write memval.  */
> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> -		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> -		     entry.u.mem.len, bfd_offset);
> -      break;
> +      {
> +	auto &mem = entry.mem ();
> +	if (record_debug)
> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> +		      "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
> +		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> +		      paddress (gdbarch, mem.addr),
> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> +		      mem.len);
> +
> +	/* Write memlen.  */
> +	len = netorder32 (mem.len);
> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
> +
> +	/* Write memaddr.  */
> +	addr = netorder64 (mem.addr);
> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
> +
> +	/* Write memval.  */
> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), mem.len,
> +		       bfd_offset);
> +	break;
> +      }
>      }
>  }
> 
> @@ -2482,13 +2520,13 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
> char *recfilename)
>        /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
>        save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
>        for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
> -	switch (entry.type)
> +	switch (entry.type ())
>  	  {
>  	  case record_full_reg:
> -	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.u.reg.len;
> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.reg ().len;
>  	    break;
>  	  case record_full_mem:
> -	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.u.mem.len;
> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.mem ().len;
>  	    break;
>  	  }
>      }
> @@ -2621,18 +2659,18 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const
> char *args, int from_tty)
> 
>    gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
> 
> -  for (auto entry : to_print->effects)
> +  for (auto &entry : to_print->effects)
>      {
> -      switch (entry.type)
> +      switch (entry.type ())
>  	{
>  	  case record_full_reg:
>  	    {
> -	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.u.reg.num);
> +	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.reg ().num);
>  	      value *val
>  		  = value_from_contents (regtype,
> -					 record_full_get_loc (&entry));
> +					 entry.get_loc ());
>  	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
> -			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.u.reg.num));
> +			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.reg ().num));
>  	      struct value_print_options opts;
>  	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
>  	      opts.raw = true;
> @@ -2642,11 +2680,12 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const
> char *args, int from_tty)
>  	    }
>  	  case record_full_mem:
>  	    {
> -	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (&entry);
> +	      record_full_mem_entry& mem = entry.mem ();
> +	      gdb_byte *b = entry.get_loc ();
>  	      gdb_printf ("%d bytes of memory at address %s changed from:",
> -			  entry.u.mem.len,
> -			  print_core_address (arch, entry.u.mem.addr));
> -	      for (int i = 0; i < entry.u.mem.len; i++)
> +			  mem.len,
> +			  print_core_address (arch, mem.addr));
> +	      for (int i = 0; i < mem.len; i++)
>  		gdb_printf (" %02x", b[i]);
>  	      gdb_printf ("\n");
>  	      break;
> --
> 2.54.0
> 

It seems that you did not change the code as discussed here:
https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2026-May/227699.html

Would you mind sharing the reason for that? 
In my opinion this is necessary.

Christina




Intel Deutschland GmbH

Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* RE: [PATCH v4 7/8] gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save section
  2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 7/8] gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save section Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-10 14:49   ` Schimpe, Christina
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Schimpe, Christina @ 2026-06-10 14:49 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Guinevere Larsen, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann, Eli Zaretskii

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> Sent: Dienstag, 2. Juni 2026 16:34
> To: gdb-patches@sourceware.org
> Cc: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>; Thiago Jung Bauermann
> <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>; Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
> Subject: [PATCH v4 7/8] gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save
> section
> 
> With the changes to the internal representation of the history, we can no
> longer support the previous record save format. This commit makes it official,
> documenting the new format and changing the magic number.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> Reviewed-By: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
> ---
>  gdb/NEWS          |  4 ++++
>  gdb/record-full.c | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>  2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/gdb/NEWS b/gdb/NEWS
> index 7c8cf9af4c2..4dd3d84c19d 100644
> --- a/gdb/NEWS
> +++ b/gdb/NEWS
> @@ -51,6 +51,10 @@
> 
>  * Support for the binary file format dbx has been removed.
> 
> +* The format for a saved execution record, created when the command
> +  'record save' is used, has been updated, and previous formats are
> +  no longer supported.
> +
>  * When connected to an extended-remote target GDB can now
>    automatically set the 'remote exec-file' in some cases.  GDB will
>    auto set the remote exec-file only if the remote wasn't started with diff --git
> a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c index 0dd4207e0c6..4e8326e1298
> 100644
> --- a/gdb/record-full.c
> +++ b/gdb/record-full.c
> @@ -79,7 +79,8 @@
>    ((record_full_next_insn != record_full_list.size ()) \
>      || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
> 
> -#define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC	netorder32(0x20091016)
> +#define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC_OLD	netorder32(0x20091016)
> +#define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC	netorder32(0x20260415)
> 
>  /* These are the core structs of the process record functionality.
> 
> @@ -2214,6 +2215,27 @@ record_full_core_target::has_execution (inferior
> *inf)
>         8 bytes: memory address (network byte order).
>         n bytes: memory value (n == memory length).
> 
> +   Version 3 (all numbers are in network order).
> +     4 bytes: Magic number (0x20260415).
> +       NOTE: be sure to change whenever this file format changes!
> +
> +    Records:
> +      record_full_instruction:
> +	1 byte: signal.
> +	4 bytes: number of reg and mem entries for this instruction.
> +	4 bytes: instruction sequence number.
> +	4 bytes: PC register ID.
> +	N bytes: PC address of instruction (N == size of PC).
> +	Effects:
> +	  record_full_reg:
> +	    1 byte: record_type (record_full_reg, see enum record_full_type).
> +	    4 bytes: Register ID.
> +	    n bytes: register value (n == actual register size).
> +	  record_full_mem:
> +	    1 byte: record_type (record_full_mem, see enum record_full_type).
> +	    4 bytes: memory length.
> +	    8 bytes: memory address.
> +	    n bytes: memory value (n = memory length).
>  */
> 
>  /* bfdcore_read -- read bytes from a core file section.  */ @@ -2409,9
> +2431,14 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>    /* Check the magic code.  */
>    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &magic, sizeof (magic), &bfd_offset);
>    if (magic != RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC)
> -    error (_("Version mismatch or file format error in core file %ps."),
> -	   styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
> -			  bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
> +    {
> +      if (magic == RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC_OLD)
> +	error (_("This old recording format is no longer supported."));
> +      else
> +	error (_("Version mismatch or file format error in core file %ps."),
> +	       styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
> +			      bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
> +    }
>    if (record_debug)
>      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>  		"  Reading 4-byte magic cookie "
> --
> 2.54.0
> 

LGTM.

Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>

Christina
Intel Deutschland GmbH

Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-10 14:46   ` Schimpe, Christina
@ 2026-06-10 19:07     ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-11  7:21       ` Schimpe, Christina
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-10 19:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Schimpe, Christina, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann

