Re: interface to partial support for DW_OP_piece in dwarf2expr.[ch]

[Andrew Cagney <cagney@gnu.org>]

> Full support for the Dwarf DW_OP_piece operator in location
> expressions would require major work on 'struct value' and its users.
> But in many cases, compilers use DW_OP_piece in a restricted way, such
> that all the multi-piece locations actually generated could be
> expressed using the 'struct symbol' and 'struct value' we have today.
> 
> For example, on the PowerPC E500, the 32-bit upper and lower halves of
> the 64-bit gprs have separate register numbers in Dwarf information,
> but GDB has (pseudo-)registers that refer to the entire 64 bits.  So a
> Dwarf 3 location expression that places one piece in an upper-half
> register and another piece in the corresponding lower-half register
> could be represented by a 'struct value' V where VALUE_LVAL (V) ==
> lval_register and VALUE_REGNO (V) is the pseudo-register number.
> 
> Recognizing these cases requires calling out to architecture-specific
> code.  When an patch implementing this was first posted, there was
> general agreement that dwarf2expr.[ch] ought not call architecture
> methods directly, as it did in the patch, but should instead return
> the list of pieces; and that dwarf2expr.[ch]'s callers (specifically,
> the code in dwarf2loc.c) should take care of whatever wrangling was
> needed to turn that list of pieces into the right 'struct value',
> architecture-specific or otherwise.  That thread starts here:
> 
>     http://sources.redhat.com/ml/gdb-patches/2003-05/msg00425.html
> 
> Here's a sketch of how we might extend the Dwarf expression evaluation
> interface to return piece lists, meant to implement the suggestions in
> that thread.  If this looks reasonable, then I'll do some more work
> and post it for further review.

Knowing that GCC 3.5 is going to be a heavy user of DW_OP_piece, means 
that we need to start moving on this, and its good to see this happening.

I'm just having trouble getting my head around how this will affect 
core-gdb, and seeing how this addresses our need to meet GCC 3.5's 
requirements?

Can we expand on that?

--

Looking at the below:

- a single value can have multiple locations (important for store)
- could dwarf2_expr_piece be called ``struct location''? :-)

Andrew

> *** dwarf2expr.h.~1.5.~	2003-06-08 13:27:13.000000000 -0500
> --- dwarf2expr.h	2004-08-03 02:07:08.000000000 -0500
> *************** struct dwarf_expr_context
> *** 74,79 ****
> --- 74,122 ----
>     /* Non-zero if the result is in a register.  The register number
>        will be on the expression stack.  */
>     int in_reg;
> + 
> +   /* An array of pieces.  PIECES points to its first element;
> +      NUM_PIECES is its length.
> + 
> +      Each time DW_OP_piece is executed, we add a new element to the
> +      end of this array, recording the current top of the stack, the
> +      current in_reg flag, and the size given as the operand to
> +      DW_OP_piece.  We then pop the top value from the stack, clear the
> +      in_reg flag, and resume evaluation.
> + 
> +      The Dwarf spec doesn't say whether DW_OP_piece pops the top value
> +      from the stack.  We do, ensuring that clients of this interface
> +      expecting to see a value left on the top of the stack (say, code
> +      evaluating frame base expressions or CFA's specified with
> +      DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression) will get an error if the expression
> +      actually marks all the values it computes as pieces.
> + 
> +      If an expression never uses DW_OP_piece, num_pieces will be zero.
> +      (It would be nice to present these cases as expressions yeilding
> +      a single piece, with in_reg clear, so that callers need not
> +      distinguish between the no-DW_OP_piece and one-DW_OP_piece cases.
> +      But expressions with no DW_OP_piece operations have no value to
> +      place in a piece's 'size' field; the size comes from the
> +      surrounding data.  So the two cases need to be handled
> +      separately.)  */
> +   int num_pieces;
> +   struct dwarf_expr_piece *pieces;
> + };
> + 
> + 
> + /* A piece of an object, as recorded by DW_OP_piece.  */
> + struct dwarf_expr_piece
> + {
> +   /* If IN_REG is zero, then the piece is in memory, and VALUE is its address.
> +      If IN_REG is non-zero, then the piece is in a register, and VALUE
> +      is the register number.  */
> +   int in_reg;
> + 
> +   /* This piece's address or register number.  */
> +   CORE_ADDR value;
> + 
> +   /* The length of the piece, in bytes.  */
> +   ULONGEST size;
>   };
>   
>   struct dwarf_expr_context *new_dwarf_expr_context (void);