On 6/10/26 11:46 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
>> Sent: Dienstag, 2. Juni 2026 16:34
>> To: gdb-patches@sourceware.org
>> Cc: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>; Thiago Jung Bauermann
>> <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
>> Subject: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
>>
>> This commit adds a constructor, destructor, and some methods to the
>> structures record_full_entry, record_full_reg_entry and
>> record_full_mem_entry. This is a move to disentangle the internal
>> representation of the data and how record-full manipulates it for replaying.
>>
>> Along with this change, record_full_entry is changed to use an std::variant,
>> since it was basically doing that already, but now we have the stdlibc++ error
>> checking to make sure we're only accessing elements we're allowed to.
>>
>> Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
>> ---
>>   gdb/record-full.c | 613 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
>>   1 file changed, 326 insertions(+), 287 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c index
>> a3a31e7276f..73de84372b0 100644
>> --- a/gdb/record-full.c
>> +++ b/gdb/record-full.c
>> @@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
>>   #include <optional>
>>   #include <deque>
>>   #include <signal.h>
>> +#include <variant>
>>
>>   /* This module implements "target record-full", also known as "process
>>      record and replay".  This target sits on top of a "normal" target @@ -92,13
>> +93,116 @@ struct record_full_mem_entry
>>     CORE_ADDR addr;
>>     int len;
>>     /* Set this flag if target memory for this entry
>> -     can no longer be accessed.  */
>> -  int mem_entry_not_accessible;
>> +     can be accessed.  */
>> +  bool mem_entry_accessible;
>>     union
>>     {
>>       gdb_byte *ptr;
>>       gdb_byte buf[sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
>>     } u;
>> +
>> +  record_full_mem_entry () : addr (0), len (0), mem_entry_accessible
>> + (true)  { }
>> +
>> +  record_full_mem_entry (CORE_ADDR mem_addr, int mem_len)  {
>> +    addr = mem_addr;
>> +    len = mem_len;
>> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
>> +      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
>> +    mem_entry_accessible = true;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_mem_entry (record_full_mem_entry &&other)  {
>> +    addr = other.addr;
>> +    len = other.len;
>> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
>> +    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
>> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
>> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
>> +    other.len = 0;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  ~record_full_mem_entry ()
>> +  {
>> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
>> +      delete[] u.ptr;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_mem_entry &operator= (record_full_mem_entry &&other)  {
>> +    gdb_assert (this != &other);
>> +    addr = other.addr;
>> +    len = other.len;
>> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
>> +    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
>> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
>> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
>> +    other.len = 0;
>> +    return *this;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_mem_entry);
>> +
>> +  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
>> +  {
>> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
>> +      return u.ptr;
>> +    else
>> +      return u.buf;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  bool execute (gdbarch *gdbarch)
>> +  {
>> +    /* Nothing to do if the memory is flagged not_accessible.  */
>> +    if (!mem_entry_accessible)
>> +      return false;
>> +
>> +    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
>> +
>> +    if (record_debug > 1)
>> +      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +		  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
>> +		  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
>> +		  host_address_to_string (this),
>> +		  paddress (gdbarch, addr),
>> +		  len);
>> +
>> +    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch, addr, buf.data (), len))
>> +      mem_entry_accessible = false;
>> +    else
>> +      {
>> +	if (target_write_memory (addr,
>> +				 get_loc (),
>> +				 len))
>> +	  {
>> +	    mem_entry_accessible = false;
>> +	    if (record_debug)
>> +	      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
>> +			 "addr = %s len = %d."),
>> +		       paddress (gdbarch, addr),
>> +		       len);
>> +	  }
>> +	else
>> +	  {
>> +	    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
>> +
>> +	    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
>> +	       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
>> +	       presently assumes the target beneath supports
>> +	       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
>> +	       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
>> +	       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
>> +	       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
>> +	       traps.  */
>> +	    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
>> +		(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (), addr, len))
>> +	      return true;
>> +	  }
>> +      }
>> +    return false;
>> +  }
>>   };
>>
>>   struct record_full_reg_entry
>> @@ -110,6 +214,71 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
>>       gdb_byte *ptr;
>>       gdb_byte buf[2 * sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
>>     } u;
>> +
>> +  record_full_reg_entry () : num (0), len (0) { }
>> +
>> +  record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch *gdbarch, int regnum)  {
>> +    num = regnum;
>> +    len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
>> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
>> +      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_reg_entry (record_full_reg_entry &&other)  {
>> +    num = other.num;
>> +    len = other.len;
>> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
>> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
>> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
>> +    other.len = 0;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  ~record_full_reg_entry ()
>> +  {
>> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
>> +      delete[] u.ptr;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_reg_entry &operator=(record_full_reg_entry &&other)  {
>> +    gdb_assert (this != &other);
>> +    num = other.num;
>> +    len = other.len;
>> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
>> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
>> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
>> +    other.len = 0;
>> +    return *this;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_reg_entry);
>> +
>> +  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
>> +  {
>> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
>> +      return u.ptr;
>> +    else
>> +      return u.buf;
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
>> +  {
>> +    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
>> +
>> +    if (record_debug > 1)
>> +      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +		  "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
>> +		  "inferior num = %d.\n",
>> +		  host_address_to_string (this),
>> +		  num);
>> +
>> +    regcache->cooked_read (num, buf);
>> +    regcache->cooked_write (num, get_loc ());
>> +    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
>> +    return false;
>> +  }
>>   };
>>
>>   enum record_full_type
>> @@ -118,16 +287,88 @@ enum record_full_type
>>     record_full_mem
>>   };
>>
>> -struct record_full_entry
>> +class record_full_entry
>>   {
>> -  enum record_full_type type;
>> -  union
>> +  std::variant<record_full_reg_entry, record_full_mem_entry> entry;
>> +
>> +public:
>> +  record_full_entry () : entry (record_full_reg_entry ()) {}
>> +
>> +  /* Constructor for a register entry.  Type is here to make it
>> +     easier to recognize it in the constructor calls, it isn't
>> +     actually important.  */
>> +  record_full_entry (record_full_type reg_type, gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> +		     int regnum)
>> +  : entry(record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch, regnum))
>>     {
>> -    /* reg */
>> -    struct record_full_reg_entry reg;
>> -    /* mem */
>> -    struct record_full_mem_entry mem;
>> -  } u;
>> +    gdb_assert (reg_type == record_full_reg);  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_entry (record_full_type mem_type, CORE_ADDR addr, int
>> + len)
>> +  : entry(record_full_mem_entry (addr, len))  {
>> +    gdb_assert (mem_type == record_full_mem);  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_entry (record_full_entry &&other)
>> +  : entry (std::move (other.entry))
>> +  {
>> +  }
>> +
>> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_entry);
>> +
>> +  record_full_reg_entry& reg ()
>> +  {
>> +    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_reg);
>> +    return std::get<record_full_reg_entry> (entry);  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_mem_entry& mem ()
>> +  {
>> +    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_mem);
>> +    return std::get<record_full_mem_entry> (entry);  }
>> +
>> +  record_full_type type () const
>> +  {
>> +    switch (entry.index ())
>> +    {
>> +    case 0:
>> +      return record_full_reg;
>> +    case 1:
>> +      return record_full_mem;
>> +    }
>> +    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible variant index");  }
>> +
>> +  /* Get the pointer to the data stored by this entry.  */  gdb_byte
>> + *get_loc ()  {
>> +    switch (type ())
>> +    {
>> +    case record_full_reg:
>> +      return reg ().get_loc ();
>> +    case record_full_mem:
>> +      return mem ().get_loc ();
>> +    }
>> +    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible entry type");  }
>> +
>> +  /* Execute this entry, swapping the appropriate values from memory or
>> +     register and the recorded ones.  Returns TRUE if the execution was
>> +     stopped by a watchpoint.  */
>> +
>> +  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
>> +  {
>> +    switch (type ())
>> +      {
>> +      case record_full_reg:
>> +	return reg ().execute (regcache);
>> +      case record_full_mem:
>> +	return mem ().execute (regcache->arch ());
>> +      }
>> +    return false;
>> +  }
>>   };
>>
>>   /* This is the main structure that comprises the execution log.
>> @@ -386,91 +627,12 @@ static struct cmd_list_element
>> *record_full_cmdlist;  static void record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
>>   				   enum exec_direction_kind dir);
>>
>> -/* Initialization and cleanup functions for record_full_reg and
>> -   record_full_mem entries.  */
>> -
>> -/* Init a record_full_reg record entry.  */
>> -
>> -static inline record_full_entry
>> -record_full_reg_init (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum) -{
>> -  record_full_entry rec;
>> -  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
>> -
>> -  rec.type = record_full_reg;
>> -  rec.u.reg.num = regnum;
>> -  rec.u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
>> -  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
>> -    rec.u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec.u.reg.len);
>> -
>> -  return rec;
>> -}
>> -
>> -/* Cleanup a record_full_reg record entry.  */
>> -
>> -static inline void
>> -record_full_reg_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
>> -  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_reg);
>> -  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
>> -    xfree (rec.u.reg.u.ptr);
>> -}
>> -
>> -/* Init a record_full_mem record entry.  */
>> -
>> -static inline record_full_entry
>> -record_full_mem_init (CORE_ADDR addr, int len) -{
>> -  record_full_entry rec;
>> -
>> -  rec.type = record_full_mem;
>> -  rec.u.mem.addr = addr;
>> -  rec.u.mem.len = len;
>> -  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
>> -    rec.u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
>> -  rec.u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 0;
>> -
>> -  return rec;
>> -}
>> -
>> -/* Cleanup a record_full_mem record entry.  */
>> -
>> -static inline void
>> -record_full_mem_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
>> -  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_mem);
>> -  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
>> -    xfree (rec.u.mem.u.ptr);
>> -}
>> -
>> -/* Free one record entry, any type.  */
>> -
>> -static inline void
>> -record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
>> -
>> -  switch (rec.type) {
>> -  case record_full_reg:
>> -    record_full_reg_cleanup (rec);
>> -    break;
>> -  case record_full_mem:
>> -    record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
>> -    break;
>> -  }
>> -}
>> -
>>   static void
>>   record_full_reset_history ()
>>   {
>>     record_full_insn_count = 0;
>>     record_full_next_insn = 0;
>>
>> -  for (auto &insn : record_full_list)
>> -    {
>> -      for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
>> -	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
>> -    }
>> -
>>     record_full_list.clear ();
>>   }
>>
>> @@ -480,11 +642,7 @@ static void
>>   record_full_list_release_following (int index)  {
>>     for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
>> -    {
>> -      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
>> -	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
>> -      record_full_list.pop_back ();
>> -    }
>> +    record_full_list.pop_back ();
>>     /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
>>        start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
>>     record_full_next_insn = index;
>> @@ -513,9 +671,6 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)
>>     if (record_full_list.empty ())
>>       return;
>>
>> -  for (auto &entry : record_full_list[0].effects)
>> -    record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
>> -
>>     record_full_list.pop_front ();
>>     --record_full_next_insn;
>>   }
>> @@ -525,28 +680,7 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)  static void
>> record_full_arch_list_add (record_full_entry &rec)  {
>> -  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (rec); -}
>> -
>> -/* Return the value storage location of a record entry.  */ -static inline
>> gdb_byte * -record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec) -{
>> -  switch (rec->type) {
>> -  case record_full_mem:
>> -    if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
>> -      return rec->u.mem.u.ptr;
>> -    else
>> -      return rec->u.mem.u.buf;
>> -  case record_full_reg:
>> -    if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
>> -      return rec->u.reg.u.ptr;
>> -    else
>> -      return rec->u.reg.u.buf;
>> -  default:
>> -    gdb_assert_not_reached ("unexpected record_full_entry type");
>> -    return NULL;
>> -  }
>> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (std::move
>> + (rec));
>>   }
>>
>>   /* Record the value of a register NUM to record_full_arch_list.  */ @@ -554,7
>> +688,7 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)  int
>> record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)  {
>> -  record_full_entry rec;
>> +  record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, regcache->arch (), regnum);
>>
>>     if (record_debug > 1)
>>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> @@ -562,9 +696,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
>> *regcache, int regnum)
>>   		"record list.\n",
>>   		regnum);
>>
>> -  rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
>> -
>> -  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (&rec));
>> +  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, rec.get_loc ());
>>
>>     record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>>
>> @@ -577,7 +709,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
>> *regcache, int regnum)  int  record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR
>> addr, int len)  {
>> -  record_full_entry rec;
>> +  record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
>>
>>     if (record_debug > 1)
>>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> @@ -588,14 +720,9 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr,
>> int len)
>>     if (!addr)	/* FIXME: Why?  Some arch must permit it...  */
>>       return 0;
>>
>> -  rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
>> -
>>     if (record_read_memory (current_inferior ()->arch (), addr,
>> -			  record_full_get_loc (&rec), len))
>> -    {
>> -      record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
>> -      return -1;
>> -    }
>> +			  rec.get_loc (), len))
>> +    return -1;
>>
>>     record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>>
>> @@ -723,91 +850,6 @@ record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set (void)  static
>> enum target_stop_reason record_full_stop_reason
>>     = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON;
>>
>> -/* Execute one instruction from the record log.  Each instruction in
>> -   the log will be represented by an arbitrary sequence of register
>> -   entries and memory entries, followed by an 'end' entry.  */
>> -
>> -static inline void
>> -record_full_exec_entry (regcache *regcache,
>> -			gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> -			record_full_entry *entry)
>> -{
>> -  switch (entry->type)
>> -    {
>> -    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
>> -      {
>> -	gdb::byte_vector reg (entry->u.reg.len);
>> -
>> -	if (record_debug > 1)
>> -	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -		      "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
>> -		      "inferior num = %d.\n",
>> -		      host_address_to_string (entry),
>> -		      entry->u.reg.num);
>> -
>> -	regcache->cooked_read (entry->u.reg.num, reg.data ());
>> -	regcache->cooked_write (entry->u.reg.num, record_full_get_loc
>> (entry));
>> -	memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), reg.data (), entry->u.reg.len);
>> -      }
>> -      break;
>> -
>> -    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
>> -      {
>> -	/* Nothing to do if the entry is flagged not_accessible.  */
>> -	if (!entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible)
>> -	  {
>> -	    gdb::byte_vector mem (entry->u.mem.len);
>> -
>> -	    if (record_debug > 1)
>> -	      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -			  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
>> -			  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
>> -			  host_address_to_string (entry),
>> -			  paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
>> -			  entry->u.mem.len);
>> -
>> -	    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch,
>> -				    entry->u.mem.addr, mem.data (),
>> -				    entry->u.mem.len))
>> -	      entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
>> -	    else
>> -	      {
>> -		if (target_write_memory (entry->u.mem.addr,
>> -					 record_full_get_loc (entry),
>> -					 entry->u.mem.len))
>> -		  {
>> -		    entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
>> -		    if (record_debug)
>> -		      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
>> -				 "addr = %s len = %d."),
>> -			       paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
>> -			       entry->u.mem.len);
>> -		  }
>> -		else
>> -		  {
>> -		    memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), mem.data (),
>> -			    entry->u.mem.len);
>> -
>> -		    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
>> -		       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
>> -		       presently assumes the target beneath supports
>> -		       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
>> -		       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
>> -		       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
>> -		       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
>> -		       traps.  */
>> -		    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
>> -			(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (),
>> -			 entry->u.mem.addr, entry->u.mem.len))
>> -		      record_full_stop_reason =
>> TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
>> -		  }
>> -	      }
>> -	  }
>> -      }
>> -      break;
>> -    }
>> -}
>> -
>>   /* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
>>
>>   static inline void
>> @@ -816,7 +858,8 @@ record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
>>   		       record_full_instruction &insn)  {
>>     for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
>> -    record_full_exec_entry (regcache, gdbarch, &entry);
>> +    if (entry.execute (regcache))
>> +      record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
>>   }
>>
>>   static void record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd); @@ -2193,21 +2236,19
>> @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection *osec, int
>> *bfd_offset)
>>   	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
>>   	regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
>>
>> -	record_full_entry rec;
>> -
>> -	rec = record_full_reg_init (cache, regnum);
>> +	record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, cache->arch (), regnum);
>>
>>   	/* Get val.  */
>> -	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
>> -		      rec.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
>> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (),
>> +		      rec.reg ().len, bfd_offset);
>>
>>   	if (record_debug)
>>   	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>>   		      "  Reading register %d (1 "
>>   		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> -		      rec.u.reg.num,
>> +		      rec.reg ().num,
>>   		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
>> -		      rec.u.reg.len);
>> +		      rec.reg ().len);
>>
>>   	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>>   	break;
>> @@ -2223,22 +2264,20 @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd,
>> asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
>>   	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
>>   	addr = netorder64 (addr);
>>
>> -	record_full_entry rec;
>> -	rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
>> +	record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
>>
>>   	/* Get val.  */
>> -	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
>> -		      len, bfd_offset);
>> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (), len, bfd_offset);
>>
>>   	if (record_debug)
>>   	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>>   		      "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
>>   		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>>   		      paddress (get_current_arch (),
>> -				rec.u.mem.addr),
>> +				rec.mem ().addr),
>>   		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>>   		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
>> -		      rec.u.mem.len);
>> +		      rec.mem ().len);
>>
>>   	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>>   	break;
>> @@ -2385,57 +2424,56 @@ record_full_write_entry_to_bfd
>> (record_full_entry &entry,
>>     uint32_t regnum, len;
>>     uint64_t addr;
>>
>> -  type = entry.type;
>> +  type = entry.type ();
>>     bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), bfd_offset);
>>
>> -  switch (entry.type)
>> +  switch (type)
>>       {
>>       case record_full_reg: /* reg */
>> -      if (record_debug)
>> -	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -		    "  Writing register %d (1 "
>> -		    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> -		    entry.u.reg.num,
>> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
>> -		    entry.u.reg.len);
>> -
>> -      /* Write regnum.  */
>> -      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
>> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
>> -		     sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
>> -
>> -      /* Write regval.  */
>> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
>> -		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
>> -		     entry.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
>> -      break;
>> +      {
>> +	auto &reg = entry.reg ();
>> +	if (record_debug)
>> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +		      "  Writing register %d (1 "
>> +		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> +		      reg.num,
>> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
>> +		      reg.len);
>> +
>> +	/* Write regnum.  */
>> +	regnum = netorder32 (reg.num);
>> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
>> +bfd_offset);
>> +
>> +	/* Write regval.  */
>> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), reg.len, bfd_offset);
>> +	break;
>> +      }
>>
>>       case record_full_mem: /* mem */
>> -      if (record_debug)
>> -	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -		    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
>> -		    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> -		    paddress (gdbarch,
>> -			      entry.u.mem.addr),
>> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
>> -		    entry.u.mem.len);
>> -
>> -      /* Write memlen.  */
>> -      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
>> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
>> -		     bfd_offset);
>> -
>> -      /* Write memaddr.  */
>> -      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
>> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
>> -		     sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
>> -
>> -      /* Write memval.  */
>> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
>> -		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
>> -		     entry.u.mem.len, bfd_offset);
>> -      break;
>> +      {
>> +	auto &mem = entry.mem ();
>> +	if (record_debug)
>> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +		      "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
>> +		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> +		      paddress (gdbarch, mem.addr),
>> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
>> +		      mem.len);
>> +
>> +	/* Write memlen.  */
>> +	len = netorder32 (mem.len);
>> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
>> +
>> +	/* Write memaddr.  */
>> +	addr = netorder64 (mem.addr);
>> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
>> +
>> +	/* Write memval.  */
>> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), mem.len,
>> +		       bfd_offset);
>> +	break;
>> +      }
>>       }
>>   }
>>
>> @@ -2482,13 +2520,13 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
>> char *recfilename)
>>         /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
>>         save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
>>         for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
>> -	switch (entry.type)
>> +	switch (entry.type ())
>>   	  {
>>   	  case record_full_reg:
>> -	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.u.reg.len;
>> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.reg ().len;
>>   	    break;
>>   	  case record_full_mem:
>> -	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.u.mem.len;
>> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.mem ().len;
>>   	    break;
>>   	  }
>>       }
>> @@ -2621,18 +2659,18 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const
>> char *args, int from_tty)
>>
>>     gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
>>
>> -  for (auto entry : to_print->effects)
>> +  for (auto &entry : to_print->effects)
>>       {
>> -      switch (entry.type)
>> +      switch (entry.type ())
>>   	{
>>   	  case record_full_reg:
>>   	    {
>> -	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.u.reg.num);
>> +	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.reg ().num);
>>   	      value *val
>>   		  = value_from_contents (regtype,
>> -					 record_full_get_loc (&entry));
>> +					 entry.get_loc ());
>>   	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
>> -			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.u.reg.num));
>> +			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.reg ().num));
>>   	      struct value_print_options opts;
>>   	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
>>   	      opts.raw = true;
>> @@ -2642,11 +2680,12 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const
>> char *args, int from_tty)
>>   	    }
>>   	  case record_full_mem:
>>   	    {
>> -	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (&entry);
>> +	      record_full_mem_entry& mem = entry.mem ();
>> +	      gdb_byte *b = entry.get_loc ();
>>   	      gdb_printf ("%d bytes of memory at address %s changed from:",
>> -			  entry.u.mem.len,
>> -			  print_core_address (arch, entry.u.mem.addr));
>> -	      for (int i = 0; i < entry.u.mem.len; i++)
>> +			  mem.len,
>> +			  print_core_address (arch, mem.addr));
>> +	      for (int i = 0; i < mem.len; i++)
>>   		gdb_printf (" %02x", b[i]);
>>   	      gdb_printf ("\n");
>>   	      break;
>> --
>> 2.54.0
>>
> It seems that you did not change the code as discussed here:
> https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2026-May/227699.html
>
> Would you mind sharing the reason for that?
> In my opinion this is necessary.

I blame the weekend. Leave on friday thinking "I'll do it on monday", 
arrive on monday thinking "I did it last friday".

I made sure to make the change now. Added the asserts that the length is 
0 in the move operator, which means we won't need to worry about freeing 
the memory.

-- 
Cheers,
Guinevere Larsen
It/she

>
> Christina
>
>
>
>
> Intel Deutschland GmbH
>
> Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
> Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
> Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
> Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
> Registered Seat: Munich
> Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928
>


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* RE: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-10 19:07     ` Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-11  7:21       ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-11 17:16         ` Guinevere Larsen
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Schimpe, Christina @ 2026-06-11  7:21 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Guinevere Larsen, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> Sent: Mittwoch, 10. Juni 2026 21:07
> To: Schimpe, Christina <christina.schimpe@intel.com>; gdb-
> patches@sourceware.org
> Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-
> full.c
> 
> On 6/10/26 11:46 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> >> Sent: Dienstag, 2. Juni 2026 16:34
> >> To: gdb-patches@sourceware.org
> >> Cc: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>; Thiago Jung Bauermann
> >> <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> >> Subject: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of
> >> record-full.c
> >>
> >> This commit adds a constructor, destructor, and some methods to the
> >> structures record_full_entry, record_full_reg_entry and
> >> record_full_mem_entry. This is a move to disentangle the internal
> >> representation of the data and how record-full manipulates it for
> replaying.
> >>
> >> Along with this change, record_full_entry is changed to use an
> >> std::variant, since it was basically doing that already, but now we
> >> have the stdlibc++ error checking to make sure we're only accessing
> elements we're allowed to.
> >>
> >> Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> >> ---
> >>   gdb/record-full.c | 613 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------
> >>   1 file changed, 326 insertions(+), 287 deletions(-)
> >>
> >> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c index
> >> a3a31e7276f..73de84372b0 100644
> >> --- a/gdb/record-full.c
> >> +++ b/gdb/record-full.c
> >> @@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
> >>   #include <optional>
> >>   #include <deque>
> >>   #include <signal.h>
> >> +#include <variant>
> >>
> >>   /* This module implements "target record-full", also known as "process
> >>      record and replay".  This target sits on top of a "normal"
> >> target @@ -92,13
> >> +93,116 @@ struct record_full_mem_entry
> >>     CORE_ADDR addr;
> >>     int len;
> >>     /* Set this flag if target memory for this entry
> >> -     can no longer be accessed.  */
> >> -  int mem_entry_not_accessible;
> >> +     can be accessed.  */
> >> +  bool mem_entry_accessible;
> >>     union
> >>     {
> >>       gdb_byte *ptr;
> >>       gdb_byte buf[sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
> >>     } u;
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_mem_entry () : addr (0), len (0), mem_entry_accessible
> >> + (true)  { }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_mem_entry (CORE_ADDR mem_addr, int mem_len)  {
> >> +    addr = mem_addr;
> >> +    len = mem_len;
> >> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> >> +      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
> >> +    mem_entry_accessible = true;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_mem_entry (record_full_mem_entry &&other)  {
> >> +    addr = other.addr;
> >> +    len = other.len;
> >> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> >> +    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
> >> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> >> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> >> +    other.len = 0;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  ~record_full_mem_entry ()
> >> +  {
> >> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> >> +      delete[] u.ptr;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_mem_entry &operator= (record_full_mem_entry &&other)
> {
> >> +    gdb_assert (this != &other);
> >> +    addr = other.addr;
> >> +    len = other.len;
> >> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> >> +    mem_entry_accessible = other.mem_entry_accessible;
> >> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> >> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> >> +    other.len = 0;
> >> +    return *this;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_mem_entry);
> >> +
> >> +  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
> >> +  {
> >> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> >> +      return u.ptr;
> >> +    else
> >> +      return u.buf;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  bool execute (gdbarch *gdbarch)
> >> +  {
> >> +    /* Nothing to do if the memory is flagged not_accessible.  */
> >> +    if (!mem_entry_accessible)
> >> +      return false;
> >> +
> >> +    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
> >> +
> >> +    if (record_debug > 1)
> >> +      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> +		  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
> >> +		  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
> >> +		  host_address_to_string (this),
> >> +		  paddress (gdbarch, addr),
> >> +		  len);
> >> +
> >> +    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch, addr, buf.data (), len))
> >> +      mem_entry_accessible = false;
> >> +    else
> >> +      {
> >> +	if (target_write_memory (addr,
> >> +				 get_loc (),
> >> +				 len))
> >> +	  {
> >> +	    mem_entry_accessible = false;
> >> +	    if (record_debug)
> >> +	      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
> >> +			 "addr = %s len = %d."),
> >> +		       paddress (gdbarch, addr),
> >> +		       len);
> >> +	  }
> >> +	else
> >> +	  {
> >> +	    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
> >> +
> >> +	    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
> >> +	       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
> >> +	       presently assumes the target beneath supports
> >> +	       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
> >> +	       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
> >> +	       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
> >> +	       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
> >> +	       traps.  */
> >> +	    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
> >> +		(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (), addr, len))
> >> +	      return true;
> >> +	  }
> >> +      }
> >> +    return false;
> >> +  }
> >>   };
> >>
> >>   struct record_full_reg_entry
> >> @@ -110,6 +214,71 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
> >>       gdb_byte *ptr;
> >>       gdb_byte buf[2 * sizeof (gdb_byte *)];
> >>     } u;
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_reg_entry () : num (0), len (0) { }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch *gdbarch, int regnum)  {
> >> +    num = regnum;
> >> +    len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
> >> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> >> +      u.ptr = new gdb_byte[len];
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_reg_entry (record_full_reg_entry &&other)  {
> >> +    num = other.num;
> >> +    len = other.len;
> >> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> >> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> >> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> >> +    other.len = 0;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  ~record_full_reg_entry ()
> >> +  {
> >> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> >> +      delete[] u.ptr;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_reg_entry &operator=(record_full_reg_entry &&other)  {
> >> +    gdb_assert (this != &other);
> >> +    num = other.num;
> >> +    len = other.len;
> >> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> >> +    /* With len == 0, OTHER is guaranteed to not try to free the
> >> +       memory when it is destructed.  */
> >> +    other.len = 0;
> >> +    return *this;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_reg_entry);
> >> +
> >> +  gdb_byte *get_loc ()
> >> +  {
> >> +    if (len > sizeof (u.buf))
> >> +      return u.ptr;
> >> +    else
> >> +      return u.buf;
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
> >> +  {
> >> +    gdb::byte_vector buf (len);
> >> +
> >> +    if (record_debug > 1)
> >> +      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> +		  "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
> >> +		  "inferior num = %d.\n",
> >> +		  host_address_to_string (this),
> >> +		  num);
> >> +
> >> +    regcache->cooked_read (num, buf);
> >> +    regcache->cooked_write (num, get_loc ());
> >> +    memcpy (get_loc (), buf.data (), len);
> >> +    return false;
> >> +  }
> >>   };
> >>
> >>   enum record_full_type
> >> @@ -118,16 +287,88 @@ enum record_full_type
> >>     record_full_mem
> >>   };
> >>
> >> -struct record_full_entry
> >> +class record_full_entry
> >>   {
> >> -  enum record_full_type type;
> >> -  union
> >> +  std::variant<record_full_reg_entry, record_full_mem_entry> entry;
> >> +
> >> +public:
> >> +  record_full_entry () : entry (record_full_reg_entry ()) {}
> >> +
> >> +  /* Constructor for a register entry.  Type is here to make it
> >> +     easier to recognize it in the constructor calls, it isn't
> >> +     actually important.  */
> >> +  record_full_entry (record_full_type reg_type, gdbarch *gdbarch,
> >> +		     int regnum)
> >> +  : entry(record_full_reg_entry (gdbarch, regnum))
> >>     {
> >> -    /* reg */
> >> -    struct record_full_reg_entry reg;
> >> -    /* mem */
> >> -    struct record_full_mem_entry mem;
> >> -  } u;
> >> +    gdb_assert (reg_type == record_full_reg);  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_entry (record_full_type mem_type, CORE_ADDR addr, int
> >> + len)
> >> +  : entry(record_full_mem_entry (addr, len))  {
> >> +    gdb_assert (mem_type == record_full_mem);  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_entry (record_full_entry &&other)
> >> +  : entry (std::move (other.entry))
> >> +  {
> >> +  }
> >> +
> >> +  DISABLE_COPY_AND_ASSIGN (record_full_entry);
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_reg_entry& reg ()
> >> +  {
> >> +    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_reg);
> >> +    return std::get<record_full_reg_entry> (entry);  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_mem_entry& mem ()
> >> +  {
> >> +    gdb_assert (type () == record_full_mem);
> >> +    return std::get<record_full_mem_entry> (entry);  }
> >> +
> >> +  record_full_type type () const
> >> +  {
> >> +    switch (entry.index ())
> >> +    {
> >> +    case 0:
> >> +      return record_full_reg;
> >> +    case 1:
> >> +      return record_full_mem;
> >> +    }
> >> +    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible variant index");  }
> >> +
> >> +  /* Get the pointer to the data stored by this entry.  */  gdb_byte
> >> + *get_loc ()  {
> >> +    switch (type ())
> >> +    {
> >> +    case record_full_reg:
> >> +      return reg ().get_loc ();
> >> +    case record_full_mem:
> >> +      return mem ().get_loc ();
> >> +    }
> >> +    gdb_assert_not_reached ("Impossible entry type");  }
> >> +
> >> +  /* Execute this entry, swapping the appropriate values from memory or
> >> +     register and the recorded ones.  Returns TRUE if the execution was
> >> +     stopped by a watchpoint.  */
> >> +
> >> +  bool execute (regcache *regcache)
> >> +  {
> >> +    switch (type ())
> >> +      {
> >> +      case record_full_reg:
> >> +	return reg ().execute (regcache);
> >> +      case record_full_mem:
> >> +	return mem ().execute (regcache->arch ());
> >> +      }
> >> +    return false;
> >> +  }
> >>   };
> >>
> >>   /* This is the main structure that comprises the execution log.
> >> @@ -386,91 +627,12 @@ static struct cmd_list_element
> >> *record_full_cmdlist;  static void record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
> >>   				   enum exec_direction_kind dir);
> >>
> >> -/* Initialization and cleanup functions for record_full_reg and
> >> -   record_full_mem entries.  */
> >> -
> >> -/* Init a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> >> -
> >> -static inline record_full_entry
> >> -record_full_reg_init (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum) -{
> >> -  record_full_entry rec;
> >> -  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
> >> -
> >> -  rec.type = record_full_reg;
> >> -  rec.u.reg.num = regnum;
> >> -  rec.u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
> >> -  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
> >> -    rec.u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec.u.reg.len);
> >> -
> >> -  return rec;
> >> -}
> >> -
> >> -/* Cleanup a record_full_reg record entry.  */
> >> -
> >> -static inline void
> >> -record_full_reg_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
> >> -  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_reg);
> >> -  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
> >> -    xfree (rec.u.reg.u.ptr);
> >> -}
> >> -
> >> -/* Init a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> >> -
> >> -static inline record_full_entry
> >> -record_full_mem_init (CORE_ADDR addr, int len) -{
> >> -  record_full_entry rec;
> >> -
> >> -  rec.type = record_full_mem;
> >> -  rec.u.mem.addr = addr;
> >> -  rec.u.mem.len = len;
> >> -  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
> >> -    rec.u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
> >> -  rec.u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 0;
> >> -
> >> -  return rec;
> >> -}
> >> -
> >> -/* Cleanup a record_full_mem record entry.  */
> >> -
> >> -static inline void
> >> -record_full_mem_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
> >> -  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_mem);
> >> -  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
> >> -    xfree (rec.u.mem.u.ptr);
> >> -}
> >> -
> >> -/* Free one record entry, any type.  */
> >> -
> >> -static inline void
> >> -record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec) -{
> >> -
> >> -  switch (rec.type) {
> >> -  case record_full_reg:
> >> -    record_full_reg_cleanup (rec);
> >> -    break;
> >> -  case record_full_mem:
> >> -    record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
> >> -    break;
> >> -  }
> >> -}
> >> -
> >>   static void
> >>   record_full_reset_history ()
> >>   {
> >>     record_full_insn_count = 0;
> >>     record_full_next_insn = 0;
> >>
> >> -  for (auto &insn : record_full_list)
> >> -    {
> >> -      for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
> >> -	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> >> -    }
> >> -
> >>     record_full_list.clear ();
> >>   }
> >>
> >> @@ -480,11 +642,7 @@ static void
> >>   record_full_list_release_following (int index)  {
> >>     for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
> >> -    {
> >> -      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
> >> -	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> >> -      record_full_list.pop_back ();
> >> -    }
> >> +    record_full_list.pop_back ();
> >>     /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
> >>        start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
> >>     record_full_next_insn = index;
> >> @@ -513,9 +671,6 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)
> >>     if (record_full_list.empty ())
> >>       return;
> >>
> >> -  for (auto &entry : record_full_list[0].effects)
> >> -    record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
> >> -
> >>     record_full_list.pop_front ();
> >>     --record_full_next_insn;
> >>   }
> >> @@ -525,28 +680,7 @@ record_full_list_release_first (void)  static
> >> void record_full_arch_list_add (record_full_entry &rec)  {
> >> -  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (rec); -}
> >> -
> >> -/* Return the value storage location of a record entry.  */ -static
> >> inline gdb_byte * -record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry
> >> *rec) -{
> >> -  switch (rec->type) {
> >> -  case record_full_mem:
> >> -    if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
> >> -      return rec->u.mem.u.ptr;
> >> -    else
> >> -      return rec->u.mem.u.buf;
> >> -  case record_full_reg:
> >> -    if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
> >> -      return rec->u.reg.u.ptr;
> >> -    else
> >> -      return rec->u.reg.u.buf;
> >> -  default:
> >> -    gdb_assert_not_reached ("unexpected record_full_entry type");
> >> -    return NULL;
> >> -  }
> >> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (std::move
> >> + (rec));
> >>   }
> >>
> >>   /* Record the value of a register NUM to record_full_arch_list.  */
> >> @@ -554,7
> >> +688,7 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)  int
> >> record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
> >> {
> >> -  record_full_entry rec;
> >> +  record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, regcache->arch (),
> >> + regnum);
> >>
> >>     if (record_debug > 1)
> >>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> @@ -562,9 +696,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
> >> *regcache, int regnum)
> >>   		"record list.\n",
> >>   		regnum);
> >>
> >> -  rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
> >> -
> >> -  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (&rec));
> >> +  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, rec.get_loc ());
> >>
> >>     record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> >>
> >> @@ -577,7 +709,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
> >> *regcache, int regnum)  int  record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR
> >> addr, int len)  {
> >> -  record_full_entry rec;
> >> +  record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
> >>
> >>     if (record_debug > 1)
> >>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> @@ -588,14 +720,9 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR
> addr,
> >> int len)
> >>     if (!addr)	/* FIXME: Why?  Some arch must permit it...  */
> >>       return 0;
> >>
> >> -  rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> >> -
> >>     if (record_read_memory (current_inferior ()->arch (), addr,
> >> -			  record_full_get_loc (&rec), len))
> >> -    {
> >> -      record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
> >> -      return -1;
> >> -    }
> >> +			  rec.get_loc (), len))
> >> +    return -1;
> >>
> >>     record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> >>
> >> @@ -723,91 +850,6 @@ record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set (void)
> >> static enum target_stop_reason record_full_stop_reason
> >>     = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON;
> >>
> >> -/* Execute one instruction from the record log.  Each instruction in
> >> -   the log will be represented by an arbitrary sequence of register
> >> -   entries and memory entries, followed by an 'end' entry.  */
> >> -
> >> -static inline void
> >> -record_full_exec_entry (regcache *regcache,
> >> -			gdbarch *gdbarch,
> >> -			record_full_entry *entry)
> >> -{
> >> -  switch (entry->type)
> >> -    {
> >> -    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> >> -      {
> >> -	gdb::byte_vector reg (entry->u.reg.len);
> >> -
> >> -	if (record_debug > 1)
> >> -	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> -		      "Process record: record_full_reg %s to "
> >> -		      "inferior num = %d.\n",
> >> -		      host_address_to_string (entry),
> >> -		      entry->u.reg.num);
> >> -
> >> -	regcache->cooked_read (entry->u.reg.num, reg.data ());
> >> -	regcache->cooked_write (entry->u.reg.num, record_full_get_loc
> >> (entry));
> >> -	memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), reg.data (), entry->u.reg.len);
> >> -      }
> >> -      break;
> >> -
> >> -    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> >> -      {
> >> -	/* Nothing to do if the entry is flagged not_accessible.  */
> >> -	if (!entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible)
> >> -	  {
> >> -	    gdb::byte_vector mem (entry->u.mem.len);
> >> -
> >> -	    if (record_debug > 1)
> >> -	      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> -			  "Process record: record_full_mem %s to "
> >> -			  "inferior addr = %s len = %d.\n",
> >> -			  host_address_to_string (entry),
> >> -			  paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
> >> -			  entry->u.mem.len);
> >> -
> >> -	    if (record_read_memory (gdbarch,
> >> -				    entry->u.mem.addr, mem.data (),
> >> -				    entry->u.mem.len))
> >> -	      entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
> >> -	    else
> >> -	      {
> >> -		if (target_write_memory (entry->u.mem.addr,
> >> -					 record_full_get_loc (entry),
> >> -					 entry->u.mem.len))
> >> -		  {
> >> -		    entry->u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 1;
> >> -		    if (record_debug)
> >> -		      warning (_("Process record: error writing memory at "
> >> -				 "addr = %s len = %d."),
> >> -			       paddress (gdbarch, entry->u.mem.addr),
> >> -			       entry->u.mem.len);
> >> -		  }
> >> -		else
> >> -		  {
> >> -		    memcpy (record_full_get_loc (entry), mem.data (),
> >> -			    entry->u.mem.len);
> >> -
> >> -		    /* We've changed memory --- check if a hardware
> >> -		       watchpoint should trap.  Note that this
> >> -		       presently assumes the target beneath supports
> >> -		       continuable watchpoints.  On non-continuable
> >> -		       watchpoints target, we'll want to check this
> >> -		       _before_ actually doing the memory change, and
> >> -		       not doing the change at all if the watchpoint
> >> -		       traps.  */
> >> -		    if (hardware_watchpoint_inserted_in_range
> >> -			(current_inferior ()->aspace.get (),
> >> -			 entry->u.mem.addr, entry->u.mem.len))
> >> -		      record_full_stop_reason =
> >> TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
> >> -		  }
> >> -	      }
> >> -	  }
> >> -      }
> >> -      break;
> >> -    }
> >> -}
> >> -
> >>   /* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
> >>
> >>   static inline void
> >> @@ -816,7 +858,8 @@ record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
> >>   		       record_full_instruction &insn)  {
> >>     for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
> >> -    record_full_exec_entry (regcache, gdbarch, &entry);
> >> +    if (entry.execute (regcache))
> >> +      record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT;
> >>   }
> >>
> >>   static void record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd); @@ -2193,21
> >> +2236,19 @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd, asection
> >> *osec, int
> >> *bfd_offset)
> >>   	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
> >>   	regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
> >>
> >> -	record_full_entry rec;
> >> -
> >> -	rec = record_full_reg_init (cache, regnum);
> >> +	record_full_entry rec (record_full_reg, cache->arch (), regnum);
> >>
> >>   	/* Get val.  */
> >> -	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> >> -		      rec.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
> >> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (),
> >> +		      rec.reg ().len, bfd_offset);
> >>
> >>   	if (record_debug)
> >>   	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >>   		      "  Reading register %d (1 "
> >>   		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> >> -		      rec.u.reg.num,
> >> +		      rec.reg ().num,
> >>   		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> >> -		      rec.u.reg.len);
> >> +		      rec.reg ().len);
> >>
> >>   	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> >>   	break;
> >> @@ -2223,22 +2264,20 @@ record_full_read_entry_from_bfd (bfd *cbfd,
> >> asection *osec, int *bfd_offset)
> >>   	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
> >>   	addr = netorder64 (addr);
> >>
> >> -	record_full_entry rec;
> >> -	rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
> >> +	record_full_entry rec (record_full_mem, addr, len);
> >>
> >>   	/* Get val.  */
> >> -	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
> >> -		      len, bfd_offset);
> >> +	bfdcore_read (cbfd, osec, rec.get_loc (), len, bfd_offset);
> >>
> >>   	if (record_debug)
> >>   	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >>   		      "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
> >>   		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> >>   		      paddress (get_current_arch (),
> >> -				rec.u.mem.addr),
> >> +				rec.mem ().addr),
> >>   		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> >>   		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> >> -		      rec.u.mem.len);
> >> +		      rec.mem ().len);
> >>
> >>   	record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
> >>   	break;
> >> @@ -2385,57 +2424,56 @@ record_full_write_entry_to_bfd
> >> (record_full_entry &entry,
> >>     uint32_t regnum, len;
> >>     uint64_t addr;
> >>
> >> -  type = entry.type;
> >> +  type = entry.type ();
> >>     bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type),
> >> bfd_offset);
> >>
> >> -  switch (entry.type)
> >> +  switch (type)
> >>       {
> >>       case record_full_reg: /* reg */
> >> -      if (record_debug)
> >> -	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> -		    "  Writing register %d (1 "
> >> -		    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> >> -		    entry.u.reg.num,
> >> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> >> -		    entry.u.reg.len);
> >> -
> >> -      /* Write regnum.  */
> >> -      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
> >> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
> >> -		     sizeof (regnum), bfd_offset);
> >> -
> >> -      /* Write regval.  */
> >> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> >> -		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> >> -		     entry.u.reg.len, bfd_offset);
> >> -      break;
> >> +      {
> >> +	auto &reg = entry.reg ();
> >> +	if (record_debug)
> >> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> +		      "  Writing register %d (1 "
> >> +		      "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> >> +		      reg.num,
> >> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
> >> +		      reg.len);
> >> +
> >> +	/* Write regnum.  */
> >> +	regnum = netorder32 (reg.num);
> >> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
> >> +bfd_offset);
> >> +
> >> +	/* Write regval.  */
> >> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), reg.len, bfd_offset);
> >> +	break;
> >> +      }
> >>
> >>       case record_full_mem: /* mem */
> >> -      if (record_debug)
> >> -	gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> -		    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
> >> -		    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> >> -		    paddress (gdbarch,
> >> -			      entry.u.mem.addr),
> >> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> >> -		    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> >> -		    entry.u.mem.len);
> >> -
> >> -      /* Write memlen.  */
> >> -      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
> >> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
> >> -		     bfd_offset);
> >> -
> >> -      /* Write memaddr.  */
> >> -      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
> >> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
> >> -		     sizeof (addr), bfd_offset);
> >> -
> >> -      /* Write memval.  */
> >> -      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
> >> -		     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
> >> -		     entry.u.mem.len, bfd_offset);
> >> -      break;
> >> +      {
> >> +	auto &mem = entry.mem ();
> >> +	if (record_debug)
> >> +	  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
> >> +		      "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
> >> +		      "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
> >> +		      paddress (gdbarch, mem.addr),
> >> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
> >> +		      (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
> >> +		      mem.len);
> >> +
> >> +	/* Write memlen.  */
> >> +	len = netorder32 (mem.len);
> >> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len), bfd_offset);
> >> +
> >> +	/* Write memaddr.  */
> >> +	addr = netorder64 (mem.addr);
> >> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr, sizeof (addr),
> >> +bfd_offset);
> >> +
> >> +	/* Write memval.  */
> >> +	bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, entry.get_loc (), mem.len,
> >> +		       bfd_offset);
> >> +	break;
> >> +      }
> >>       }
> >>   }
> >>
> >> @@ -2482,13 +2520,13 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
> >> char *recfilename)
> >>         /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
> >>         save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
> >>         for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
> >> -	switch (entry.type)
> >> +	switch (entry.type ())
> >>   	  {
> >>   	  case record_full_reg:
> >> -	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.u.reg.len;
> >> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.reg ().len;
> >>   	    break;
> >>   	  case record_full_mem:
> >> -	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.u.mem.len;
> >> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.mem ().len;
> >>   	    break;
> >>   	  }
> >>       }
> >> @@ -2621,18 +2659,18 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction
> (const
> >> char *args, int from_tty)
> >>
> >>     gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
> >>
> >> -  for (auto entry : to_print->effects)
> >> +  for (auto &entry : to_print->effects)
> >>       {
> >> -      switch (entry.type)
> >> +      switch (entry.type ())
> >>   	{
> >>   	  case record_full_reg:
> >>   	    {
> >> -	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.u.reg.num);
> >> +	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.reg
> >> +().num);
> >>   	      value *val
> >>   		  = value_from_contents (regtype,
> >> -					 record_full_get_loc (&entry));
> >> +					 entry.get_loc ());
> >>   	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
> >> -			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.u.reg.num));
> >> +			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.reg ().num));
> >>   	      struct value_print_options opts;
> >>   	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
> >>   	      opts.raw = true;
> >> @@ -2642,11 +2680,12 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction
> (const
> >> char *args, int from_tty)
> >>   	    }
> >>   	  case record_full_mem:
> >>   	    {
> >> -	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (&entry);
> >> +	      record_full_mem_entry& mem = entry.mem ();
> >> +	      gdb_byte *b = entry.get_loc ();
> >>   	      gdb_printf ("%d bytes of memory at address %s changed from:",
> >> -			  entry.u.mem.len,
> >> -			  print_core_address (arch, entry.u.mem.addr));
> >> -	      for (int i = 0; i < entry.u.mem.len; i++)
> >> +			  mem.len,
> >> +			  print_core_address (arch, mem.addr));
> >> +	      for (int i = 0; i < mem.len; i++)
> >>   		gdb_printf (" %02x", b[i]);
> >>   	      gdb_printf ("\n");
> >>   	      break;
> >> --
> >> 2.54.0
> >>
> > It seems that you did not change the code as discussed here:
> > https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2026-May/227699.html
> >
> > Would you mind sharing the reason for that?
> > In my opinion this is necessary.
> 
> I blame the weekend. Leave on friday thinking "I'll do it on monday", arrive
> on monday thinking "I did it last friday".
> 
> I made sure to make the change now. Added the asserts that the length is
> 0 in the move operator, which means we won't need to worry about freeing
> the memory.

But isn't it possible that "len > sizeof (u.buf)" or at least "len > 0" at this point ?

So before this code:

>>>> +    addr = other.addr;
>>>> +    len = other.len;
>>>> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));

Christina
Intel Deutschland GmbH

Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-11  7:21       ` Schimpe, Christina
@ 2026-06-11 17:16         ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-06-15  7:49           ` Schimpe, Christina
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-11 17:16 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Schimpe, Christina, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1614 bytes --]

On 6/11/26 4:21 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:
>>> It seems that you did not change the code as discussed here:
>>> https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2026-May/227699.html
>>>
>>> Would you mind sharing the reason for that?
>>> In my opinion this is necessary.
>> I blame the weekend. Leave on friday thinking "I'll do it on monday", arrive
>> on monday thinking "I did it last friday".
>>
>> I made sure to make the change now. Added the asserts that the length is
>> 0 in the move operator, which means we won't need to worry about freeing
>> the memory.
> But isn't it possible that "len > sizeof (u.buf)" or at least "len > 0" at this point ?
Not really. Since we can't have copying of entries, if an actual entry 
was stored in the variable that is receiving a move, we lose information 
on an entry or we forgot to clear the incomplete instruction (which 
means we never added it to the history). The code is built for this to 
be the case, so I am asserting that the length is 0 to catch these 
mistakes and not let execution information be lost.

-- 
Cheers,
Guinevere Larsen
it/its
she/her (deprecated)

>
> So before this code:
>
>>>>> +    addr = other.addr;
>>>>> +    len = other.len;
>>>>> +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
> Christina
> Intel Deutschland GmbH
>
> Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
> Tel: +49 89 991 430,www.intel.de
> Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
> Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
> Registered Seat: Munich
> Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

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^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history
  2026-06-10 14:39   ` Schimpe, Christina
@ 2026-06-12 18:07     ` Guinevere Larsen
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-12 18:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Schimpe, Christina, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann

On 6/10/26 11:39 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:
> Hi Guinevere,
>
> I only have one further comment and found one nit. Please see below.
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
>> Sent: Dienstag, 2. Juni 2026 16:34
>> To: gdb-patches@sourceware.org
>> Cc: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>; Thiago Jung Bauermann
>> <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
>> Subject: [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history
>>
>> This is the first step in a large refactor in how GDB keeps execution
>> history.  Rather than using a linked list where multiple entries can
>> describe a single instruction, the history will now be stored in an
>> std::deque, each instruction being one entry in the deque.
>>
>> The choice was initially to use an std::vector, but it would become
>> unwieldy because it needs all the memory to be consecutive, which is
>> hard for 200 thousand entries. Deque was picked because it was a nice
>> midpoint between vector (maximum cache cohesion) and linked list
>> (maximum ease of finding space to store more).
>>
>> Each instruction in memory will be now one record_full_instruction
>> entry, which for this commit just contains a vector of
>> record_full_entry for the effects of the instruction, and the data that
>> was stored in the record_full_end entry (that is, the instruction number
>> and the signal, if any).
>>
>> This change introduced a minimal performance improvement (what's
>> important is that it isn't a degradation) and a  reduction in the total
>> memory footprint of roughly 20% if the entire history is used.
>>
>> Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
>> ---
>>   gdb/aarch64-tdep.c     |    2 -
>>   gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c |    3 -
>>   gdb/arm-tdep.c         |    2 -
>>   gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
>>   gdb/i386-tdep.c        |    4 -
>>   gdb/loongarch-tdep.c   |    2 -
>>   gdb/moxie-tdep.c       |    2 -
>>   gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c   |    3 -
>>   gdb/record-full.c      | 1068 ++++++++++++++++------------------------
>>   gdb/record-full.h      |    1 -
>>   gdb/riscv-tdep.c       |    3 -
>>   gdb/rs6000-tdep.c      |    4 -
>>   gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c  |    3 -
>>   gdb/s390-tdep.c        |    2 -
>>   14 files changed, 422 insertions(+), 680 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c b/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
>> index 673815c2763..2b767565b2f 100644
>> --- a/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/aarch64-tdep.c
>> @@ -6232,8 +6232,6 @@ aarch64_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>   	       aarch64_record.aarch64_mems[rec_no].len))
>>   	    ret = -1;
>>
>> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -	ret = -1;
>>       }
>>
>>     deallocate_reg_mem (&aarch64_record);
>> diff --git a/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
>> index a5ac26654cf..9b23db72bbe 100644
>> --- a/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/amd64-linux-tdep.c
>> @@ -1591,9 +1591,6 @@ amd64_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch
>> *gdbarch,
>>   				     + AMD64_LINUX_frame_size))
>>       return -1;
>>
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>> -
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/arm-tdep.c b/gdb/arm-tdep.c
>> index 08cce9dbad8..1ce0927f26b 100644
>> --- a/gdb/arm-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/arm-tdep.c
>> @@ -14911,8 +14911,6 @@ arm_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>   	    }
>>   	}
>>
>> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -	ret = -1;
>>       }
>>
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
>> index 23aeccac9fc..4f33766fcdd 100644
>> --- a/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/i386-linux-tdep.c
>> @@ -949,9 +949,6 @@ i386_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>>   				     I386_LINUX_xstate +
>> I386_LINUX_frame_size))
>>       return -1;
>>
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>> -
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>   
>> diff --git a/gdb/i386-tdep.c b/gdb/i386-tdep.c
>> index fa935b5fcdb..fee36b46a73 100644
>> --- a/gdb/i386-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/i386-tdep.c
>> @@ -5201,8 +5201,6 @@ i386_record_vex (struct i386_record_s *ir, uint8_t
>> vex_w, uint8_t vex_r,
>>       }
>>
>>     record_full_arch_list_add_reg (ir->regcache, ir-
>>> regmap[X86_RECORD_REIP_REGNUM]);
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>>
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>> @@ -8359,8 +8357,6 @@ Do you want to stop the program?"),
>>
>>     /* In the future, maybe still need to deal with need_dasm.  */
>>     I386_RECORD_FULL_ARCH_LIST_ADD_REG (X86_RECORD_REIP_REGNUM);
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>>
>>     return 0;
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c b/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
>> index 225b1abb703..5ec6b2a48d0 100644
>> --- a/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/loongarch-tdep.c
>> @@ -2789,8 +2789,6 @@ loongarch_process_record (struct gdbarch
>> *gdbarch, struct regcache *regcache,
>>   					 LOONGARCH_PC_REGNUM))
>>   	return -1;
>>
>> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -	return -1;
>>       }
>>
>>     return ret;
>> diff --git a/gdb/moxie-tdep.c b/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
>> index c8a04d21f59..2f8f0186488 100644
>> --- a/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/moxie-tdep.c
>> @@ -1040,8 +1040,6 @@ moxie_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>
>>     if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, MOXIE_PC_REGNUM))
>>       return -1;
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
>> index 19698eaacbe..e2f53551709 100644
>> --- a/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/ppc-linux-tdep.c
>> @@ -1565,9 +1565,6 @@ ppc_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>     if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (sp, SIGNAL_FRAMESIZE +
>> sizeof_rt_sigframe))
>>       return -1;
>>
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>> -
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.c b/gdb/record-full.c
>> index 69d2c100e57..a6dfecd7d1f 100644
>> --- a/gdb/record-full.c
>> +++ b/gdb/record-full.c
>> @@ -47,6 +47,9 @@
>>   #include "interps.h"
>>   #include "cli/cli-style.h"
>>
>> +#include <vector>
>> +#include <optional>
>> +#include <deque>
>>   #include <signal.h>
>>
>>   /* This module implements "target record-full", also known as "process
>> @@ -72,20 +75,17 @@
>>   #define DEFAULT_RECORD_FULL_INSN_MAX_NUM	200000
>>
>>   #define RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY \
>> -  (record_full_list->next || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> +  ((record_full_next_insn != record_full_list.size ()) \
>> +    || ::execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>>
>>   #define RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC	netorder32(0x20091016)
>>
>>   /* These are the core structs of the process record functionality.
>>
>>      A record_full_entry is a record of the value change of a register
>> -   ("record_full_reg") or a part of memory ("record_full_mem").  And each
>> -   instruction must have a struct record_full_entry ("record_full_end")
>> -   that indicates that this is the last struct record_full_entry of this
>> -   instruction.
>> -
>> -   Each struct record_full_entry is linked to "record_full_list" by "prev"
>> -   and "next" pointers.  */
>> +   ("record_full_reg") or a part of memory ("record_full_mem").
>> +   These are saved on the record_full_instruction struct, which also
>> +   contains some extra information, such as delivered signals.  */
>>
>>   struct record_full_mem_entry
>>   {
>> @@ -112,47 +112,14 @@ struct record_full_reg_entry
>>     } u;
>>   };
>>
>> -struct record_full_end_entry
>> -{
>> -  enum gdb_signal sigval;
>> -  ULONGEST insn_num;
>> -};
>> -
>>   enum record_full_type
>>   {
>> -  record_full_end = 0,
>>     record_full_reg,
>>     record_full_mem
>>   };
>>
>> -/* This is the data structure that makes up the execution log.
>> -
>> -   The execution log consists of a single linked list of entries
>> -   of type "struct record_full_entry".  It is doubly linked so that it
>> -   can be traversed in either direction.
>> -
>> -   The start of the list is anchored by a struct called
>> -   "record_full_first".  The pointer "record_full_list" either points
>> -   to the last entry that was added to the list (in record mode), or to
>> -   the next entry in the list that will be executed (in replay mode).
>> -
>> -   Each list element (struct record_full_entry), in addition to next
>> -   and prev pointers, consists of a union of three entry types: mem,
>> -   reg, and end.  A field called "type" determines which entry type is
>> -   represented by a given list element.
>> -
>> -   Each instruction that is added to the execution log is represented
>> -   by a variable number of list elements ('entries').  The instruction
>> -   will have one "reg" entry for each register that is changed by
>> -   executing the instruction (including the PC in every case).  It
>> -   will also have one "mem" entry for each memory change.  Finally,
>> -   each instruction will have an "end" entry that separates it from
>> -   the changes associated with the next instruction.  */
>> -
>>   struct record_full_entry
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *prev;
>> -  struct record_full_entry *next;
>>     enum record_full_type type;
>>     union
>>     {
>> @@ -160,11 +127,31 @@ struct record_full_entry
>>       struct record_full_reg_entry reg;
>>       /* mem */
>>       struct record_full_mem_entry mem;
>> -    /* end */
>> -    struct record_full_end_entry end;
>>     } u;
>>   };
>>
>> +/* This is the main structure that comprises the execution log.
>> +   Each instruction is comprised of:
>> +   * The instruction number: How many instructions were recorded before
>> +     this one;
>> +   * sigval: Whether the inferior received a signal while the following
>> +     instruction was being recorded;
>> +   * effects: A list of record_full_entry structures, each of which
>> +     describing one effect that the instruction has on the inferior.
>> +
>> +   Note, the signal is stored in the previous instruction for historical
>> +   reasons.  This is how it was first implemented, and no one has gotten
>> +   around to changing it yet.  */
>> +
>> +struct record_full_instruction
>> +{
>> +  /* This might be different from the index if
>> +     we had to remove the first few instructions.  */
>> +  uint32_t insn_num;
>> +  std::optional<gdb_signal> sigval;
>> +  std::vector<record_full_entry> effects;
>> +};
>> +
>>   /* If true, query if PREC cannot record memory
>>      change of next instruction.  */
>>   bool record_full_memory_query = false;
>> @@ -181,27 +168,25 @@ static detached_regcache
>> *record_full_core_regbuf = NULL;
>>   static std::vector<target_section> record_full_core_sections;
>>   static struct record_full_core_buf_entry *record_full_core_buf_list = NULL;
>>
>> -/* The following variables are used for managing the linked list that
>> -   represents the execution log.
>> +/* The following variables are used for managing the history of executed
>> +   instructions from the inferior.
>>
>> -   record_full_first is the anchor that holds down the beginning of
>> -   the list.
>> +   record_full_list contains all instructions that were fully executed and
>> +   saved to the log, so that we can replay the execution.
>>
>> -   record_full_list serves two functions:
>> -     1) In record mode, it anchors the end of the list.
>> -     2) In replay mode, it traverses the list and points to
>> -	the next instruction that must be emulated.
>> +   record_full_next_insn always points to the next instruction that would
>> +   be executed if the inferior executes forward.  In the special case when
>> +   the inferior is not replaying, record_full_next_insn points past the
>> +   end of the history.
>>
>> -   record_full_arch_list_head and record_full_arch_list_tail are used
>> -   to manage a separate list, which is used to build up the change
>> -   elements of the currently executing instruction during record mode.
>> -   When this instruction has been completely annotated in the "arch
>> -   list", it will be appended to the main execution log.  */
>> +   record_full_incomplete_instruction holds a partial instruction, while
>> +   the lower target is disassembling the instruction, or as partial xfers are
>> +   happening.  It is manipulated by the "arch list" functions for historical
>> +   reasons.  */
>>
>> -static struct record_full_entry record_full_first;
>> -static struct record_full_entry *record_full_list = &record_full_first;
>> -static struct record_full_entry *record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
>> -static struct record_full_entry *record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
>> +static std::deque<record_full_instruction> record_full_list;
>> +static record_full_instruction record_full_incomplete_instruction;
>> +static int record_full_next_insn;
>>
>>   /* true ask user. false auto delete the last struct record_full_entry.  */
>>   static bool record_full_stop_at_limit = true;
>> @@ -361,6 +346,16 @@ record_full_target::kill ()
>>     record_kill (this);
>>   }
>>
>> +/* Reset the incomplete instruction.  */
>> +
>> +static void
>> +record_full_reset_incomplete ()
>> +{
>> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.clear ();
>> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval.reset ();
>> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = 0;
>> +}
>> +
>>   /* See record-full.h.  */
>>
>>   int
>> @@ -390,156 +385,126 @@ static struct cmd_list_element
>> *show_record_full_cmdlist;
>>   /* Command list for "record full".  */
>>   static struct cmd_list_element *record_full_cmdlist;
>>
>> -static void record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry *entry,
>> +static void record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
>>   				   enum exec_direction_kind dir);
>>
>> -/* Alloc and free functions for record_full_reg, record_full_mem, and
>> -   record_full_end entries.  */
>> +/* Initialization and cleanup functions for record_full_reg and
>> +   record_full_mem entries.  */
>>
>> -/* Alloc a record_full_reg record entry.  */
>> +/* Init a record_full_reg record entry.  */
>>
>> -static inline struct record_full_entry *
>> -record_full_reg_alloc (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
>> +static inline record_full_entry
>> +record_full_reg_init (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>> +  record_full_entry rec;
>>     struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
>>
>> -  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
>> -  rec->type = record_full_reg;
>> -  rec->u.reg.num = regnum;
>> -  rec->u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
>> -  if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
>> -    rec->u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec->u.reg.len);
>> +  rec.type = record_full_reg;
>> +  rec.u.reg.num = regnum;
>> +  rec.u.reg.len = register_size (gdbarch, regnum);
>> +  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
>> +    rec.u.reg.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (rec.u.reg.len);
>>
>>     return rec;
>>   }
>>
>> -/* Free a record_full_reg record entry.  */
>> +/* Cleanup a record_full_reg record entry.  */
>>
>>   static inline void
>> -record_full_reg_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>> +record_full_reg_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
>>   {
>> -  gdb_assert (rec->type == record_full_reg);
>> -  if (rec->u.reg.len > sizeof (rec->u.reg.u.buf))
>> -    xfree (rec->u.reg.u.ptr);
>> -  xfree (rec);
>> +  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_reg);
>> +  if (rec.u.reg.len > sizeof (rec.u.reg.u.buf))
>> +    xfree (rec.u.reg.u.ptr);
>>   }
>>
>> -/* Alloc a record_full_mem record entry.  */
>> +/* Init a record_full_mem record entry.  */
>>
>> -static inline struct record_full_entry *
>> -record_full_mem_alloc (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
>> +static inline record_full_entry
>> +record_full_mem_init (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>> +  record_full_entry rec;
>>
>> -  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
>> -  rec->type = record_full_mem;
>> -  rec->u.mem.addr = addr;
>> -  rec->u.mem.len = len;
>> -  if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
>> -    rec->u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
>> +  rec.type = record_full_mem;
>> +  rec.u.mem.addr = addr;
>> +  rec.u.mem.len = len;
>> +  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
>> +    rec.u.mem.u.ptr = (gdb_byte *) xmalloc (len);
>> +  rec.u.mem.mem_entry_not_accessible = 0;
>>
>>     return rec;
>>   }
>>
>> -/* Free a record_full_mem record entry.  */
>> +/* Cleanup a record_full_mem record entry.  */
>>
>>   static inline void
>> -record_full_mem_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>> +record_full_mem_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
>>   {
>> -  gdb_assert (rec->type == record_full_mem);
>> -  if (rec->u.mem.len > sizeof (rec->u.mem.u.buf))
>> -    xfree (rec->u.mem.u.ptr);
>> -  xfree (rec);
>> +  gdb_assert (rec.type == record_full_mem);
>> +  if (rec.u.mem.len > sizeof (rec.u.mem.u.buf))
>> +    xfree (rec.u.mem.u.ptr);
>>   }
>>
>> -/* Alloc a record_full_end record entry.  */
>> -
>> -static inline struct record_full_entry *
>> -record_full_end_alloc (void)
>> -{
>> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>> -
>> -  rec = XCNEW (struct record_full_entry);
>> -  rec->type = record_full_end;
>> -
>> -  return rec;
>> -}
>> -
>> -/* Free a record_full_end record entry.  */
>> +/* Free one record entry, any type.  */
>>
>>   static inline void
>> -record_full_end_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>> -{
>> -  xfree (rec);
>> -}
>> -
>> -/* Free one record entry, any type.
>> -   Return entry->type, in case caller wants to know.  */
>> -
>> -static inline enum record_full_type
>> -record_full_entry_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>> +record_full_entry_cleanup (record_full_entry rec)
>>   {
>> -  enum record_full_type type = rec->type;
>>
>> -  switch (type) {
>> +  switch (rec.type) {
>>     case record_full_reg:
>> -    record_full_reg_release (rec);
>> +    record_full_reg_cleanup (rec);
>>       break;
>>     case record_full_mem:
>> -    record_full_mem_release (rec);
>> -    break;
>> -  case record_full_end:
>> -    record_full_end_release (rec);
>> +    record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
>>       break;
>>     }
>> -  return type;
>>   }
>>
>> -/* Free all record entries in list pointed to by REC.  */
>> -
>>   static void
>> -record_full_list_release (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>> +record_full_reset_history ()
>>   {
>> -  if (!rec)
>> -    return;
>> -
>> -  while (rec->next)
>> -    rec = rec->next;
>> +  record_full_insn_num = 0;
>> +  record_full_insn_count = 0;
>> +  record_full_next_insn = 0;
>>
>> -  while (rec->prev)
>> +  for (auto &insn : record_full_list)
>>       {
>> -      rec = rec->prev;
>> -      record_full_entry_release (rec->next);
>> +      for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
>> +	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
>>       }
>>
>> -  if (rec == &record_full_first)
>> +  record_full_list.clear ();
>> +}
>> +
>> +/* Release all record entries after the INDEXth entry in the log.  */
>> +
>> +static void
>> +record_full_list_release_following (int index)
>> +{
>> +  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i > index; i--)
> Can we get here with an empty list ? Then we should add a guard here, too.
> Otherwise, if that shouldn't happen maybe an assert would make sense?
We might be able to reach this call with an empty list, yeah. I've added 
a guard here, just to be safe.
>
>>       {
>> -      record_full_insn_num = 0;
>> -      record_full_first.next = NULL;
>> +      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
>> +	record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
>> +      record_full_list.pop_back ();
>>       }
>> -  else
>> -    record_full_entry_release (rec);
>> +  /* Set the next instruction to be past the end of the log so we
>> +     start recording if the user moves forward again.  */
>> +  record_full_next_insn = index;
>>   }
>>
>> -/* Free all record entries forward of the given list position.  */
>> +/* Save the incomplete instruction in the log.  */
>>
>>   static void
>> -record_full_list_release_following (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>> +record_full_save_instruction ()
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *tmp = rec->next;
>> +  ++record_full_insn_count;
>> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = record_full_insn_count;
>> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.shrink_to_fit ();
>> +  record_full_list.push_back (std::move (record_full_incomplete_instruction));
>> +  record_full_next_insn++;
>>
>> -  rec->next = NULL;
>> -  while (tmp)
>> -    {
>> -      rec = tmp->next;
>> -      if (record_full_entry_release (tmp) == record_full_end)
>> -	{
>> -	  record_full_insn_num--;
>> -	  record_full_insn_count--;
>> -	}
>> -      tmp = rec;
>> -    }
>> +  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>   }
>>
>>   /* Delete the first instruction from the beginning of the log, to make
>> @@ -550,52 +515,22 @@ record_full_list_release_following (struct
>> record_full_entry *rec)
>>   static void
>>   record_full_list_release_first (void)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *tmp;
>> -
>> -  if (!record_full_first.next)
>> +  if (record_full_list.empty ())
>>       return;
>>
>> -  /* Loop until a record_full_end.  */
>> -  while (1)
>> -    {
>> -      /* Cut record_full_first.next out of the linked list.  */
>> -      tmp = record_full_first.next;
>> -      record_full_first.next = tmp->next;
>> -      tmp->next->prev = &record_full_first;
>> -
>> -      /* tmp is now isolated, and can be deleted.  */
>> -      if (record_full_entry_release (tmp) == record_full_end)
>> -	break;	/* End loop at first record_full_end.  */
>> +  for (auto &entry : record_full_list[0].effects)
>> +    record_full_entry_cleanup (entry);
>>
>> -      if (!record_full_first.next)
>> -	{
>> -	  gdb_assert (record_full_insn_num == 1);
>> -	  break;	/* End loop when list is empty.  */
>> -	}
>> -    }
>> +  record_full_list.pop_front ();
>> +  --record_full_next_insn;
>>   }
>>
>>   /* Add a struct record_full_entry to record_full_arch_list.  */
>>
>>   static void
>> -record_full_arch_list_add (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>> +record_full_arch_list_add (record_full_entry &rec)
>>   {
>> -  if (record_debug > 1)
>> -    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -		"Process record: record_full_arch_list_add %s.\n",
>> -		host_address_to_string (rec));
>> -
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_tail)
>> -    {
>> -      record_full_arch_list_tail->next = rec;
>> -      rec->prev = record_full_arch_list_tail;
>> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = rec;
>> -    }
>> -  else
>> -    {
>> -      record_full_arch_list_head = rec;
>> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = rec;
>> -    }
>> +  record_full_incomplete_instruction.effects.push_back (rec);
>>   }
>>
>>   /* Return the value storage location of a record entry.  */
>> @@ -613,7 +548,6 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>>         return rec->u.reg.u.ptr;
>>       else
>>         return rec->u.reg.u.buf;
>> -  case record_full_end:
>>     default:
>>       gdb_assert_not_reached ("unexpected record_full_entry type");
>>       return NULL;
>> @@ -625,7 +559,7 @@ record_full_get_loc (struct record_full_entry *rec)
>>   int
>>   record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int regnum)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>> +  record_full_entry rec;
>>
>>     if (record_debug > 1)
>>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> @@ -633,9 +567,9 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
>> *regcache, int regnum)
>>   		"record list.\n",
>>   		regnum);
>>
>> -  rec = record_full_reg_alloc (regcache, regnum);
>> +  rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
>>
>> -  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (rec));
>> +  regcache->cooked_read (regnum, record_full_get_loc (&rec));
>>
>>     record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>>
>> @@ -648,7 +582,7 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache
>> *regcache, int regnum)
>>   int
>>   record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>> +  record_full_entry rec;
>>
>>     if (record_debug > 1)
>>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> @@ -659,12 +593,12 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr,
>> int len)
>>     if (!addr)	/* FIXME: Why?  Some arch must permit it...  */
>>       return 0;
>>
>> -  rec = record_full_mem_alloc (addr, len);
>> +  rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
>>
>>     if (record_read_memory (current_inferior ()->arch (), addr,
>> -			  record_full_get_loc (rec), len))
>> +			  record_full_get_loc (&rec), len))
>>       {
>> -      record_full_mem_release (rec);
>> +      record_full_mem_cleanup (rec);
>>         return -1;
>>       }
>>
>> @@ -673,27 +607,6 @@ record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr,
>> int len)
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> -/* Add a record_full_end type struct record_full_entry to
>> -   record_full_arch_list.  */
>> -
>> -int
>> -record_full_arch_list_add_end (void)
>> -{
>> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>> -
>> -  if (record_debug > 1)
>> -    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -		"Process record: add end to arch list.\n");
>> -
>> -  rec = record_full_end_alloc ();
>> -  rec->u.end.sigval = GDB_SIGNAL_0;
>> -  rec->u.end.insn_num = ++record_full_insn_count;
>> -
>> -  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>> -
>> -  return 0;
>> -}
>> -
>>   static void
>>   record_full_check_insn_num (void)
>>   {
>> @@ -725,8 +638,7 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache,
>> enum gdb_signal signal)
>>
>>     try
>>       {
>> -      record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
>> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
>> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>
>>         /* Check record_full_insn_num.  */
>>         record_full_check_insn_num ();
>> @@ -746,20 +658,16 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache,
>> enum gdb_signal signal)
>>   	 the user says something different, like "deliver this signal"
>>   	 during the replay mode).
>>
>> -	 User should understand that nothing he does during the replay
>> -	 mode will change the behavior of the child.  If he tries,
>> +	 User should understand that nothing they do during the replay
>> +	 mode will change the behavior of the child.  If they try,
>>   	 then that is a user error.
>>
>>   	 But we should still deliver the signal to gdb during the replay,
>>   	 if we delivered it during the recording.  Therefore we should
>>   	 record the signal during record_full_wait, not
>>   	 record_full_resume.  */
>> -      if (record_full_list != &record_full_first)  /* FIXME better way
>> -						      to check */
>> -	{
>> -	  gdb_assert (record_full_list->type == record_full_end);
>> -	  record_full_list->u.end.sigval = signal;
>> -	}
>> +      if (signal != GDB_SIGNAL_0 && !record_full_list.empty ())
>> +	record_full_list[record_full_next_insn - 1].sigval = signal;
>>
>>         if (signal == GDB_SIGNAL_0
>>   	  || !gdbarch_process_record_signal_p (gdbarch))
>> @@ -778,13 +686,11 @@ record_full_message (struct regcache *regcache,
>> enum gdb_signal signal)
>>       }
>>     catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
>>       {
>> -      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
>> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>         throw;
>>       }
>>
>> -  record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
>> -  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
>> -  record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
>> +  record_full_save_instruction ();
>>
>>     if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
>>       record_full_list_release_first ();
>> @@ -829,9 +735,9 @@ static enum target_stop_reason
>> record_full_stop_reason
>>      entries and memory entries, followed by an 'end' entry.  */
>>
>>   static inline void
>> -record_full_exec_insn (struct regcache *regcache,
>> -		       struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> -		       struct record_full_entry *entry)
>> +record_full_exec_entry (regcache *regcache,
>> +			gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> +			record_full_entry *entry)
>>   {
>>     switch (entry->type)
>>       {
>> @@ -909,6 +815,17 @@ record_full_exec_insn (struct regcache *regcache,
>>       }
>>   }
>>
>> +/* Execute one entry in the log by executing all the effects.  */
>> +
>> +static inline void
>> +record_full_exec_insn (regcache *regcache,
>> +		       gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> +		       record_full_instruction &insn)
>> +{
>> +  for (auto &entry : insn.effects)
>> +    record_full_exec_entry (regcache, gdbarch, &entry);
>> +}
>> +
>>   static void record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd);
>>
>>   /* Asynchronous signal handle registered as event loop source for when
>> @@ -983,10 +900,7 @@ record_full_open (const char *args, int from_tty)
>>     record_preopen ();
>>
>>     /* Reset */
>> -  record_full_insn_num = 0;
>> -  record_full_insn_count = 0;
>> -  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
>> -  record_full_list->next = NULL;
>> +  record_full_reset_history ();
>>
>>     bfd *cbfd = get_inferior_core_bfd (current_inferior ());
>>     if (cbfd != nullptr)
>> @@ -1014,7 +928,7 @@ record_full_base_target::close ()
>>     if (record_debug)
>>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog, "Process record: record_full_close\n");
>>
>> -  record_full_list_release (record_full_list);
>> +  record_full_reset_history ();
>>
>>     /* Release record_full_core_regbuf.  */
>>     if (record_full_core_regbuf)
>> @@ -1313,7 +1227,6 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>>         struct gdbarch *gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
>>         const address_space *aspace = current_inferior ()->aspace.get ();
>>         int continue_flag = 1;
>> -      int first_record_full_end = 1;
>>
>>         try
>>   	{
>> @@ -1322,7 +1235,6 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>>   	  record_full_stop_reason = TARGET_STOPPED_BY_NO_REASON;
>>   	  status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_0);
>>
>> -	  /* Check breakpoint when forward execute.  */
>>   	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD)
>>   	    {
>>   	      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
>> @@ -1344,10 +1256,10 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>>   	     the signal.  */
>>   	  target_terminal::ours ();
>>
>> -	  /* In EXEC_FORWARD mode, record_full_list points to the tail of prev
>> -	     instruction.  */
>> -	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD && record_full_list->next)
>> -	    record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
>> +	  /* In EXEC_FORWARD mode, record_full_next_insn is the next
>> +	     instruction to be executed.  */
>> +	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> +	    record_full_next_insn--;
>>
>>   	  /* Loop over the record_full_list, looking for the next place to
>>   	     stop.  */
>> @@ -1355,108 +1267,92 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>>   	    {
>>   	      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
>>   	      if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE
>> -		  && record_full_list == &record_full_first)
>> +		  && record_full_next_insn < 0)
>>   		{
>>   		  /* Hit beginning of record log in reverse.  */
>>   		  status->set_no_history ();
>> +		  record_full_next_insn = 0;
>>   		  break;
>>   		}
>>   	      if (execution_direction != EXEC_REVERSE
>> -		  && !record_full_list->next)
>> +		  && record_full_next_insn == record_full_list.size ())
>>   		{
>>   		  /* Hit end of record log going forward.  */
>>   		  status->set_no_history ();
>>   		  break;
>>   		}
>>
>> -	      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
>> +	      record_full_exec_insn
>> +		(regcache, gdbarch,
>> +		 record_full_list[record_full_next_insn]);
>>
>> -	      if (record_full_list->type == record_full_end)
>> +	      /* step */
>> +	      if (record_full_resume_step)
>>   		{
>>   		  if (record_debug > 1)
>> -		    gdb_printf
>> -		      (gdb_stdlog,
>> -		       "Process record: record_full_end %s to "
>> -		       "inferior.\n",
>> -		       host_address_to_string (record_full_list));
>> -
>> -		  if (first_record_full_end
>> -		      && execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> -		    {
>> -		      /* When reverse execute, the first
>> -			 record_full_end is the part of current
>> -			 instruction.  */
>> -		      first_record_full_end = 0;
>> -		    }
>> -		  else
>> -		    {
>> -		      /* In EXEC_REVERSE mode, this is the
>> -			 record_full_end of prev instruction.  In
>> -			 EXEC_FORWARD mode, this is the
>> -			 record_full_end of current instruction.  */
>> -		      /* step */
>> -		      if (record_full_resume_step)
>> -			{
>> -			  if (record_debug > 1)
>> -			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -					"Process record: step.\n");
>> -			  continue_flag = 0;
>> -			}
>> -
>> -		      /* check breakpoint */
>> -		      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
>> -		      if (record_check_stopped_by_breakpoint
>> -			  (aspace, tmp_pc, &record_full_stop_reason))
>> -			{
>> -			  if (record_debug)
>> -			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -					"Process record: break "
>> -					"at %s.\n",
>> -					paddress (gdbarch, tmp_pc));
>> +		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +				"Process record: step.\n");
>> +		  continue_flag = 0;
>> +		}
>>
>> -			  continue_flag = 0;
>> -			}
>> +	      /* check breakpoint */
>> +	      tmp_pc = regcache_read_pc (regcache);
>> +	      if (record_check_stopped_by_breakpoint
>> +		  (aspace, tmp_pc, &record_full_stop_reason))
>> +		{
>> +		  if (record_debug)
>> +		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +				"Process record: break "
>> +				"at %s.\n",
>> +				paddress (gdbarch, tmp_pc));
>>
>> -		      if (record_full_stop_reason
>> -			  == TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT)
>> -			{
>> -			  if (record_debug)
>> -			    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -					"Process record: hit hw "
>> -					"watchpoint.\n");
>> -			  continue_flag = 0;
>> -			}
>> -		      /* Check target signal */
>> -		      if (record_full_list->u.end.sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
>> -			/* FIXME: better way to check */
>> -			continue_flag = 0;
>> -		    }
>> +		  continue_flag = 0;
>>   		}
>>
>> -	      if (continue_flag)
>> +	      if (record_full_stop_reason
>> +		  == TARGET_STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT)
>>   		{
>> -		  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> -		    {
>> -		      if (record_full_list->prev)
>> -			record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
>> -		    }
>> -		  else
>> -		    {
>> -		      if (record_full_list->next)
>> -			record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
>> -		    }
>> +		  if (record_debug)
>> +		    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +				"Process record: hit hw "
>> +				"watchpoint.\n");
>> +		  continue_flag = 0;
>>   		}
>> +	      if (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].sigval.has_value ())
>> +		continue_flag = 0;
>> +
>> +	      if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> +		record_full_next_insn--;
>> +	      else
>> +		record_full_next_insn++;
>>   	    }
>>   	  while (continue_flag);
>>
>> +	  if (record_full_next_insn < 0)
>> +	    {
>> +	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE);
>> +	      record_full_next_insn = 0;
>> +	    }
>> +	  else if (record_full_next_insn > record_full_list.size ())
>> +	    {
>> +	      gdb_assert (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD);
>> +	      record_full_next_insn = record_full_list.size ();
>> +	    }
>> +	  /* Reset the current instruction to point to the one to be replayed
>> +	     moving forward.  */
>> +	  else if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> +	    record_full_next_insn++;
>> +
>>   	replay_out:
>>   	  if (status->kind () == TARGET_WAITKIND_STOPPED)
>>   	    {
>> +	      int insn = (execution_direction == EXEC_FORWARD)
>> +			 ? record_full_next_insn - 1 : record_full_next_insn;
>>   	      if (record_full_get_sig)
>>   		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_INT);
>> -	      else if (record_full_list->u.end.sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
>> -		/* FIXME: better way to check */
>> -		status->set_stopped (record_full_list->u.end.sigval);
>> +	      else if (record_full_list[insn].sigval.has_value ())
>> +		status->set_stopped
>> +		  (record_full_list[insn].sigval.value ());
>>   	      else
>>   		status->set_stopped (GDB_SIGNAL_TRAP);
>>   	    }
>> @@ -1464,12 +1360,9 @@ record_full_wait_1 (struct target_ops *ops,
>>         catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
>>   	{
>>   	  if (execution_direction == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> -	    {
>> -	      if (record_full_list->next)
>> -		record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
>> -	    }
>> +	    record_full_next_insn++;
>>   	  else
>> -	    record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
>> +	    record_full_next_insn--;
>>
>>   	  throw;
>>   	}
>> @@ -1557,8 +1450,7 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache
>> *regcache, int regnum)
>>     /* Check record_full_insn_num.  */
>>     record_full_check_insn_num ();
>>
>> -  record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
>> -  record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
>> +  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>
>>     if (regnum < 0)
>>       {
>> @@ -1568,7 +1460,7 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache
>> *regcache, int regnum)
>>   	{
>>   	  if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, i))
>>   	    {
>> -	      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
>> +	      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>   	      error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
>>   	    }
>>   	}
>> @@ -1577,18 +1469,11 @@ record_full_registers_change (struct regcache
>> *regcache, int regnum)
>>       {
>>         if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, regnum))
>>   	{
>> -	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
>> +	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>   	  error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
>>   	}
>>       }
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    {
>> -      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
>> -      error (_("Process record: failed to record execution log."));
>> -    }
>> -  record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
>> -  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
>> -  record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
>> +  record_full_save_instruction ();
>>
>>     if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
>>       record_full_list_release_first ();
>> @@ -1607,7 +1492,7 @@ record_full_target::store_registers (struct
>> regcache *regcache, int regno)
>>   	{
>>   	  int n;
>>
>> -	  /* Let user choose if he wants to write register or not.  */
>> +	  /* Let user choose if they want to write register or not.  */
>>   	  if (regno < 0)
>>   	    n =
>>   	      query (_("Because GDB is in replay mode, changing the "
>> @@ -1642,7 +1527,7 @@ record_full_target::store_registers (struct
>> regcache *regcache, int regno)
>>   	    }
>>
>>   	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
>> -	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
>> +	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
>>   	}
>>
>>         record_full_registers_change (regcache, regno);
>> @@ -1675,36 +1560,24 @@ record_full_target::xfer_partial (enum
>> target_object object,
>>   	    error (_("Process record canceled the operation."));
>>
>>   	  /* Destroy the record from here forward.  */
>> -	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
>> +	  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_next_insn);
>>   	}
>>
>>         /* Check record_full_insn_num */
>>         record_full_check_insn_num ();
>>
>>         /* Record registers change to list as an instruction.  */
>> -      record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
>> -      record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
>> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>         if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (offset, len))
>>   	{
>> -	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
>> +	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>   	  if (record_debug)
>>   	    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>>   			"Process record: failed to record "
>>   			"execution log.");
>>   	  return TARGET_XFER_E_IO;
>>   	}
>> -      if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -	{
>> -	  record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
>> -	  if (record_debug)
>> -	    gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -			"Process record: failed to record "
>> -			"execution log.");
>> -	  return TARGET_XFER_E_IO;
>> -	}
>> -      record_full_list->next = record_full_arch_list_head;
>> -      record_full_arch_list_head->prev = record_full_list;
>> -      record_full_list = record_full_arch_list_tail;
>> +      record_full_save_instruction ();
>>
>>         if (record_full_insn_num == record_full_insn_max_num)
>>   	record_full_list_release_first ();
>> @@ -1865,9 +1738,11 @@ record_full_base_target::get_bookmark (const
>> char *args, int from_tty)
>>   {
>>     char *ret = NULL;
>>
>> +  if (record_full_list.empty ())
>> +    return (gdb_byte *) ret;
>> +
>>     /* Return stringified form of instruction count.  */
>> -  if (record_full_list && record_full_list->type == record_full_end)
>> -    ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num));
>> +  ret = xstrdup (pulongest (record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num));
>>
>>     if (record_debug)
>>       {
>> @@ -1923,30 +1798,22 @@ record_full_base_target::record_method (ptid_t
>> ptid)
>>   void
>>   record_full_base_target::info_record ()
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *p;
>> -
>>     if (RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY)
>>       gdb_printf (_("Replay mode:\n"));
>>     else
>>       gdb_printf (_("Record mode:\n"));
>>
>> -  /* Find entry for first actual instruction in the log.  */
>> -  for (p = record_full_first.next;
>> -       p != NULL && p->type != record_full_end;
>> -       p = p->next)
>> -    ;
>> -
>>     /* Do we have a log at all?  */
>> -  if (p != NULL && p->type == record_full_end)
>> +  if (!record_full_list.empty ())
>>       {
>>         /* Display instruction number for first instruction in the log.  */
>> -      gdb_printf (_("Lowest recorded instruction number is %s.\n"),
>> -		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
>> +      gdb_printf (_("Lowest recorded instruction number is %u.\n"),
>> +		  record_full_list[0].insn_num);
>>
>>         /* If in replay mode, display where we are in the log.  */
>>         if (RECORD_FULL_IS_REPLAY)
>> -	gdb_printf (_("Current instruction number is %s.\n"),
>> -		    pulongest (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num));
>> +	gdb_printf (_("Current instruction number is %u.\n"),
>> +		    record_full_list[record_full_next_insn].insn_num);
>>
>>         /* Display instruction number for last instruction in the log.  */
>>         gdb_printf (_("Highest recorded instruction number is %s.\n"),
>> @@ -1975,7 +1842,7 @@ record_full_base_target::supports_delete_record ()
>>   void
>>   record_full_base_target::delete_record ()
>>   {
>> -  record_full_list_release_following (record_full_list);
>> +  record_full_reset_history ();
>>   }
>>
>>   /* The "record_is_replaying" target method.  */
>> @@ -2001,23 +1868,23 @@ record_full_base_target::record_will_replay
>> (ptid_t ptid, int dir)
>>   /* Go to a specific entry.  */
>>
>>   static void
>> -record_full_goto_entry (struct record_full_entry *p)
>> +record_full_goto_entry (size_t target_insn)
>>   {
>> -  if (p == NULL)
>> +  if (target_insn >= record_full_list.size ())
>>       error (_("Target insn not found."));
>> -  else if (p == record_full_list)
>> +  else if (target_insn == record_full_next_insn)
>>       error (_("Already at target insn."));
>> -  else if (p->u.end.insn_num > record_full_list->u.end.insn_num)
>> +  else if (target_insn > record_full_next_insn)
>>       {
>>         gdb_printf (_("Go forward to insn number %s\n"),
>> -		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
>> -      record_full_goto_insn (p, EXEC_FORWARD);
>> +		  pulongest (record_full_list[target_insn].insn_num));
>> +      record_full_goto_insn (target_insn, EXEC_FORWARD);
>>       }
>>     else
>>       {
>>         gdb_printf (_("Go backward to insn number %s\n"),
>> -		  pulongest (p->u.end.insn_num));
>> -      record_full_goto_insn (p, EXEC_REVERSE);
>> +		  pulongest (target_insn));
>> +      record_full_goto_insn (target_insn, EXEC_REVERSE);
>>       }
>>
>>     registers_changed ();
>> @@ -2033,13 +1900,7 @@ record_full_goto_entry (struct record_full_entry
>> *p)
>>   void
>>   record_full_base_target::goto_record_begin ()
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
>> -
>> -  for (p = &record_full_first; p != NULL; p = p->next)
>> -    if (p->type == record_full_end)
>> -      break;
>> -
>> -  record_full_goto_entry (p);
>> +  record_full_goto_entry (0);
>>   }
>>
>>   /* The "goto_record_end" target method.  */
>> @@ -2047,15 +1908,7 @@ record_full_base_target::goto_record_begin ()
>>   void
>>   record_full_base_target::goto_record_end ()
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
>> -
>> -  for (p = record_full_list; p->next != NULL; p = p->next)
>> -    ;
>> -  for (; p!= NULL; p = p->prev)
>> -    if (p->type == record_full_end)
>> -      break;
>> -
>> -  record_full_goto_entry (p);
>> +  record_full_goto_entry (record_full_list.size () - 1);
>>   }
>>
>>   /* The "goto_record" target method.  */
>> @@ -2063,13 +1916,7 @@ record_full_base_target::goto_record_end ()
>>   void
>>   record_full_base_target::goto_record (ULONGEST target_insn)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *p = NULL;
>> -
>> -  for (p = &record_full_first; p != NULL; p = p->next)
>> -    if (p->type == record_full_end && p->u.end.insn_num == target_insn)
>> -      break;
>> -
>> -  record_full_goto_entry (p);
>> +  record_full_goto_entry (target_insn);
>>   }
>>
>>   /* The "record_stop_replaying" target method.  */
>> @@ -2345,13 +2192,12 @@ static void
>>   record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>>   {
>>     uint32_t magic;
>> -  struct record_full_entry *rec;
>>     asection *osec;
>>     uint32_t osec_size;
>>     int bfd_offset = 0;
>>
>>     /* "record_full_restore" can only be called when record list is empty.  */
>> -  gdb_assert (record_full_first.next == NULL);
>> +  gdb_assert (record_full_list.empty ());
>>
>>     if (record_debug)
>>       gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog, "Restoring recording from core file.\n");
>> @@ -2379,124 +2225,118 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>>   		"RECORD_FULL_FILE_MAGIC (0x%s)\n",
>>   		phex_nz (netorder32 (magic), 4));
>>
>> -  /* Restore the entries in recfd into record_full_arch_list_head and
>> -     record_full_arch_list_tail.  */
>> -  record_full_arch_list_head = NULL;
>> -  record_full_arch_list_tail = NULL;
>>     record_full_insn_num = 0;
>>
>>     try
>>       {
>>         regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
>>
>> -      while (1)
>> +      while (bfd_offset < osec_size)
>>   	{
>> -	  uint8_t rectype;
>> -	  uint32_t regnum, len, signal, count;
>> +	  uint8_t rectype, sigval;
>> +	  uint32_t regnum, len, eff_count, insn_num;
>>   	  uint64_t addr;
>>
>> -	  /* We are finished when offset reaches osec_size.  */
>> -	  if (bfd_offset >= osec_size)
>> -	    break;
>> -	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype), &bfd_offset);
>> +	  record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>> +
>> +	  /* Frst read the generic information for an instruction.  */
>> +	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &sigval, sizeof (uint8_t), &bfd_offset);
>> +	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &eff_count, sizeof (uint32_t),
>> +			&bfd_offset);
>> +	  bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &insn_num, sizeof (uint32_t),
>> +			&bfd_offset);
>> +
>> +	  record_full_incomplete_instruction.insn_num = netorder32
>> (insn_num);
>> +	  if (sigval != GDB_SIGNAL_0)
>> +	    record_full_incomplete_instruction.sigval = (gdb_signal) sigval;
>> +	  eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
>>
>> -	  switch (rectype)
>> +	  /* This deals with all the side effects.  */
>> +	  while (eff_count > 0)
>>   	    {
>> -	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
>> -	      /* Get register number to regnum.  */
>> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
>> -			    &bfd_offset);
>> -	      regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
>> +	      eff_count--;
>>
>> -	      rec = record_full_reg_alloc (regcache, regnum);
>> +	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &rectype, sizeof (rectype),
>> &bfd_offset);
>>
>> -	      /* Get val.  */
>> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (rec),
>> -			    rec->u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
>> +	      switch (rectype)
>> +		{
>> +		case record_full_reg: /* reg */
>> +		  {
>> +		    /* Get register number to regnum.  */
>> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &regnum, sizeof (regnum),
>> +				  &bfd_offset);
>> +		    regnum = netorder32 (regnum);
>>
>> -	      if (record_debug)
>> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -			    "  Reading register %d (1 "
>> -			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> -			    rec->u.reg.num,
>> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
>> -			    rec->u.reg.len);
>> -	      break;
>> +		    record_full_entry rec;
>>
>> -	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
>> -	      /* Get len.  */
>> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len), &bfd_offset);
>> -	      len = netorder32 (len);
>> +		    rec = record_full_reg_init (regcache, regnum);
>>
>> -	      /* Get addr.  */
>> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
>> -	      addr = netorder64 (addr);
>> +		    /* Get val.  */
>> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
>> +				  rec.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
>>
>> -	      rec = record_full_mem_alloc (addr, len);
>> +		    if (record_debug)
>> +		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +				  "  Reading register %d (1 "
>> +				  "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> +				  rec.u.reg.num,
>> +				  (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
>> +				  rec.u.reg.len);
>> +
>> +		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>> +		    break;
>> +		  }
>>
>> -	      /* Get val.  */
>> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (rec),
>> -			    rec->u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
>> +		case record_full_mem: /* mem */
>> +		  {
>> +		  /* Get len.  */
>> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &len, sizeof (len),
>> +				  &bfd_offset);
>> +		    len = netorder32 (len);
>>
>> -	      if (record_debug)
>> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -			    "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
>> -			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> -			    paddress (get_current_arch (),
>> -				      rec->u.mem.addr),
>> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
>> -			    rec->u.mem.len);
>> -	      break;
>> +		    /* Get addr.  */
>> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &addr, sizeof (addr),
>> +				  &bfd_offset);
>> +		    addr = netorder64 (addr);
>>
>> -	    case record_full_end: /* end */
>> -	      rec = record_full_end_alloc ();
>> -	      record_full_insn_num ++;
>> -
>> -	      /* Get signal value.  */
>> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &signal, sizeof (signal),
>> -			    &bfd_offset);
>> -	      signal = netorder32 (signal);
>> -	      rec->u.end.sigval = (enum gdb_signal) signal;
>> -
>> -	      /* Get insn count.  */
>> -	      bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, &count, sizeof (count), &bfd_offset);
>> -	      count = netorder32 (count);
>> -	      rec->u.end.insn_num = count;
>> -	      record_full_insn_count = count + 1;
>> -	      if (record_debug)
>> -		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -			    "  Reading record_full_end (1 + "
>> -			    "%lu + %lu bytes), offset == %s\n",
>> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (signal),
>> -			    (unsigned long) sizeof (count),
>> -			    paddress (get_current_arch (),
>> -				      bfd_offset));
>> -	      break;
>> +		    record_full_entry rec;
>> +		    rec = record_full_mem_init (addr, len);
>>
>> -	    default:
>> -	      error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
>> -		     styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
>> -				    bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
>> -	      break;
>> +		    /* Get val.  */
>> +		    bfdcore_read (&cbfd, osec, record_full_get_loc (&rec),
>> +				  len, &bfd_offset);
>> +
>> +		    if (record_debug)
>> +		      gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> +				  "  Reading memory %s (1 plus "
>> +				  "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> +				  paddress (get_current_arch (),
>> +					    rec.u.mem.addr),
>> +				  (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>> +				  (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
>> +				  rec.u.mem.len);
>> +
>> +		    record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>> +		    break;
>> +		  }
>> +
>> +		default:
>> +		  error (_("Bad entry type in core file %ps."),
>> +			 styled_string (file_name_style.style (),
>> +					bfd_get_filename (&cbfd)));
>> +		  break;
>> +		}
>>   	    }
>>
>> -	  /* Add rec to record arch list.  */
>> -	  record_full_arch_list_add (rec);
>> +	  record_full_save_instruction ();
>>   	}
>>       }
>>     catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
>>       {
>> -      record_full_list_release (record_full_arch_list_tail);
>> +      record_full_reset_incomplete ();
>>         throw;
>>       }
>>
>> -  /* Add record_full_arch_list_head to the end of record list.  */
>> -  record_full_first.next = record_full_arch_list_head;
>> -  record_full_arch_list_head->prev = &record_full_first;
>> -  record_full_arch_list_tail->next = NULL;
>> -  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
>> -
>>     /* Update record_full_insn_max_num.  */
>>     if (record_full_insn_num > record_full_insn_max_num)
>>       {
>> @@ -2505,6 +2345,10 @@ record_full_restore (struct bfd &cbfd)
>>   	       record_full_insn_max_num);
>>       }
>>
>> +  /* When loading a recording, we'll always start at the oldest possible
>> +     instruction, no matter where the original recording was stopped.  */
>> +  record_full_next_insn = 0;
>> +
>>     /* Succeeded.  */
>>     gdb_printf (_("Restored records from core file %s.\n"),
>>   	      bfd_get_filename (&cbfd));
>> @@ -2544,7 +2388,6 @@ cmd_record_full_restore (const char *args, int
>> from_tty)
>>   void
>>   record_full_base_target::save_record (const char *recfilename)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *cur_record_full_list;
>>     uint32_t magic;
>>     struct gdbarch *gdbarch;
>>     int save_size = 0;
>> @@ -2562,9 +2405,6 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const char
>> *recfilename)
>>     /* Arrange to remove the output file on failure.  */
>>     gdb::unlinker unlink_file (recfilename);
>>
>> -  /* Save the current record entry to "cur_record_full_list".  */
>> -  cur_record_full_list = record_full_list;
>> -
>>     /* Get the values of regcache and gdbarch.  */
>>     regcache *regcache = get_thread_regcache (inferior_thread ());
>>     gdbarch = regcache->arch ();
>> @@ -2574,34 +2414,27 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
>> char *recfilename)
>>       = record_full_gdb_operation_disable_set ();
>>
>>     /* Reverse execute to the begin of record list.  */
>> -  while (1)
>> -    {
>> -      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
>> -      if (record_full_list == &record_full_first)
>> -	break;
>> -
>> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
>> -
>> -      if (record_full_list->prev)
>> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
>> -    }
>> +  for (int i = record_full_next_insn - 1; i >= 0; i--)
>> +    record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch,
>> +			   record_full_list[i]);
>>
>>     /* Compute the size needed for the extra bfd section.  */
>>     save_size = 4;	/* magic cookie */
>> -  for (record_full_list = record_full_first.next; record_full_list;
>> -       record_full_list = record_full_list->next)
>> -    switch (record_full_list->type)
>> -      {
>> -      case record_full_end:
>> -	save_size += 1 + 4 + 4;
>> -	break;
>> -      case record_full_reg:
>> -	save_size += 1 + 4 + record_full_list->u.reg.len;
>> -	break;
>> -      case record_full_mem:
>> -	save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + record_full_list->u.mem.len;
>> -	break;
>> -      }
>> +  for (int i = record_full_list.size () - 1; i >= 0; i--)
>> +    {
>> +      /* Number of effects of an instruction.  */
>> +      save_size += sizeof (uint32_t) + sizeof (uint8_t) + sizeof (uint32_t);
>> +      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
>> +	switch (entry.type)
>> +	  {
>> +	  case record_full_reg:
>> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + entry.u.reg.len;
>> +	    break;
>> +	  case record_full_mem:
>> +	    save_size += 1 + 4 + 8 + entry.u.mem.len;
>> +	    break;
>> +	  }
>> +    }
>>
>>     /* Make the new bfd section.  */
>>     osec = bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (obfd.get (), "precord",
>> @@ -2630,39 +2463,54 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
>> char *recfilename)
>>
>>     /* Save the entries to recfd and forward execute to the end of
>>        record list.  */
>> -  record_full_list = &record_full_first;
>> -  while (1)
>> +  for (int i = 0; i < record_full_list.size (); i++)
>>       {
>> -      /* Save entry.  */
>> -      if (record_full_list != &record_full_first)
>> +      uint32_t eff_count = (uint32_t) record_full_list[i].effects.size ();
>> +      uint32_t insn_num = record_full_list[i].insn_num;
>> +      uint8_t sigval = (record_full_list[i].sigval.has_value ())
>> +			? record_full_list[i].sigval.value ()
>> +			: GDB_SIGNAL_0;
>> +
>> +      /* Signal.  */
>> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &sigval, sizeof (sigval), &bfd_offset);
>> +      /* Number of effects.  */
>> +      eff_count = netorder32 (eff_count);
>> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &eff_count, sizeof (eff_count),
>> +		     &bfd_offset);
>> +      /* Instructio number.  */
> Nit: there is an n missing.
Fixed
>
>> +      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &insn_num, sizeof (insn_num),
>> +		     &bfd_offset);
>> +
>> +      for (auto &entry : record_full_list[i].effects)
>>   	{
>> +	  /* Save entry.  */
>>   	  uint8_t type;
>> -	  uint32_t regnum, len, signal, count;
>> +	  uint32_t regnum, len;
>>   	  uint64_t addr;
>>
>> -	  type = record_full_list->type;
>> +	  type = entry.type;
>>   	  bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &type, sizeof (type), &bfd_offset);
>>
>> -	  switch (record_full_list->type)
>> +	  switch (entry.type)
>>   	    {
>>   	    case record_full_reg: /* reg */
>>   	      if (record_debug)
>>   		gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>>   			    "  Writing register %d (1 "
>>   			    "plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>> -			    record_full_list->u.reg.num,
>> +			    entry.u.reg.num,
>>   			    (unsigned long) sizeof (regnum),
>> -			    record_full_list->u.reg.len);
>> +			    entry.u.reg.len);
>>
>>   	      /* Write regnum.  */
>> -	      regnum = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.reg.num);
>> +	      regnum = netorder32 (entry.u.reg.num);
>>   	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &regnum,
>>   			     sizeof (regnum), &bfd_offset);
>>
>>   	      /* Write regval.  */
>>   	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
>> -			     record_full_get_loc (record_full_list),
>> -			     record_full_list->u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
>> +			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
>> +			     entry.u.reg.len, &bfd_offset);
>>   	      break;
>>
>>   	    case record_full_mem: /* mem */
>> @@ -2671,67 +2519,31 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
>> char *recfilename)
>>   			    "  Writing memory %s (1 plus "
>>   			    "%lu plus %lu plus %d bytes)\n",
>>   			    paddress (gdbarch,
>> -				      record_full_list->u.mem.addr),
>> +				      entry.u.mem.addr),
>>   			    (unsigned long) sizeof (addr),
>>   			    (unsigned long) sizeof (len),
>> -			    record_full_list->u.mem.len);
>> +			    entry.u.mem.len);
>>
>>   	      /* Write memlen.  */
>> -	      len = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.mem.len);
>> +	      len = netorder32 (entry.u.mem.len);
>>   	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &len, sizeof (len),
>>   			     &bfd_offset);
>>
>>   	      /* Write memaddr.  */
>> -	      addr = netorder64 (record_full_list->u.mem.addr);
>> +	      addr = netorder64 (entry.u.mem.addr);
>>   	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &addr,
>>   			     sizeof (addr), &bfd_offset);
>>
>>   	      /* Write memval.  */
>>   	      bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec,
>> -			     record_full_get_loc (record_full_list),
>> -			     record_full_list->u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
>> +			     record_full_get_loc (&entry),
>> +			     entry.u.mem.len, &bfd_offset);
>>   	      break;
>> -
>> -	      case record_full_end:
>> -		if (record_debug)
>> -		  gdb_printf (gdb_stdlog,
>> -			      "  Writing record_full_end (1 + "
>> -			      "%lu + %lu bytes)\n",
>> -			      (unsigned long) sizeof (signal),
>> -			      (unsigned long) sizeof (count));
>> -		/* Write signal value.  */
>> -		signal = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.end.sigval);
>> -		bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &signal,
>> -			       sizeof (signal), &bfd_offset);
>> -
>> -		/* Write insn count.  */
>> -		count = netorder32 (record_full_list->u.end.insn_num);
>> -		bfdcore_write (obfd.get (), osec, &count,
>> -			       sizeof (count), &bfd_offset);
>> -		break;
>>   	    }
>>   	}
>>
>> -      /* Execute entry.  */
>> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
>> -
>> -      if (record_full_list->next)
>> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
>> -      else
>> -	break;
>> -    }
>> -
>> -  /* Reverse execute to cur_record_full_list.  */
>> -  while (1)
>> -    {
>> -      /* Check for beginning and end of log.  */
>> -      if (record_full_list == cur_record_full_list)
>> -	break;
>> -
>> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
>> -
>> -      if (record_full_list->prev)
>> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
>> +      if (i < record_full_next_insn)
>> +	record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
>>       }
>>
>>     unlink_file.keep ();
>> @@ -2742,11 +2554,11 @@ record_full_base_target::save_record (const
>> char *recfilename)
>>   }
>>
>>   /* record_full_goto_insn -- rewind the record log (forward or backward,
>> -   depending on DIR) to the given entry, changing the program state
>> -   correspondingly.  */
>> +   depending on DIR) to the entry in position TARGET_INSN in the history,
>> +   changing the program state correspondingly.  */
>>
>>   static void
>> -record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry *entry,
>> +record_full_goto_insn (size_t target_insn,
>>   		       enum exec_direction_kind dir)
>>   {
>>     scoped_restore restore_operation_disable
>> @@ -2757,17 +2569,12 @@ record_full_goto_insn (struct record_full_entry
>> *entry,
>>     /* Assume everything is valid: we will hit the entry,
>>        and we will not hit the end of the recording.  */
>>
>> -  if (dir == EXEC_FORWARD)
>> -    record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
>> -
>> -  do
>> -    {
>> -      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list);
>> -      if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->prev;
>> -      else
>> -	record_full_list = record_full_list->next;
>> -    } while (record_full_list != entry);
>> +  if (dir == EXEC_REVERSE)
>> +    for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i > target_insn; i--)
>> +      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i - 1]);
>> +  else
>> +    for (int i = record_full_next_insn; i < target_insn; i++)
>> +      record_full_exec_insn (regcache, gdbarch, record_full_list[i]);
>>   }
>>
>>   /* Alias for "target record-full".  */
>> @@ -2798,61 +2605,36 @@ set_record_full_insn_max_num (const char
>> *args, int from_tty,
>>   static void
>>   maintenance_print_record_instruction (const char *args, int from_tty)
>>   {
>> -  struct record_full_entry *to_print = record_full_list;
>> +  if (record_full_list.empty ())
>> +    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
>>
>> +  int offset = record_full_next_insn - 1;
>> +  /* Reduce the offset by 1 if the record_full_next_insn is after the end
>> +     so that we show the last recorded instruction instead of crashing.  */
>> +  if (offset == record_full_list.size ())
>> +    offset--;
>>     if (args != nullptr)
>>       {
>> -      int offset = value_as_long (parse_and_eval (args));
>> -      if (offset > 0)
>> -	{
>> -	  /* Move forward OFFSET instructions.  We know we found the
>> -	     end of an instruction when to_print->type is record_full_end.  */
>> -	  while (to_print->next != nullptr && offset > 0)
>> -	    {
>> -	      to_print = to_print->next;
>> -	      if (to_print->type == record_full_end)
>> -		offset--;
>> -	    }
>> -	  if (offset != 0)
>> -	    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
>> -	}
>> -      else
>> -	{
>> -	  while (to_print->prev != nullptr && offset < 0)
>> -	    {
>> -	      to_print = to_print->prev;
>> -	      if (to_print->type == record_full_end)
>> -		offset++;
>> -	    }
>> -	  if (offset != 0)
>> -	    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
>> -	}
>> +      offset += value_as_long (parse_and_eval (args));
>> +      if (offset >= record_full_list.size () || offset < 0)
>> +	error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
>>       }
>> -  gdb_assert (to_print != nullptr);
>> +  auto to_print = record_full_list.begin () + offset;
>>
>>     gdbarch *arch = current_inferior ()->arch ();
>>
>> -  /* Go back to the start of the instruction.  */
>> -  while (to_print->prev != nullptr && to_print->prev->type != record_full_end)
>> -    to_print = to_print->prev;
>> -
>> -  /* if we're in the first record, there are no actual instructions
>> -     recorded.  Warn the user and leave.  */
>> -  if (to_print == &record_full_first)
>> -    error (_("Not enough recorded history"));
>> -
>> -  while (to_print->type != record_full_end)
>> +  for (auto entry : to_print->effects)
>>       {
>> -      switch (to_print->type)
>> +      switch (entry.type)
>>   	{
>>   	  case record_full_reg:
>>   	    {
>> -	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, to_print-
>>> u.reg.num);
>> +	      type *regtype = gdbarch_register_type (arch, entry.u.reg.num);
>>   	      value *val
>>   		  = value_from_contents (regtype,
>> -					 record_full_get_loc (to_print));
>> +					 record_full_get_loc (&entry));
>>   	      gdb_printf ("Register %s changed: ",
>> -			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, to_print-
>>> u.reg.num));
>> +			  gdbarch_register_name (arch, entry.u.reg.num));
>>   	      struct value_print_options opts;
>>   	      get_user_print_options (&opts);
>>   	      opts.raw = true;
>> @@ -2862,17 +2644,16 @@ maintenance_print_record_instruction (const
>> char *args, int from_tty)
>>   	    }
>>   	  case record_full_mem:
>>   	    {
>> -	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (to_print);
>> +	      gdb_byte *b = record_full_get_loc (&entry);
>>   	      gdb_printf ("%d bytes of memory at address %s changed from:",
>> -			  to_print->u.mem.len,
>> -			  print_core_address (arch, to_print->u.mem.addr));
>> -	      for (int i = 0; i < to_print->u.mem.len; i++)
>> +			  entry.u.mem.len,
>> +			  print_core_address (arch, entry.u.mem.addr));
>> +	      for (int i = 0; i < entry.u.mem.len; i++)
>>   		gdb_printf (" %02x", b[i]);
>>   	      gdb_printf ("\n");
>>   	      break;
>>   	    }
>>   	}
>> -      to_print = to_print->next;
>>       }
>>   }
>>
>> @@ -2880,11 +2661,6 @@ INIT_GDB_FILE (record_full)
>>   {
>>     struct cmd_list_element *c;
>>
>> -  /* Init record_full_first.  */
>> -  record_full_first.prev = NULL;
>> -  record_full_first.next = NULL;
>> -  record_full_first.type = record_full_end;
>> -
>>     add_target (record_full_target_info, record_full_open);
>>     add_deprecated_target_alias (record_full_target_info, "record");
>>     add_target (record_full_core_target_info, record_full_open);
>> diff --git a/gdb/record-full.h b/gdb/record-full.h
>> index 51effe74560..c327d879a8a 100644
>> --- a/gdb/record-full.h
>> +++ b/gdb/record-full.h
>> @@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ enum record_result
>>
>>   extern int record_full_arch_list_add_reg (struct regcache *regcache, int
>> num);
>>   extern int record_full_arch_list_add_mem (CORE_ADDR addr, int len);
>> -extern int record_full_arch_list_add_end (void);
>>
>>   /* Returns true if the process record target is open.  */
>>   extern int record_full_is_used (void);
>> diff --git a/gdb/riscv-tdep.c b/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
>> index 6b5c9c02d46..f5b1f66844c 100644
>> --- a/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/riscv-tdep.c
>> @@ -5466,8 +5466,5 @@ riscv_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>     if (res != RECORD_SUCCESS)
>>       return res;
>>
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>> -
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>> diff --git a/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c b/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
>> index e135df94a40..f964889a49f 100644
>> --- a/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/rs6000-tdep.c
>> @@ -7138,8 +7138,6 @@ ppc_process_prefix_instruction (int insn_prefix, int
>> insn_suffix,
>>     if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, PPC_PC_REGNUM))
>>       return -1;
>>
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> @@ -7447,8 +7445,6 @@ ppc_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>
>>     if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, PPC_PC_REGNUM))
>>       return -1;
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c b/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
>> index 3cd6b359d13..6bea30f08dc 100644
>> --- a/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/s390-linux-tdep.c
>> @@ -910,9 +910,6 @@ s390_linux_record_signal (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>     if (record_full_arch_list_add_mem (sp, sizeof_rt_sigframe))
>>       return -1;
>>
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>> -
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> diff --git a/gdb/s390-tdep.c b/gdb/s390-tdep.c
>> index f9d7bdd04e4..36ce659ea15 100644
>> --- a/gdb/s390-tdep.c
>> +++ b/gdb/s390-tdep.c
>> @@ -7019,8 +7019,6 @@ s390_process_record (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
>> struct regcache *regcache,
>>
>>     if (record_full_arch_list_add_reg (regcache, S390_PSWA_REGNUM))
>>       return -1;
>> -  if (record_full_arch_list_add_end ())
>> -    return -1;
>>     return 0;
>>   }
>>
>> --
>> 2.54.0
>>
> There are still some code areas that I could not follow completely but I don’t think I’ll get there
> anytime soon.:)
>
> So please take my review with a grain of salt.

don't sell yourself short, I think you've done a phenomenal job! The 
patch series is much better thanks to your thorough look through it!

I will leave the newest version on the list for a couple of weeks before 
pushing, just in case anyone has further comments.

>
> Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>
>
> Christina
> Intel Deutschland GmbH
>
> Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
> Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
> Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
> Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
> Registered Seat: Munich
> Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928
>

-- 
Cheers,
Guinevere Larsen
it/its
she/her (deprecated)


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* RE: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-11 17:16         ` Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-06-15  7:49           ` Schimpe, Christina
  2026-06-25 20:41             ` Guinevere Larsen
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Schimpe, Christina @ 2026-06-15  7:49 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Guinevere Larsen, gdb-patches; +Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2936 bytes --]

From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
Sent: Donnerstag, 11. Juni 2026 19:17
To: Schimpe, Christina <christina.schimpe@intel.com>; gdb-patches@sourceware.org
Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c

On 6/11/26 4:21 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:

It seems that you did not change the code as discussed here:

https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2026-May/227699.html



Would you mind sharing the reason for that?

In my opinion this is necessary.

I blame the weekend. Leave on friday thinking "I'll do it on monday", arrive

on monday thinking "I did it last friday".



I made sure to make the change now. Added the asserts that the length is

0 in the move operator, which means we won't need to worry about freeing

the memory.

But isn't it possible that "len > sizeof (u.buf)" or at least "len > 0" at this point ?
Not really. Since we can't have copying of entries, if an actual entry was stored in the variable that is receiving a move, we lose information on an entry or we forgot to clear the incomplete instruction (which means we never added it to the history). The code is built for this to be the case, so I am asserting that the length is 0 to catch these mistakes and not let execution information be lost.

In any case, I believe a good comment explaining this might be helpful, since
freeing the original memory is something one would expect at this specific code
location. The same applies for the other assert you already added:
“gdb_assert (this != &other);”.

Besides that, I only found one further nit:
the line “ record_full_reg_entry &operator=(record_full_reg_entry &&other)” misses
a space before the bracket “(“.

I believe I am now done with the review of this patch, but like patch #1, please
take my review with a grain of salt, too. ;)

Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>

Christina

--

Cheers,

Guinevere Larsen

it/its

she/her (deprecated)





So before this code:



+    addr = other.addr;

+    len = other.len;

+    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));

Christina

Intel Deutschland GmbH



Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany

Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de<http://www.intel.de>

Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell

Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau

Registered Seat: Munich

Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928
Intel Deutschland GmbH

Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

[-- Attachment #2: Type: text/html, Size: 8347 bytes --]

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-15  7:49           ` Schimpe, Christina
@ 2026-06-25 20:41             ` Guinevere Larsen
  2026-07-06  8:35               ` Schimpe, Christina
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 20+ messages in thread
From: Guinevere Larsen @ 2026-06-25 20:41 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Schimpe, Christina, gdb-patches

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 3869 bytes --]

On 6/15/26 4:49 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:
>
> *From:*Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
> *Sent:* Donnerstag, 11. Juni 2026 19:17
> *To:* Schimpe, Christina <christina.schimpe@intel.com>; 
> gdb-patches@sourceware.org
> *Cc:* Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
> *Subject:* Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures 
> of record-full.c
>
> On 6/11/26 4:21 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:
>
>             It seems that you did not change the code as discussed here:
>
>             https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2026-May/227699.html
>
>             Would you mind sharing the reason for that?
>
>             In my opinion this is necessary.
>
>         I blame the weekend. Leave on friday thinking "I'll do it on
>         monday", arrive
>
>         on monday thinking "I did it last friday".
>
>         I made sure to make the change now. Added the asserts that the
>         length is
>
>         0 in the move operator, which means we won't need to worry
>         about freeing
>
>         the memory.
>
>     But isn't it possible that "len > sizeof (u.buf)" or at least "len > 0" at this point ?
>
> Not really. Since we can't have copying of entries, if an actual entry 
> was stored in the variable that is receiving a move, we lose 
> information on an entry or we forgot to clear the incomplete 
> instruction (which means we never added it to the history). The code 
> is built for this to be the case, so I am asserting that the length is 
> 0 to catch these mistakes and not let execution information be lost.
>
Huh, ok. Turns out I was mistaken here in one specific situation. In 
aarch64 (and possibly other architectures, I would need test it more 
thoroughly), call instructions end up recording the PC multiple times, 
which was causing GDB to assert.

So I will implement your suggestion for now, and (hopefully) fix the 
double-recording issues in the near future.

Thanks for raising this, turns out my code may have been leaking memory 
all along, or at least had that chance!

-- 
Cheers,
Guinevere Larsen
it/its
she/her (deprecated)

> In any case, I believe a good comment explaining this might be 
> helpful, since
>
> freeing the original memory is something one would expect at this 
> specific code
>
> location. The same applies for the other assert you already added:
>
> “gdb_assert (this != &other);”.
>
> Besides that, I only found one further nit:
> the line “ record_full_reg_entry &operator=(record_full_reg_entry 
> &&other)” misses
>
> a space before the bracket “(“.
>
> I believe I am now done with the review of this patch, but like patch 
> #1, please
>
> take my review with a grain of salt, too. ;)
>
> Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com>
>
> Christina
>
> -- 
> Cheers,
> Guinevere Larsen
> it/its
> she/her (deprecated)
>
>     So before this code:
>
>                     +    addr = other.addr;
>
>                     +    len = other.len;
>
>                     +    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));
>
>     Christina
>
>     Intel Deutschland GmbH
>
>     Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
>
>     Tel: +49 89 991 430,www.intel.de <http://www.intel.de>
>
>     Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
>
>     Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
>
>     Registered Seat: Munich
>
>     Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928
>
> HTML Version:
>
>
> Intel Deutschland GmbH
>
> Registered Address: Dornacher Straße 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
> Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de <//www.intel.de>
> Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
> Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
> Registered Seat: Munich
> Commercial Register: Amtsgericht München HRB 186928
>

[-- Attachment #2: Type: text/html, Size: 11046 bytes --]

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

* RE: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c
  2026-06-25 20:41             ` Guinevere Larsen
@ 2026-07-06  8:35               ` Schimpe, Christina
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 20+ messages in thread
From: Schimpe, Christina @ 2026-07-06  8:35 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Guinevere Larsen, gdb-patches

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 4472 bytes --]

I’ve been out for a couple of days, so I only saw this now.
Thanks, I am glad that some of my review was helpful. 😊

Christina

From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
Sent: Donnerstag, 25. Juni 2026 22:41
To: Schimpe, Christina <christina.schimpe@intel.com>; gdb-patches@sourceware.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c

On 6/15/26 4:49 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:
From: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com><mailto:guinevere@redhat.com>
Sent: Donnerstag, 11. Juni 2026 19:17
To: Schimpe, Christina <christina.schimpe@intel.com><mailto:christina.schimpe@intel.com>; gdb-patches@sourceware.org<mailto:gdb-patches@sourceware.org>
Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann <thiago.bauermann@linaro.org><mailto:thiago.bauermann@linaro.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c

On 6/11/26 4:21 AM, Schimpe, Christina wrote:

It seems that you did not change the code as discussed here:

https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2026-May/227699.html



Would you mind sharing the reason for that?

In my opinion this is necessary.

I blame the weekend. Leave on friday thinking "I'll do it on monday", arrive

on monday thinking "I did it last friday".



I made sure to make the change now. Added the asserts that the length is

0 in the move operator, which means we won't need to worry about freeing

the memory.

But isn't it possible that "len > sizeof (u.buf)" or at least "len > 0" at this point ?
Not really. Since we can't have copying of entries, if an actual entry was stored in the variable that is receiving a move, we lose information on an entry or we forgot to clear the incomplete instruction (which means we never added it to the history). The code is built for this to be the case, so I am asserting that the length is 0 to catch these mistakes and not let execution information be lost.

Huh, ok. Turns out I was mistaken here in one specific situation. In aarch64 (and possibly other architectures, I would need test it more thoroughly), call instructions end up recording the PC multiple times, which was causing GDB to assert.

So I will implement your suggestion for now, and (hopefully) fix the double-recording issues in the near future.

Thanks for raising this, turns out my code may have been leaking memory all along, or at least had that chance!

--

Cheers,

Guinevere Larsen

it/its

she/her (deprecated)

In any case, I believe a good comment explaining this might be helpful, since
freeing the original memory is something one would expect at this specific code
location. The same applies for the other assert you already added:
“gdb_assert (this != &other);”.

Besides that, I only found one further nit:
the line “ record_full_reg_entry &operator=(record_full_reg_entry &&other)” misses
a space before the bracket “(“.


I believe I am now done with the review of this patch, but like patch #1, please
take my review with a grain of salt, too. ;)

Reviewed-By: Christina Schimpe <christina.schimpe@intel.com><mailto:christina.schimpe@intel.com>

Christina

--

Cheers,

Guinevere Larsen

it/its

she/her (deprecated)





So before this code:



+    addr = other.addr;

+    len = other.len;

+    memcpy (u.buf, other.u.buf, sizeof (u.buf));

Christina

Intel Deutschland GmbH



Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany

Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de<http://www.intel.de>

Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell

Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau

Registered Seat: Munich

Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928
HTML Version:



Intel Deutschland GmbH
Registered Address: Dornacher Straße 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de<file://www.intel.de>
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht München HRB 186928

Intel Deutschland GmbH

Registered Address: Dornacher Strasse 1, 85622 Feldkirchen, Germany
Tel: +49 89 991 430, www.intel.de
Managing Directors: Harry Demas, Jeffrey Schneiderman, Yin Chong Sorrell
Chairperson of the Supervisory Board: Nicole Lau
Registered Seat: Munich
Commercial Register: Amtsgericht Muenchen HRB 186928

[-- Attachment #2: Type: text/html, Size: 12277 bytes --]

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 20+ messages in thread

end of thread, other threads:[~2026-07-06  8:36 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 20+ messages (download: mbox.gz / follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2026-06-02 14:33 [PATCH v4 0/8] refactor the internals of record-full Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 1/8] gdb/record: Refactor record history Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-10 14:39   ` Schimpe, Christina
2026-06-12 18:07     ` Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 2/8] gdb/record: factor out reading and writing the execution log to corefile Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-10 14:40   ` Schimpe, Christina
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 3/8] gdb/record: remove record_full_insn_num Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 4/8] gdb/record: c++ify internal structures of record-full.c Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-10 14:46   ` Schimpe, Christina
2026-06-10 19:07     ` Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-11  7:21       ` Schimpe, Christina
2026-06-11 17:16         ` Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-15  7:49           ` Schimpe, Christina
2026-06-25 20:41             ` Guinevere Larsen
2026-07-06  8:35               ` Schimpe, Christina
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 5/8] gdb/record: make record_full_history more c++-like Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 6/8] gdb/record: extract the PC to record_full_instruction Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 7/8] gdb/record: Define new version of the record-save section Guinevere Larsen
2026-06-10 14:49   ` Schimpe, Christina
2026-06-02 14:33 ` [PATCH v4 8/8] gdb/record: rename record_full_list to record_full_log Guinevere Larsen

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